May 1, 2023 1

TRANS - ATLANTIC TUNNEL

PRESENTED BY,AISWARYA.A. KUMAR

Roll no :1Reg no:1205761

GUIDED BY: Ms.AISWARYA. K .LALAJI

54 MINUTESNEWYORK LONDON

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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

KEEP IN POSITION HINDRANCE AND COMPARISON CONCLUSION

PATH HISTORY FACILITIES

CONSTRUCTION

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WHAT IS TRANSATLANTIC???

• Theoretical high speed tunnel spanning Atlantic between Newyork and London.

• Reaches destination in just 54 min.

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PATHRoute depends on :

FACTORS

SAFETY

COST

Earlier proposed path passes through Canada,Greenland ,Iceland and Norway.Practical path 3100 mile undersea.

Canada

Greenland

Norway

Iceland

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TIMELINE1895 Jules .Verne suggested idea

1888 Ernst .G. Frankel proposed idea

1935 Film named “Trans -atlantic” released

1972 Harry. Harison wrote science fiction

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FACILITIES PROVIDED

TRACKS

EASTWARD WESTWARD AUXILLIARY

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Power and communication• Power provided by generators to

substations in tunnel• Service tube provides power and

communication

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Safety• Massive GPS monitors tunnel

as well as its entire cables• For any shift in seafloor

automated system get works by retensioning of cables

• Sensors watch problems and computers would be in disaster mode

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Change in speedPassenger discomfort causedSolutionsa) Use pivoting

/rotating seatsb) Airlock

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Fire

• Most concerned problem faced by tunnel engineer

• Massive suppression systems installed

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MATERIALS OF TRANSATLANTIC

Outer skin

Super buoyant foam

Concrete interior

• Made of stainless steel

Steel

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Have a look on how it would be built???

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METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION

A)IMMERSION TUNNEL

1) Tunnel section Tunnel sections would be made in

Holland factories Concrete is poured and made to set Each 300 foot long section consumes

30,000 tonnes of steel and concrete 54,000 sections needed for trans -

atlantic

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Cont…

2) Moved to sea Each section

sealed tight with steel buckells at each end

Dry dock flooded and massive tubes towed to sea

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Contd…

3)Keep in position Immersion pontoon carry

each section directly above its position in underwater

It is partially flooded cause it to sink

Divers place sections in right place

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Contd…

4)Join different sections Lining done on each joint Huge rubber gaskets used

Above method was used in construction of BART

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B)SUBMERGED FLOATING TUNNEL Transatlantic would be seen 150 -300 m below surfaceAdvantages1. Deep enough to avoid interference2. Avoid high pressure resistance at bottom3. Feasible Firstly proposed in Norway

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o VAC TRAINForces that reduce speed a) Friction(Maglev)b) Airresistance(Vaglev) Vaglev provided by 100 jets working 24

hours for 2 weeks Provides 6400-8000 kmph

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Methods to keep tunnel in position

INSERTION OF PIERS

SUPPORT FROM TOP

SYSTEM IN OIL PLANTS

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• INSERTION OF PIERSPiers are inserted in rivers and streams at

regular intervalActs as underwater bridgeCost is thousands of dollars

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• SUPPORT FROM TOPHuge” floating pontoons”might hold tunnel in position from topAtlantic currents carries100 times water a dayHome to “Gulf stream”

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• SYSTEM IN OIL PLANTUses1. Steel pipes2. Suction anchorsSuction of water creates vaccumWorks on principle of upside pendulum

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Hindrances in construction

• $17 billion- $12 trillion Cost

• Needs steel output of world for entire year

Material availability

• Mid atlantic Ridge is seismically active

• Five earthquakes per dayGeology

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Contd…

• Atlantic is treacherous• Net output of

Nile,Amazon,MississipiWeather

• Steel cables should be strong against harsh ocean Stability

• Needs a century to completeTime

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Compare TAT with winners in Sea and Air

FEATURES TRANSATLANTIC CONCORD BLUERIBAND

Speed 6400-8000 kmph

2179 kmph 47.15 knots

Time 52 min 3 hours 3 days 15 hours 25 min

Passenger Capacity

100 1500

Fuel used Uses electricity Jet A-1 Energy efficient

Intial Cost $17 billion- $13 trillion

$ 7 million $ 173.3 million

Accidents Paris Incident Weather,Collided with ice berg

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CONCLUSION

If ever built transatlantic tunnel would be massive construction project in human history

It is an idea for which every civil engineer must be proud of.

The words of Frank Davison” Trans –atlantic is not beyond reach of modern science and technology” reveals it can happen in near future

The main hindrances are time and cost

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REFERENCES

• Harry Harrison(1972):’Tunnel through Deep’,Analog Magazine,April issue

• Taylor and Francis :’Journal of Transatlantic Studies’,2002

• Vaccum tube train by Carl Hoffman,April 13,2004• University of Nairobi(2012),’Student

Engineer’,September-October 2012

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