Tracking Using RFID

BY: HIMANSHU SAXENACS-6A

IILM-CET, GR. NOIDA

INTRODUCTION TO RFID

• Radio Frequency Identification: Technology that uses radio-frequency waves to transfer data between a reader and a movable item to identify, categorize, track...

• RFID is fast, reliable, and does not require physical sight or contact between reader/scanner and the tagged item

REINVENTING THE BARCODES

• RFID tags are an improvement over bar codes because the tags have read and write capabilities.

• Data stored on RFID tags can be changed, updated and locked.

Few Disadvantage of Barcodes:1. In order to keep up with inventories, companies must scan

each bar code on every box of a particular product.2. Going through the checkout line involves the same process of

scanning each bar code on each item.3. Bar code is a read-only technology, meaning that it cannot

send out any information.

DEVELOPMENT OF RFID CONCEPT

Don’t Shoot! We are British

Plane on the right is foe

First use of RFID device – 2nd world war – Brittan used RFID-like technology for Identify- Friend or Foe

First RFID Patent - 1973

Auto-ID center founded at MIT – 1999 Standardization effort taken over by EPC Global (Electronic Product Code)

The plane on the left is friend

COMPONENTS OF RFID SYSTEM

• Tags - These are the heart of an RFID system, because they store the information that describes the object being tracked. Specific object information is stored in the memory of tags and is accessed via the radio signal of RFID readers.

• Readers and Antennas - RFID readers are devices that convert radio waves from RFID tags into a form that can be passed to middleware software. An RFID tag reader uses antennas to communicate with the RFID chip. There are a variety of different readers as follows :

1. Handheld readers 2. RFID readers embedded into mobile data collection devices. 3. Fixed readers

• Middleware - Middleware software or applications are needed to manage the flow of data from readers and send the data to back-end management systems. RFID middleware assist with the following:

1. Retrieving data from readers. 2. Filtering data feeds to application software. 3. Generating inventory movement notifications. 4. Monitoring tag and reader network performance. 5. Capturing history.

VARIOUS TAGS• Inductively Coupled RFID tags: Were complex systems of metal coils, antennae and

glass. Inductively coupled RFID tags were powered by a magnetic field generated by the RFID reader.

• Capacitively Coupled RFID tags: Were created next in an attempt to lower the technology's cost. These were meant to be disposable tags that could be applied to less expensive merchandise and made as universal as bar codes.

Basic Types:Active • Tag transmits radio signal• Battery powered memory, radio & circuitry• High Read Range (300 feet)

Passive• Tag reflects radio signal from reader• Reader powered• Shorter Read Range (4 inches - 15 feet)

TALKING TAGS

APPLICATIONS OF RFID

• People Tracking: Hospitals and jails are most general tracking required places. Hospital uses RFID tags for tracking their special patients. Many jails of different US states like Michigan, California, and Arizona are already using RFID-tracking systems to keep a close eye on jail inmates.

• Document Tracking: Availability of large amount of data and documents brings lots of problem in document management system.

• Healthcare: Patient safety is a big challenge of healthcare . Reducing medication errors, meeting new standards, staff shortages, and reducing costs are the plus points of use of RFID solutions. RFID wristbands containing patient records and medication history address several of these concerns.

• Manufacturing : RFID technology provides an easy way to manage a huge and laborious manufacturing process. This type of process helps in better analysis, reduced time in locating parts and products and production process based sensors can be installed to alert any anomalies.

ADVANTAGES• RFID tags are very simple to

install/inject inside the body of animals, thus helping to keep a track on them.

• The RFID tags can store data up to 2 KB.

• RFID technology cannot be easily replicated and therefore, it increases the security of the product.

DISADVANTAGES• It is difficult for an RFID reader to

read the information in case of RFID tags installed in liquids and metal products.

• RFID technology has been referred to as invasive technology.

• Many countries have different range of frequencies that allow RFID tags to function.

CONCLUSION

• RFID technology can be the next tool for success and management of various businesses. With more research, the flaws and limitations of this technology can be removed.

• This will make RFID technology very useful for diverse sectors like retail, transport and jewelry businesses.

• RFID MARKET

? ? ? ?ANY QUESTIONS RELATED TO RFID?

THANK YOU !

ELECTRONIC PRODUCT CODE

COMPONETS ALTOGETHER

RFID MARKET GROWTH RATE