for Arborists, Landscape Managers & Nursery Managers

Commercial Horticulture June 16, 2017Coordinator Weekly IPM Report: Stanton Gill, Extension Specialist, IPM for Nursery, Greenhouse and Managed Landscapes, sgill@umd.edu. 301-596-9413 (office) or 410-868-9400 (cell)

Regular Contributors: Pest and Beneficial Insect Information: Stanton Gill and Paula Shrewsbury (Extension Specialists) and Nancy Harding, Faculty Research AssistantDisease Information: Karen Rane (Plant Pathologist) and David Clement (Extension Specialist)Weed of the Week: Chuck Schuster (Extension Educator, Montgomery County)Cultural Information: Ginny Rosenkranz (Extension Educator, Wicomico/Worcester/Somerset Counties)Fertility Management: Andrew Ristvey (Extension Specialist, Wye Research & Education Center)Design, Layout and Editing: Suzanne Klick (Technician, CMREC)

In This Issue...

If you work for a commercial horticultural business in the area, you can report insect, disease, weed or cultural

plant problems found in the landscape or nursery to

sklick@umd.edu

TPM/IPM Weekly Report

- Japanese beetles- Thrips activity- Rose rosette disease- Sawfly on hibiscus- Crapemyrtle aphids- Problems with vinca- Nutrient management plan training- MDA container recycling- Fall webworms- Viburnum leaf beetle- Herbicide damage- Potato leafhoppers- Persistent leafspot on Bermudagrass- Aphids on oaks and tuliptrees- Bagworms- Oak slug sawflies- Lily aphids

Beneficial of the WeekWeed of the WeekPlant of the WeekPhenologyDegree DaysAnnouncements

Pest Predictive Calendar

IPMnetIntegrated Pest Management for

Commercial Horticulture

extension.umd.edu/ipm

Japanese Beetles - First EmergenceBy: Stanton Gill

In 2016, we had a rainy period when adult female Japanese beetles were laying eggs. As a result, many eggs were laid in the soil and did hatch. Last August and September, there was an extreme dry period which did dry out some grubs and helped reduce populations. Was this enough? Probably not. Reports are starting to come in to us. Shawn Appling, Virginia Extension, found an adult beetle feeding on a ‘Natchez’ crape myrtle on June 10 in Culpeper, VA. Matthew Fuller, SavaTree, found his first beetle activity in Manassas, VA, and Steve Sullivan, Brightview, found a few beetles in Charlottesville, VA. John Hochmuth found his first two beetles near Easton/Oxford, MD. Check beetle-prone plants such as birch, stewartia, plums, cherries, lindens, and zinnias for early activity of Japanese beetles. In 2015 and 2016, we conducted trials to evaluate Mainspring, Acelpyrn and BeetleGone (BTg). Foliar applications of Acelpyrn and Mainspring gave control for 10 - 14 days at 8 oz/100 gal. We had longer control of 3 weeks at the higher label rates. Bacillus thuringiensis galleriae (Btg) gave 4 - 5 days of control at the higher rate of 100 oz/100 gal of water.

Japanese beetles have been spotted in several MD and VA locations this weekPhoto: Matthew Fuller, SavaTree

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Rose rosette continues to be a problem on roses in the landscape

Streaking on flowers can be a sign of thrips; a tap test on paper will show if any are present on the plants

Thrips ActivityBy: Stanton Gill

I received an email from the Association of Specialty Cut Flower Growers (ASCFG). Several of their members in the Mid-west through the East Coast were seeing an alarming amount of activity from thrips on commercial cut flowers in the last 3 weeks. Most thrips species do poorly in the cool wet weather we had early in the spring. When the hot weather started blowing up from the south many thrips rode the jetstreams. This influx of thrips is hungry and searching for flowers with a lot of nectar.

Good materials for thrips control include Spinosad (Conserve). We are testing Acelepyrn and Altus this summer for thrips control. Both of these materials are systemics. Organic growers can try using Beauveria bassiana (BotaniGard). This entomopathogenic fungi works well in hot, humid weather. It has to be applied every 3 - 4 days using a fine mist sprayer.

Rose Rosette DiseaseBy: Karen Rane

Rose rosette disease, which is caused by a virus transmitted by an eriophyid mite, continues to be a serious threat to landscape roses. In August 2016, a Rose Rosette workshop was held at the annual meeting of the American Society of Horticultural Science. Presentations from the workshop have been posted on-line – topics include a description of the disease and its symptoms, diagnostics, disease management and future research. If you are interested in more information from leading researchers about this important disease, check out this link: https://ashs.confex.com/ashs/2016/webprogram/Session7957.html

Sawfly on HibiscusSawfly activity started this week on Hibiscus moscheutos (perennial hibiscus) plants here in Ellicott City. Look for small, pale yellowish green larvae on foliage. Initial damage are small shotholes, but as the sawflies continue feeding, they skeletonize the foliage. Damage in recent years has not been too bad on this group of plants, but sometimes these sawflies can cause heavy defoliation. With up to 6 generations per season, they can be a problem throughout the summer. Control: Horticultural oil or a spinosad product are two options for control. Sawflies are related to wasps and bees, not butterflies and moths, so Bt does not work.

In high numbers, sawfly larvae can defoliate hibiscus

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Yellowing foliage is common on many vinca plants this year after a cool spring when vinca was planted before it was warm enoughPhoto: Steve Castrogiovanni, Mead Tree and Turf Care

Crapemyrtle AphidsSteve Sullivan, Brightview, received a report of crape myrtle activity from Anne Arundel County this week. Brian Scheck, Maxalea, Inc. found them in Stevenson on June 15. With many crape myrtles now planted in landscapes, crapemyrtle aphids, which are host specific, have become a regular problem. Often, both winged and non-winged forms are present. There are are multiple overlapping generations during the season. Look for distortion and curling on new growth. This aphid produces a lot of honeydew on which sooty mold grows.Control: Check for predators and parasitoids such as syrphid flies, lady bird beetles, and wasps (look for the aphid mummies) because they do a lot to keep aphid populations down. If aphid populations are high enough to warrant treatment, consider horticultural oil or Endeavor which have minimal impact on beneficials.

Crapemyrtle nymphs have black spikes and are slightly smaller than adults

Winged and non-winged forms of crapemyrtle aphids are present Photo: Brian Scheck, Maxalea, Inc.

Problems on Vinca in the LandscapeWe are receiving a lot of calls and emails about annual vinca doing poorly. These problems are due to vinca being a hot weather plant growing in a cool environment. Many landscapers installed annual vinca into landscapes back in May when it was cool and wet. As a result, we are seeing a lot of yellowing of vinca foliage and root rot problems.

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Operator Certification (FTC) for Writing Nursery Nutrient Management Plans for Nursery, Greenhouses and Controlled Environments

June 28, 20179 to 3:30 PM

University of Maryland, Central Maryland Research and Education Center11975 Homewood RoadEllicott City, MD 21042

Nursery Operator Certification (FTC) for writing nursery nutrient management plans will be offered to growers who are interested in attaining Farmer Training Certification for writing nutrient management plans. This training program will assist you in writing a nutrient management plan for your nursery or greenhouse operation. You must write a nursery nutrient management plan if you use fertilizers and you gross $2500 or more per year in sales. With this certification, you will be able to sign-off and submit your own plan and annual implementation reports.

The program consists of a Training Day and an Exam/Signoff Day. The Training Day, Wednesday, June 28th, will consist of learning the plan-writing process. After the Training Day you will have 3 weeks, during which time you will study the Nursery Nutrient Management Training Manual and develop your plan. The Exam/Signoff Day on Wednesday July 19th will be at the Maryland Department of Agriculture. This will also be for going over your newly developed plan (or renewing your old plan). Nutrient Management Consultants interested in learning nursery plan writing can attend and receive 6 CEUs.

The process is relatively simple for small (or low-risk) operations, so if your operation size is less than 5 acres, we would strongly encourage you to think about becoming a certified operator. If your operation is larger than 5 acres, we would still encourage you to become a certified operator, even though the nutrient management process may be a little more complicated.

The cost for this program is $30.00 per person and should be paid on the first day of the program (June 28th). Checks can be written to University of Maryland. If you wish to register, please send an email to mike.webster@maryland.gov. In the email, state that you are registering for Nursery FTC. Give your name, business and contact information.

Contact Andrew Ristvey at 410-827-8056 x113 or aristvey@umd.edu if you have any questions.

The University of Maryland Extension programs are open to any person and will not discriminate against anyone because of race, age, sex, color, sexual orientation, physical or mental disability, religion, ancestry, national origin, marital status, genetic information, political affiliation,

and gender identity or expression.

MDA Pesticide Container Recycling ProgramThe 25th year of the pesticide container recycling program will run from June through September. There are 24 collection days at 6 different sites. See the brochure for dates and locations in 2017. Be sure to properly rinse the pesticide containers before taking them for recycling. The Agricultural Container Recycling Council provides a chipper to grind the plastic containers into flakes, which are then transported to a contractor for recycling. For additional information, or to schedule a chipping date at your site, contact Rob Hofstetter, special programs coordinator, Pesticide Regulation Section, Maryland Department of Agriculture, at 410-841-5710.

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The feeding pattern of these fall webworm caterpillars is a bit unusual the way they are around the edges of the webbed area; often they feed as a jumbled mass in the webbingPhoto: Matt Fuller, Savatree

Viburnum Leaf BeetleBy: Stanton Gill

Last year, we had reports of activity and damage from the viburnum leaf beetle in Washington County. Steve Sullivan, Brightview, called this week to report viburnum leaf beetle damage on arrow-wood viburnum in Columbia. Ginny Rosenkranz, UME, received a call from a woman in Wicomico County with a 9 x 10 foot Viburnum opulus, European cranberry viburnum, with all of the foliage damaged. Ginny noted that the homeowner is going to add tanglefoot to the bottom part of the plant’s trunk next spring to prevent the beetles from climbing down to pupate in the soil. We also received reports of activity in Harford County in May.

Paul Weston, formally of Cornell University, did a lot of work on this pest in New York. He developed an excellent list of the most susceptible viburnums and which one are more

Fall WebwormsThere is a lot of fall webworm hyperactivity which is early this year. Population numbers are high. John Ford, Savatree, found larve on flowerwing cherry in Oaktown, VA. Jessica Frakes, Savatree, found them in McLean, VA on June 13. Matt Fuller, Savatree, found them in Great Falls, VA on cherry and redbud. Marie Rojas, IPM Scout, found them feeding on Malus ‘Liberty’ in Montgomery County on June 14. Fall webworm has a wide woody plant host range. They feed within the webbing which is around the tips of branches and not in the crotches like Eastern tent caterpillars which are active much earlier in the season. There are two generations per season. There are two color forms of the caterpillar: one that is yellowish white with a black head and one that is brown with a red head.Control: If possible, prune out webbed terminals. Bt, horticultural oil or insecticidal soap can be used for early instars. There are many predators and parasites that help keep this pest below damaging levels.

Egg laying activity causes damage to stemsPhoto: Dawn Dailey O’Brien, Cornell University, Bugwood.org

Reports so far this season indicate that fall webworm populations are higher than usualPhoto: John Ford, SavaTree

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This potato leafhopper nymph was found feeding on red maple

Herbicide Collateral Damage is Heavy this SpringBy: Stanton Gill and David Clement

David Clement, Karen Rane, and I have been called out repeatedly in the last 4 weeks to look at herbicide damage on trees and shrubs in the landscape. We are trying to figure out why so much damage is showing up this year. We had a rainy spring with a lot of wind. We think people are trying to squeeze in herbicide applications and unfortunately pick days with a fair amount of wind. Damage is showing up on nursery plants, in large estates and smaller landscapes throughout western and central Maryland.

This red maple was damaged from an herbicide application made on a windy dayPhoto: David Clement, UME-HGIC

Potato Leafhopper Activity in the NurseryBy: Stanton Gill

Potato leafhopper activity is high in several nurseries in Maryland this week. We are seeing them on red maples, goldenrain trees and redbuds. If you are growing maples in the nursery then now is the time to apply a systemic insecticide. The new material Altus has leafhopper on the label. We have not tested it out yet in field trials.

resistant at http://www.hort.cornell.edu/vlb/. The native arrow-wood is very susceptible to this insect. My favorite viburnums include leatherleaf and double file viburnum which are fairly resistant. Nursery owners need to plant the resistant varieties as this insect spreads in Maryland.

The good news is that viburnum leaf beetles only infest viburnums. They bad news is that viburnums are very popular in the nursery and landscape business. Adult females begin laying eggs in late June (coming very soon) to mid-July and continue laying eggs as late as October. They chew small holes (about 1 mm in diameter or about the size of a pinhead) into a small branch or twig for laying eggs. Eggs are often laid on the current season’s growth. There is one generation per year. Adult females lay up to 500 eggs on viburnum twigs. From egg hatch to adult takes 8 to 10 weeks.

If you see activity in your area please contact me at: Sgill@umd.edu. We are interested in how far and fast this pest is spreading in Maryland

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Persistent Leaf Spot on Bermudagrass in MarylandBy: Joseph Roberts, University of Maryland Turfgrass Pathologist

For those of you that are growing warm season turfgrass, the spring months have been particularly difficult due to frequent rainfall and overcast days. Here at UMD, we have observed a very slow start to our bermudagrass plots. One of the advantages of bermudagrass in the heat of the summer is that it typically grows out of most pest issues. When considering diseases that are problematic on bermudagrass, they typically occur in the shoulder seasons when bermudagrass growth is hindered. When you have weather that we have experienced recently, disease issues can be more persistent than normal. Leaf spot has been persistent this spring on bermudagrass. Leaf spots (Figure 1) can be caused by multiple fungi, but one of the more common is Bipolaris sorokiniana. The symptoms are adequately described by the name as spots occur on the leaf. One of the defining features of leaf spot is the dark border surrounding the spots. From a distance, they can appear as small areas of blighted turfgrass (Figure 2). They can occur on both cool and warm season turf, but as we have observed, tend to infect warm season grasses during cool, wet periods that occur in the spring and fall seasons.

Control: When it comes to management, we observe leaf spot diseases on both under- and overfertilized turf. The symptoms shown in Figure 1 are on under-fertilized bermudagrass experiencing frequent rainfall. Be sure to adequately fertilize turfgrass when it is growing. Following MD fertilization guidelines (i.e., no more than 0.9 lb N 1000 ft-2 per application) will assist in providing enough nutrients without over fertilizing. Try to limit leaf wetness periods through irrigating early in the morning as moisture is a driver of not only Bipolairs, but multiple fungi. If conditions continue to worsen, a fungicide application may be warranted. In this case, multiple fungicide groups such as the strobilurins (QoIs), sterol inhibitors (DMIs), and nitriles can provide good control of the issue.

Aphids on Oaks and TuliptreesMarie Rojas, IPM Scout, is reporting that aphids are getting going on Liriodendron and Quercus alba this week in Montgomery County. Marie also saw many lacewing eggs and larvae present that will feed on the aphids.

This lacewing larva has plenty of aphids to eat on this oak leafPhoto: Marie Rojas, IPM Scout

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Bagworms

We received a report of bagworm hatch in Maryland this week. Marie Rojas, IPM Scout, found them hatching on evergreens in Gaithersburg on June 15. In Midland, VA, Steve Shaffer found bagworms on a red oak. Over the winter he noted that he pulled bags off of hackberry and Japanese maples. Check where you have infestations or susceptible plants such as arborvitae, spruce and Leyland cypress. Bagworms are also found on deciduous trees and herbaceous plants, but the damage is usually less evident. Control: It is best to control bagworm larvae while they are still small. Check to make sure eggs have hatched before making any treatments. Bt (Dipel, Caterpillar Attack), Spinosad (Conserve) or Acelepyrn will all give good control of young larvae

Oak Slug SawfliesMarie Rojas, IPM Scout, found oak slug sawflies feeding on several species of oak this week. Scarlet oak and pin oak are preferred hosts, but they infest other oaks as well. Look on the foliage for slug sawfly larvae that are slimy, have shorter legs and more than five pairs of prolegs.Control: There are parasites and diseases that help control this pest. Most often control is not necessary, but Conserve would kill the larvae if control is needed.

It is best to control bagworm larvae while they are still smallPhoto: Steve Shaffer

Oak slug sawflies skeletonize leaves as they feedPhoto: Marie Rojas, IPM Scout

Lily AphidsBy: Stanton Gill

Hybrid lilies have made a big hit in the landscape over the last couple of years. The flower display is spectacular in summer. Oriental lilies are the famous, extremely fragrant lilies with very large, outward-facing, flattened flowers. Many landscapers are pairing Oriental lilies with Asiatic lilies for a succession of magnificent blooms from early to mid summer through early fall. Unfortunately there is a pest of lilies that is showing up more often. It is the purplespotted lily aphid, Macrosiphum lilii. As an entomologist I love this insect. It is a bit of a designer-style aphid and one of the more colorful aphids we see in nurseries and landscapes. If you put lily bulbs into your customers’ landscapes, now is the time to monitor for lily aphids. We have several good controls available including Endeavor which is one of the effective stylet blocker insecticides that works well on this aphid. The new Altus I wrote about 3 weeks ago is a new systemic that should also work well on this aphid.

These colorful aphids were found on lilies in a landscapePhoto: Christine Klass

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Beneficial of the WeekBy: Paula Shrewsbury, University of Maryland

Fireflies light up our lives!

A few weeks ago I saw the flashing light from the first fireflies of the season and it made me smile. Most of us have fond memories of catching fireflies as a kid and putting them in glass jars which were kept by the bed to watch during the night. Those were good times! Interestingly, fireflies are also known as lightening bugs, but really are neither bugs nor flies. They are beetles in the order Coleoptera and the family Lampyridae. There are over 2000 known species of fireflies. Fireflies are found in temperate and tropical regions and in the humid regions of the Americas, Asia, and Europe. They are often found in habitats that are wet or damp. Most adult fireflies in the U.S. are about ¾” in length and are active at night. Adults and larvae of many firefly species exhibit bioluminescent – they glow in the dark! Bioluminescence is exhibited by in many organisms such as bacteria, fungi, jellyfish, algae, fish, clams, snails, crustaceans, and of course insects. Many firefly species have special light organs that make the underside of their abdomens light up. The insects take in oxygen and, inside special cells, combine it with a substance called luciferin to produce light. The purpose of this bioluminescence varies. Both males and females emit light that is intermittent or in flashes. The rhythmic flash patterns produced are specific for each species of firefly and vary by sex. It is believed that the flashes are part of a signaling system for attracting mates. After mating adult females lay eggs in the soil. Larvae, which are active in the soil and referred to as glow worms also glow and are believed to glow as a warning signal to predators not to eat them as they are mildly toxic and taste nasty. It is not well known what all adult fireflies feed on but some feed on pollen and nectar and some do not feed at all. Interestingly, in one species of firefly the female mimics the flash pattern of another species to attract the male of the other species. When the male of the other species arrives it then eats it! A surprise for that male! The soil active larvae or glow worms are predators and known to feed on slugs, snails, worms, and other soil-dwelling insects. To assist glow worms in their feeding they first inject their prey with a substance that numbs the prey, making it defenseless and easier to consume.

Be sure to help young people you know, and others, enjoy the experience of observing and collecting fireflies. Of release the little lights when you are done! For more information, images, and a video of fireflies go to: http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/bugs/firefly/

Glow worms, larvae of fireflies, live in the soil and are predatorsPhoto: Gerald Lenhard, Louisiana State University, Bugwood.org

Underside view of an adult firefly showing the abdomen where the light organ is located (white segments)Photo by M.J. Raupp, UMD

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Weed of the WeekBy: Chuck Schuster, University of Maryland Extension

Horsenettle, Solanum carolinense, is a perennial weed that is in the nightshade family that is found in the southeastern United States in turf, nursery and landscape settings (Photo 1). Horsenettle can grow to a height of three feet, though most often is found growing to less than twelve inches. The leaves are simple, elliptical in shape, occur on a petiole, and are alternate on the stem. Leaves will have short thorn-like projections on the midrib and petiole (Photo 2). When crushed, the leaves emit an odor similar to a potato. Roots are a deep spreading rhizome. Stems are angled at the nodes (Photo 3), become woody with age, and have thorn-like projections and star-shaped hairs. The flowers are found on a flower stalk, have five white to violet petals, and are star-shaped with a cone-shaped yellow center. The flower stalk also has thorn-like projections. Horsenettle has a one half inch diameter fruit, starting out green and turning yellow that dries to a wrinkled berry containing many small seeds. Similar to clammy groundcherry, yet clammy groundcherry does not have the thorny stems and leaves. Control of horsenettle in turf can be achieved by mowing. Dense turf prevents horsenettle from thriving. In landscapes and nurseries, prevention is important. For plants that do become established, post emergent products containing glyphosate are useful as a spot spray. Selective post emergent products are less than successful in control of this weed and can be problematic in a nursery or landscape setting.

Photo 1 and Photo 2: Horsenettle is a perennial weed in the nightshade familyPhotos: Chuck Schuster, UME

Photo 3: Horsenettle stems are angled at the nodesPhoto: Chuck Schuster, UME

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Plant of the WeekBy: Ginny Rosenkranz, University of Maryland Extension

Mahonia aquifolium, Oregon grape- holly, is a native evergreen with thick, spiny leaves while Mahonia euybracteata ‘Soft Caress’, a naturally occurring plant mutation found in a nursery in Georgia, is almost a total opposite. Oregon grape-holly ‘Soft Caress’ is an evergreen shrub, but instead of thick spiny leaves, the leaves are thin and slender, with thread-like leaflets, looking a bit like bamboo. There are no sharp spines anywhere on this plant! The plant is compact, growing 4-5 feet tall and 3 feet wide, and thrives in partial sun or shade. In the late fall or during the winter, ‘Soft Caress’ sends up spikes of fragrant bright yellow flowers that rise above the slender foliage. The flowers mature into the blue frosted berries in mid-summer. The plant prefers to grow in moist, organically rich, slightly acidic soils that are well drained in USDA zones 7-10. Occasional pests include aphids, scale, whitefly, leaf spots and rust.

Degree Days (As of June 14)

Annapolis Naval Academy (KNAK) 1254 Baltimore, MD (KBWI) 1124 College Park (KCGS) 1115 Dulles Airport (KIAD) 1183Ellicott City (E247) 1088 Fairfax, VA (D4092) 1295Frederick (KFDK) 1148 Greater Cumberland Reg (KCBE) 1088 Gaithersburg (KGAI) 1073 Martinsburg, WV (C1672) 1025Natl Arboretum.Reagan Natl (KDCA) 1451 Rockville (C2057) 1320 Salisbury/Ocean City (KSBY) 1160 St. Mary’s City (St. Inigoes, MD-KNUI) 1333 Westminster (KDMW) 1205

Important Note: We are now using the Online Phenology and Degree-Day Models site. Use the following information to calculate GDD for your site: Select your location from the mapModel Category: All models Select Degree-day calculatorThresholds in: Fahrenheit F Lower: 50 Upper: 95Calculation type: simple average/growing dds Start: Jan 1

Mahonia euybracteata ‘Soft Caress’ does not have sharp spinesPhoto: Ginny Rosenkranz, UME

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Mark Your Calendars! University of Maryland Turfgrass Research Field Day

Come get pesticide and professional fertilizer applicator recertification credits while seeing cutting edge university research.

Wednesday July 12, 2017 from 12PM to 5PMPaint Branch Turfgrass Research Farm

395 Greenmead DriveCollege Park, MD 20740

Registration is Free to Members of the Following State Organizations

REGISTRATION AND SCHEDULE INFO AThttp://psla.umd.edu/news/university-maryland-turfgrass-research-field-day

Get a jumpstart on education credits for the next year and share a great meal with friends and colleagues

8 - MD Pesticide Credits (Categories 3A, 3C, 6, and 10)2 - MD Professional Fertilizer Applicator Credits

The information given herein is supplied with the understanding that no discrimination is intended and no endorsement by University of Maryland Extension is implied.

CONTRIBUTORS:

University of Maryland Extension programs are open to all citizens without regard to race, color, gender, disability, religion, age, sexual orientation, marital or parental status, or national origin.

Thank you to the Maryland Arborist Association, the Landscape Contractors Association of MD, D.C. and VA, the Maryland Nursery and Landscape Association, Professional Grounds Management Society, and FALCAN for your

financial support in making these weekly reports possible.

Photos are by Suzanne Klick or Stanton Gill unless stated otherwise.

Stanton GillExtension Specialist

sgill@umd.edu410-868-9400 (cell)

Paula Shrewsbury Extension Specialistpshrewsb@umd.edu

Ginny RosenkranzExtension Educatorrosnkrnz@umd.edu

Chuck SchusterExtension Educator

cfs@umd.edu

Karen Rane Plant Pathologistrane@umd.edu

Andrew RistveyExtension Specialistaristvey@umd.edu

David ClementPlant Pathologist

clement@umd.edu

Nancy HardingFaculty Research

Assistant

Commercial Horticulture Conferences

MNLGA Nursery Field DayJune 29, 2017Location: Ruppert Nurseries, Laytonsville, MDRegistration Information

PGMS Green Industry Field Day July 20, 2017 American University, Washington DC

Green Industry Summer PicnicAugust 19, 2017Location: Just This Side of Paradise Farm, Woodbine, MDRegistration Information