Training the Training the Trainer Trainer

Outcomes-Based Outcomes-Based EducationEducationByBy

Dr Malik ZabenDr Malik Zaben

Do we need an outcome-Do we need an outcome-based approach?based approach?

What is outcome-based What is outcome-based education?education?

A performance-based approach at A performance-based approach at the cutting edge of curriculum the cutting edge of curriculum development and offers powerful development and offers powerful way of changing and managing way of changing and managing medical education medical education

It requires:It requires:

1.1. Statement of learning outcomesStatement of learning outcomes

2.2. Decisions about the curriculum Decisions about the curriculum

Benefits of OBEBenefits of OBE

Highlights the competencies to be achievedHighlights the competencies to be achieved Is necessary given the rapid advances in Is necessary given the rapid advances in

health scienceshealth sciences Ensures consideration is given to important Ensures consideration is given to important

topics that otherwise may be neglectedtopics that otherwise may be neglected Emphasizes accountability and transparencyEmphasizes accountability and transparency Points students in the right directionPoints students in the right direction Provides the basis for allocation of Provides the basis for allocation of

resourcesresources

Ensures the assessment is more Ensures the assessment is more validvalid

Provides continuityProvides continuity Flags up problems in the curriculumFlags up problems in the curriculum Help teacher select the topicsHelp teacher select the topics Enables curricula to be compared Enables curricula to be compared

Benefits of OBEBenefits of OBE

Specifying learning Specifying learning outcomesoutcomes

It is the first step in implementing It is the first step in implementing learning outcomeslearning outcomes

The driving body (GMC in the UK)The driving body (GMC in the UK) Specific to the context of the countrySpecific to the context of the country Can be shared across geographical Can be shared across geographical

bordersborders A top-down and a bottom-up activityA top-down and a bottom-up activity

StakeholdersStakeholders

University staffUniversity staff Hospital practitionersHospital practitioners General practitionersGeneral practitioners Recent graduatesRecent graduates StudentsStudents All health care professionals (nurse/ All health care professionals (nurse/

health allied)health allied) Employers Employers Patients and the publicPatients and the public

ApproachesApproaches

A clinical incidence surveyA clinical incidence survey Studies of error in practiceStudies of error in practice Task analysisTask analysis Study of existing curriculaStudy of existing curricula Interviews with recent graduatesInterviews with recent graduates

Communicating learning Communicating learning outcomes outcomes

The CANMEDS Physician The CANMEDS Physician Competency Framework Competency Framework

Implementing and Implementing and outcome-based approachoutcome-based approach

OBE implementation OBE implementation inventoryinventory