Date post: | 19-Oct-2014 |
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Travel |
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S Our DIMINISHING tourism environment
S Revisiting sustainability PRINCIPLES
S 25 year SCAN of a ‘modest’ adaption of sustainability
S URGENT: Strengthen all sustainable tourism training + education
S A COMMITTMENT to developing an individual ‘Culture of Sustainability”
ONGOING: Depleting of ALL our natural resources
S Excessive water consumption: S Global accommodation onsite demand: 5 trillion liters (5 billion m3) or 1.3
trillion gallons/year (2013)
S Global warming (Tourism is 5% of global CO2 emissions)
S Loss of biodiversity and ecosystem integrity
S Water Degradation: industrial contamination
S Desertification and Deforestation S loss of topsoil (industrial agriculture)
S Toxic chemicals: VOC, cleaners, solvents, glues
S TOURISM GROWTH (Volume) S Double international arrivals by 2030 S 200 million additional outbound 8+ billion domestic
Chinese trips by 2020 S Expansion of BRICS outbound tourism S 35,000 new aircraft (21,000 for fleet expansion) by 2030
S INCREASED VISITOR EXPECTATIONS S Bigger swimming pools, S More 4 and 5 star properties S Embedded water requirements (food, plastics, etc)
S “there was only one consideration to take into account. Don’t look at the matter from your own point of view. I don’t look at this matter from the way those living in the village now will be affected. Look at it from the point of view of our grandchildren”; ‘The Compassionate Universe’ by Egnath Eswaran, page 53
S “we do not inherit from our ancestors, we borrow it from our children”; Haida Elder/Chief Seattle
S “Humanity has the ability to make (tourism) development sustainable – to ensure that it meets the needs of the present (tourists and tourism businesses) without compromising the ability of future generations (tourists and tourism businesses) to meet their own needs”.
-- World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987.
From the: ‘Encyclopedia of Tourism and Hospitality’, Chapter 3: ‘Developing Sustainable Tourism’ J. MacGregor, Van Norstrand Reinholt Publishing, NYC, NY, 1993
S PRINCIPLE 1: Limit tourism impact on the planet (global) and the region (local) to a level that is within its carrying-capacity. S Minimize tourist consumption of raw materials and energy S 2 star properties consume less than 3/4/5 star S Water management and conservation: can cut water consumption 40%
S PRINCIPLE 2: Maintain the stock of biological wealth in the region. S Conserve ‘Life support services’ and the processes that allow life to be
productive, resilient and adapt to tourism impacts S Maintain chemical balance, recycle nutrients, water/air pollution free S Manage supply chain for sustainability and diversity
S PRINCIPLE 3: Minimize the depletion of non-renewable resources. S Tourism is a consumer of plastics, metals, fossil fuels, and water S Integrate recycling and composting into all operations
S PRINCIPLE 4: Promote long-term [sustainable] economic development that increases the benefits from a given stock of resources and maintains or grows natural wealth. S Promote new technologies; solar/wind/ batteries/engines S Operations must charge the full price of resource use and damage;
consumption tax, surcharge S Integrating value-added products by improving and diversifying
product lines
S PRINCIPLE 5: Provide for an equitable distribution of the benefits and costs of resource use and sustainable management. S Benefits spread across gender, age [intergenerational], class/
culture and physical/visual ability S Ensure adequate training and access to all required sustainable
management skills S PRINCIPLE 6: Provide for effective participation of
communities and interest groups in the decisions that most affect them and their environment. S Participation of all community members and special interest groups S Ensure commitment to sustainable planning,
development, management and operations
S PRINCIPLE 7: Promote the values that encourage others to achieve sustainability. S Provide leadership, transfer knowledge, create awareness
and demonstrate a sustainability ethic S Promote responsibility across the entire tourism supply chain
S PRINCIPLE 8: Establish a ‘sustainability culture and knowledge base’ throughout all levels of tourism education and training S Integrate CORE curriculum environmental awareness and
sustainability principles in tourism institutions worldwide S Educate on application of technologies and techniques
S 1990, Canada’s : ‘An Action Plan for Sustainable Tourism Policies’, ecoplan:net S Evening brainstorming session (5 hours, 8 international experts S Areas of Responsibility; i) Government ii) Tourism Industry,
iii) NGOs and iv) Tourism Education Institutions S 5 Sustainability Themes:
S Integrated planning and management S Social and economic benefits; fair trade, equity, local hiring, SME S Cultural and traditional Heritage conservation and enhancement S Sustainability education and awareness S Biodiversity protection and enhancement; water,
energy, waste management, hazardous materials,
S 1994; The Bahamas Sustainable Tourism Development Policies and Implementation Strategy, ecoplan:net S Issues particular to small island States; inefficient water use, cruise ship
dumping, litter and marine debris, high level of imports, illegal fishing S 32 Policies and Action Plan:
S Planning, EIA, public consultation, intergenerational and gender equity, local involvement and benefits
S Marketing and Green Management, energy and water conservation, hazardous waste, purchasing procedures, etc.
S Heritage protection and restoration S Research, audits and monitoring S Marine Debris reduction, enforcement
S Winner; Green Globe Achievement Award: WTTC
S 1996: Republic of Palau Sustainable Tourism Policies ecoplan:net
S 1992; Clayoquot Sound (BC) Area Sustainable Tourism Development Master Plan (Canada’s First), ecoplan:net
S 1995-2002: a) National Ecotourism Master Plans S Australia (1994), Botswana (2002), Bulgarie (2002), Philippines
(2005), Laos, Bhutan, Vietnam (1999 - 2004), Ecuador (2002)
S b) Regional/State and National Parks Strategies, ecoplan:net
S Province of Saskatchewan Ecotourism Master Plan, Canada S Brasov County (Agrotourism) Strategy: Romania S Retezat National Park Sustainable Tourism, Romania) S Province de Chtouka Aït Baha (Morocco)
S 1992-96: Ecotourism Planning, Product Development + Marketing Workshop: Banff Center for Management/ecoplan:net
S 1994-95 Commonwealth Caribbean Sustainable Tourism + Green Management Workshop Series, Commonwealth Secretariat, Bahamas Ministry of Tourism/ecoplan:net S WINNER: Green Globe Achievement Award (1996)
S 1994-1996 Brazil Ecotourism and Sustainable Tourism Workshop Series, Conservation International/ecoplan:net
S 2002 Morocco Sustainable Rural Tourism Workshops, USAID and Chemonics International/ecoplan:net
S (A) Generated more than 120 Ecotourism/Green Certification Programs S Costa Rican Tourism Board (ICT): Certification for Sustainable
Tourism Program - CST S Québec Marine Ecotourism Certification (2001) S Australia Nature Tourism + Ecotourism Accreditation Program (2002) S Romania Ecotourism Standards and Certification (2006) USAID S Egypt Ministry of Tourism: Green Star Hotel Certification Programme S Ecotourism Ireland S Chile: National System for Distinction in Sustainable tourism
S (B) Organization or Association Programs S STEP Eco-Certification: Sustainable Tourism International S Global Sustainable Tourism Criteria S European Ecotourism Labeling Standard (EETLS) S Rainforest Alliance Standard for Tourism Operations S Green Globe, S Green Key, S EarthCheck S Center for Ecotourism and Sustainable Development S Japan Ecolodge Association
S Botswana Green, Green Plus and Ecotourism Certification Program, ecoplan:net S Based on Ecotourism Certification Feasibility Study
S Expansion of a proposed ‘ecotourism certification program’ to include Green and Green + standards
S Ecotourism Best Practices Guidelines Manual and Technical Standards Manual
S Accommodation Operator Handbook S Validation by 350 accommodation suppliers S Eventually integrated into Quality Assurance Standards
S WINNER: 2010 Tourism for Tomorrow Award
S Bahamas National Guide Sustainable Tourism Certification Program (2010) ecoplan:net
S 3 tier Guide Certification (entry, premiere and master) S Birdwatching, Sea Kayaking, Fly-fishing
S Sustainable tourism standards, technical knowledge S Training Manuals and Workshops S Assessor Training Workshop and Support Materials S On Island Guide Train-the Trainer Program
S The Knowledge, Network, Education, and Training (KNET) Working Group S Identifying educational materials
Star Grading
Programs
Quality Assurance
Responsible Tourism
Universal Accessibility
S Morocco Rural Tourism (Accommodation and Restaurant) Quality Assurance + Ecotourism Certification Program ecoplan:net
S Local operator awareness program S Training of local assessors S Marketing support (web site, FAM Trips, etc.)
S Winner: 2009 Tourism for Tomorrow Award
S Southern Africa Harmonized Accommodation Star Grading Program (2009 – 2011) ecoplan:net
S 250 Quality Assurance, 60 responsible tourism, 40 accessible/inclusive tourism standards
S Mandatory by 2016 S Cooperative Management Structure and
Marketing program (RETOSA and Member states) S Endorsed by 14 Ministers of Tourism
S Kingdom of Lesotho QUALStar Accommodation Grading Program IESC/ecoplan:net S Revised Minimum Requirements for a business license
S Composting, linen policy, low flow restrictors, CFL’s S Accessible parking and entrance, trained staff
S Stakeholder Sensitization Workshops (95% attendance) S 15 day Assessor + 3 day Master assessor training program S 350 standards across 6 accommodation categories S Website and Communication Strategy S I2 Pilot Assessments S Awards Committee Training
S CURRENT GLOBAL SITUATION: S Despite 25 years of policies, plans, and certification programs;
65% of North American and 85% of worldwide hotels practice little or no sustainability initiatives.
S 1 trillion gallons (5 trillion liters) of water untreated/year (2015) S Millions of liters of untreated toxic chemicals (cleaners, plastics)
from accommodation and restaurant sectors/year S 80% accommodation managers (GM, F + B, CFO, operations, etc.)
have little knowledge of sustainability practices
S URGENT GLOBAL SOLUTION S Worldwide expansion of compulsory sustainability training in ALL
tourism and hospitality management programs S Distribute sustainable tourism techniques and practices
to private sector tourism suppliers
S All Tourism Technical, College and Universities S Shift from elective courses to core program S Respond to current and future demand for sustainable
awareness and knowledge S Policies, Programs, Practices, Processes S In house training for current hospitality managers and tourism
planners
S Create International Tourism Educators Sustainability Task Force
S Accommodation and Attraction Supplier Workshops S 2-3 day workshops that introduce suppliers to:
S Introduce resource depletion issues facing the industry S Demonstrate Techniques and Technologies associated with
sustainable operations S Waste management, water conservation, CO2 reduction
Community project contribution, purchasing policies S Performing internal audits; Water, Waste, Energy, etc.
S Prepare 3-year Corporate Green Management Strategy and Action Plan S Use of Green Management Planning Workbook
Sustainable Tourism Policies and Plans, Ecotourism Strategies, Facility Certification and Grading programs
Sustainable tourism as a CORE program Integrating sustainability into all courses content Training faculty in sustainability
2-3 day intensive workshops Develop Company Green Management Strategy + Action Plan
Going beyond sustainable tourism training and certification to:
Develop a ‘Culture of Sustainability’ in your life, your home and your workplace