Transportation

1925 survey: 21 of 26 families who owned cars did not have bathtubs with running water.

“You can’t ride to town in a bathtub”

Increased prosperity due to mass production, better standard of living due to decreased working hours

Early changes for America

More mobility and freedom for young people

Suburban development

Increased demand for oil

More industrial development

How did the automobile help other industries grow? Which were most affected?

How did the car change people’s lives?

Henry Ford Credited with

development of assembly line

Ability to mass-produce affordable cars

Employees who built cars could afford to buy them

Post-WWII EraIncrease in American’s buying power

1940-1950

Prosperity! Income of the

average American family nearly tripled

Improved technology enabled nation to produce more and raise standard of living

Increase in disposable income Second car is symbol

of status Average cost of new

car? $2,845

As more and more people can afford automobiles, interstate roads are developed which also help in commercial shipping and trucking Distribution of goods becomes much quicker By 1990s, trucks move more than 6 billion tons

of goods by interstate highway

Cars and Trucks

What do you see along the highway?

Interstate travel encouraged the development of cheap hotel chains, roadside convenience stores and fast food restaurants by interstate exits

Rise of Suburbs

Interstate highways also contributed to growth of suburbs and urban sprawl

People were able to commute long distances to work

By 1950s, suburbs accounted for 85% of new home construction

Why? Escape congestion and crime of cities, seeking the “American Dream”

Affordability—average cost of home is $19,500

Other impacts

In the early 1900s, the car was such an oddity that in Vermont the law required a driver to send someone 1/8 of a mile ahead with a red flag

The first ‘shopping center’ was built in Kansas city in 1922

“Riddle: What’s college? That’s where girls who are above cooking and sewing go to meet a man they can spend their lives cooking and sewing for.” ad for department store

“If the television craze continues with the present level of programs, we are destined to have a nation of morons.” David Marsh

Do you agree with the last quote? Discuss in pods and come up with 4 reasons for or against, then we’ll share.

Fun 1950s quotes!

1. cool a. dull person, outsider 2. hang loose b. worthy of approval 3. hairy c. formidable 4. yo-yo d. don’t worry

Answers: 1. b, 2. d, 3. c, 4. a

Match up this 1950 lingo in your pod

In what ways did interstate highway system change daily life?

What are some positives and negatives of suburban sprawl?

Where would you like to live when you ‘grow up’?

Review

Beginning in the 1920s, new innovations changed the way Americans lived

Electric motors were applied to items like washers, dryers, food mixers and refrigerators

New Industries

Changes for the Middle Class

How could something like the refrigerator change lives?

How could the vacuum cleaner affect time during the day?

Leisure Time

In 1900, closest thing to a movie was a ‘nickelodeon’

By 1929, 1 million tickets were beingSold every week!

Radio! First broadcast in

1920, ran election results from the Harding-Cox Elections

By 1929, 4 million radios were being made each year!

http://youtu.be/nRp2u8d7lrg

Advertising these products

Buying on Credit became popular

Buy Now, Pay Later How are products

advertised?

Tactics: envy of peers or neighbors, link a product to a famous person or attractive person, convince consumers they need the product

Expert Opinion

Easy Credit

30-day trials

Activity

In your pod, discuss an ad everyone has seen before

What tactics are used?

Is it effective? What types of ads are

most effective?

Are ads directed towards children ‘fair’?

Why or Why not/

Weapon Technologya. atomic weapons

b. social and political consequences

c. effect of weapons on everyday life

Manhattan Project: secret plan to develop the atomic weapon in America.

U.S. used atomic bombs in 1945 in Japan, first in Hiroshima and 3 days later in Nagasaki

WWII ended in 1945 Cold War between U.S. and Soviet Union

began shortly after

Weapons

Soviet Development

The Soviet Union successfully conducted its first atomic bomb test in 1949.

To counter this development, the U.S. developed the hydrogen bomb, a weapon far more powerful than the atomic bomb.

New scientific weapons technology began to develop

1952: U.S. tests First Hydrogen Bomb Hydrogen bomb uses the extremely high

temperature and pressure created by an atomic explosion to start a nuclear fusion reaction. The destructive power of this hydrogen bomb was about 10 megatons, making it about 700 times more powerful than the bomb dropped on Hiroshima.

Video Clip!!!

http://www.watchknowlearn.org/Video.aspx?VideoID=10813 (mutually-assured destruction)

Bomb Shelters Due to the Cold War and

fears of nuclear attack the federal government responded to heightened public anxiety by creating the Federal Civil Defense Administration to instruct the public about how to prepare for a nuclear assault. The Eisenhower administration distributed information to educate Americans about how they could protect themselves.

Survival literature was written primarily for a suburban audience, since it was assumed that cities would be targets and most urban dwellers would not survive.

A basic fallout shelter consists of a shelter that reduces gamma-ray exposure.

Where a shelter was not available, any barrier would have to do, even a school desk or a kitchen table. Students practiced drills called "duck and cover" to prepare for the possibility of a nuclear attack. Private homes and public buildings had fallout shelters that were stocked with canned goods and other necessities..

Drilling for nuclear war became a part of life's routine in the 1950s and like fire drills today in the schools was taken very seriously.

What do you need in a shelter?

Government exhibit hall at a fair. Learn about fallout shelters then eat a funnel cake!

Need: food, trash can, water jug, reading material, etc.

Video created by the U.S. Government to teach schoolchildren about what to do in case of a nuclear attack.

This strategy would help against glass, debris and maybe some radiation, but not much.

Duck and cover is still taught as a response to earthquakes and tornadoes.

http://archive.org/details/DuckandC1951

Duck and Cover

Senator Joseph McCarthy claimed to have a list of people within the State Department that were…Communists!!!!

It was against the backdrop of the Cold War that the threat of internal subversion began to preoccupy Congress.

McCarthyism & the Red Scare

Anticommunism dominated the political debates and the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) was established in 1938 to monitor disloyalty to the United States government and was made a permanent committee in 1945. HUAC investigators probed whether Communists played an active role in the labor movement, the movie industry, and the executive departments of the government.

http://www.watchknowlearn.org/Video.aspx?VideoID=14896

McCarthy manipulated the workings of the government committee with sweeping accusations of communist activity in the executive branch.

His 1954 probe of the U.S. Army lead to his downfall.

The Army-McCarthy hearings were televised nationally, and the public recoiled from McCarthy's bullying tactics.

He was censured by the Senate and died in 1957.

McCarthy sent a 7 page telegram to President Truman about how many communists were in the Government. This is Truman’s reply.

Letter from Pres. Truman to McCarthy

By Dr. Suess

Published 1958

Yertle the Turtle

Read the story, and take notes on anything you see in the story that could be a criticism of the government or society. You can apply it to any period in history since 1958. We will discuss on Monday. This is also online if you need to look again.

Retail

Economic Growth! Booming real estate and stock markets and

a revolution in retail sales New approach to selling goods greatly

reduced prices Discount retailers sell large quantities of

goods at low prices, trying to ‘turn over’ inventory in short period of time

1980s

What other entrepreneur that we have studied recently also had this business model?

A: Henry Ford! (Sold lots of cars at low prices!)

Question!

Sam Walton, founder of Wal-Mart.

Developed a new distribution system to rapidly resupply his stores. Used a computer database to track inventory and sales. By 1985, he was richest person in the U.S.

Other discount stores?

Kmart, Wal-Mart, and Target.

Home Depot and Best Buy were all founded in the 1960s and became highly successful in the 1980s.

My favorite section of Best Buy

Wal-Mart: case study

Discounters such as Kmart quickly expanded in the 1960s, but Sam Walton (founder of …Wal-Mart) only had enough money to build 15 Wal-Mart stores

In 1972, Wal-Mart stock was offered for the first time on the New York Stock Exchange.

With this infusion of capital, the company grew to 276 stores in 11 states by the end of the decade.

What other business has recently 'gone public'?

Facebook! (remember Flocabulary)--sidenote

Question

By 1989, there were 1,402 Wal-Mart stores and 123 Sam’s Club locations.

Employment had increased tenfold.

Sales had grown from $1 billion in 1980, to $26 billion.

Now, The 21st century – one of the most successful retailers in the world

Wal-Mart Today

Today, 10,130 stores and club locations in 27 countries employ 2.2 million associates, serving more than 176 million customers a year.

Our history is a perfect example of how to manage growth without losing sight of your values. Our most basic value has always been, and always will be, customer service.

Source for past 4 slides: walmartstores.com

Critics of Wal-Mart say

“Buy American" banners are prominently placed throughout its stores; however, the majority of its goods are made outside the U.S. and often in sweatshops. (pbs.org)

Wal-Mart is also cited as a contributor the culture of consumerism in America.

What could that mean—what is consumerism?

In your pods, discuss what you have purchased in the past 2 days.

Make a list—include everything! (gum? Food? McFlurry? Pop Rocks?)

Sharing & discussion

Is America too ‘consumerist’?

How can individuals make a change/affect this if it is?

What is bias?

Story of Stuff http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=9GorqroigqM

Take notes on points you agree or disagree with, bias within the film

In pods—discuss: do you agree or disagree with film’s message? Is it too biased? Does this affect it’s effectiveness?

Home/later activity

Explore this website http://www.pbs.org/w

gbh/pages/frontline/shows/walmart/secrets/

Find 3 fun facts to submit on Wednesday

Facts can be positive or negative.

Computers/Internet New ways of thinking about technology

InnovatorsAffect on American society

Where will computer technology take us in the future?

How do you think your life would be different without

computers, cellphones, internet?

Beginnings

First digital computer went into operation in 1946

Weighed 30 tons, size of small house

Uses: Government (census), Military (strategic defense)

Play music, compile data

Spacewar! First computer game (1962)

http://youtu.be/s1V7jBACLQE

In 1968 Intel created the microprocessor which made computers much faster and smaller.

Using this microprocessor technology Steve Wozniak and 20-year-old Steve Jobs built a small computer called Apple I that was the first practical and affordable home computer.

In 1981 IBM introduced its own personal computer the pc

Harvard dropout Bill Gates founded Microsoft to design PC software. in 1985 Microsoft introduced Windows which enabled pc users to use mouse-activated on screen graphics.

In 1984 Apple created the Macintosh which had a simplified operating system with icons that were manipulated with a mouse.

The home computer

Home computers were a class of microcomputers entering the market in 1977, and becoming common during the 1980s.

Most Americans did not get a home computer until into the 1990s

Computers & Internet

The Internet: not the world wide web or email, those are systems that use the Internet.

The Internet is the physical network of phone lines, cable lines, and wireless communications.

Computers then serve other purposes. What did the internet allow computer uses to do?

Computers soon transformed the workplace, linking employees with in an office or among branches. By the late 1990s workers could use computers and email to telecommute.

What is the advantage of linking employees by computer?

How did this technology affect America?

Digital technology rapidly transformed many consumer products.

Music players cameras, radios, TV and music and video recorders use digital technology.

What digital products do you have with you or in your car today?

In what year were ebay.com and amazon.com founded and registered?

1995! Start of the .com bubble

Question:

The period was marked by the founding (and, in many cases, spectacular failure) of a group of new internet companies commonly referred to as dot-coms.

Companies were seeing their stock prices shoot up if they simply added an ‘e’ prefix to their name and/or a .com to the end

Pets.com a failure

Dot-com businesses1995-2000

Mini Activity

In your pods, create a mock dot-com business.

First choose a product line.

then design a mock up of an Internet web site for their business. (drawing)

Need to inform, persuade, communicate with customers, and sell their products.

10 minute activity, then we will share

Which company do you think would be most successful?

Changes to society

Internet changes society. For many people, the www has become a way to build a sense of community.

People with common interests visit web sites about those interests to interact.

Blogs have led to a renaissance in essay writing and commentary

They enable people to publicly comment on news stories and current events.

They have also helped mobilize people for political or citizen action.

Assignment

Draw for topics Write a blog-style

post about the topic you chose.

Spelling and grammar rules apply, but be creative

Post to Edmodo in class tomorrow

Your post will be read by other American History Honors students.

Minimum 10 sentences (10 points) Correct spelling/grammar (5 points) Creativity/style (10 points) [25 point alt]

Have Fun!

www.amazon.com How does a company use the Internet to

conduct business? What are some features of the site and

functions they serve?

Changes to business and .com success