Done by Hong En, Cherie, Putri and Leonard

-Blood transports oxygen and nutrients from the lungs and the digestive tract to body cells.

-It carries away carbon dioxide and other waste products that the body does not need.

Keeps body at the right temperature Carries hormones to the body’s cells Sends antibodies to fight infection Helps blood clotting and heal body tissues

Slide s 2-3 made by H

ong E n

THE COMPONENTS OF BLOOD AND THEIR FUNCTIONS Plasma Fluid part of blood Carries carbon dioxide, hormones and waste

Red blood cells Contain haemoglobin which carries oxygen Made in the bone marrow.

White blood cells Produce antibodies and destroy harmful microorganisms Made in the bone marrow

Platelets

Clump together to form clots to protect the body

Blood VesselsThere are three blood vessels. The artery, vein and capillary.Blood vessels are hollow tubes which transfers blood to all

parts of the body.

Arterythe Artery consists of three lAyers. the

outer tissue, the musculAr middle And the inner epitheliAl cell.

the Artery cArries blood rich in oxygen to the cApillAries for the exchAnge of oxygen to cArbon dioxide.

you cAn use it to meAsure heArt beAts And blood pressure becAuse it expAnds And contrActs.

VeinThe vein, similar to the Artery, has three layers. However, the outer layer

is thinner.The vein has lesser pressure than the artery, so it is weaker than the

artery.The vein contains waste- rich blood as it absorbs gas from the capillaries

after the exchange of oxygen to carbon dioxide.The vein contains a vein valve which pushes blood up against gravity.

CapillariesUnlike the artery and the vein, the capillaries have

only one layer. Which is only one epithelial cell thick.It exchanges air from oxygen to other waste

products.

Slide s 1, 5-8 a nd 11 made by Leonard

THE STRUCTURE OF ARTERIES, VEINS AND CAPILLARIES THEIR FUNCTIONS

Arteries

  Carry blood away from the heart (always oxygenated) Have thick muscular walls Have small passageways for blood (internal lumen)

(central cavity of a hollow structure in an organism or a cell) Contain blood under high pressure

 

  Veins

Carry blood to the heart (always de-oxygenated) Have thin walls Have larger internal lumen Contain blood under low pressure

  Capillaries

Found in the muscles and lungs Microscopic – one cell thick Very low blood pressure Gas exchange takes place

Slid e 4 an

d 9 mad e by C

herie

http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/images2/261gasexchange.jpg

http://www.daviddarling.info/images/blood_clotting.gif Picture in slide 5 made by Leonard with the help of

http://www.botany.uwc.ac.za/sci_ed/grade10/manphys/images/fig4a.gif

Picture in Slide 1 made by Leonard with the help of http://www.heartzine.com/diagrams/circulatory-system.jpg

Thank you from: