TRANSPORTATION
INTRODUCTION
TRANSPORT FUNCTIONALITY
Product Movement Product Storage
Principles Economies of Scale Economies of Distance
MODES OF TRANSPORTATION
AIRLINES
Advantages Quickest mode of Transportation Suitable for long distances
Disadvantages Costlier mode of transportation Not Suitable for short Transport small volumes of goods Transports light weighted products High risk involved due to bad weather
conditions.
ROADWAYS
Advantages Flexible Suitable for short and medium distances Serves as initial and final stage of freight
transport Door to door service to Customer Quite speedy
ROADWAYS
Disadvantages Not suitable for long distances Low Capacity More chances of accidents and damages to
goods Unsuitable for very heavy and large size
loads
RAILWAYS
Advantages Economical medium of transportation Suitable for transportation of heavy goods Speed of operation Capability to efficiently transport large
tonnage over long distances.
RAILWAYS
Disadvantages Chances of Accidents are high Not Flexible Not effective for small loads and short
distances Secondary transport is needed
WATERWAYS
Advantages Play major role in international trade Effective method of transporting large
quantities of goods Less costly than air transportation Suitable for long distances and large volume
shipments
WATERWAYS
Disadvantages Not Flexible Not suitable for short distances Risk involved due to bad weather conditions Limited range of operation and low speed
ROPEWAYSAdvantages Transports bulk material over short distance Lower capital cost Ideal for hilly areasDisadvantage Limited scope for operations Slowest mode of transport
PIPELINES
CLASSIFICATION OF CARRIERS Common Carriers Contract Carriers Private Carriers Specialized Carriers
TRANSPORTATION COST
Fixed Cost Variable Cost Joint Cost Common Cost
FACTORS INFLUENCING TRANSPORTATION COSTS AND PRICING
Density Stow ability Ease or difficulty of handling Liability
MIXED MODES
Piggyback Fishy back Birdy Back
RO-RO LASH
MODEL CHARACTERISTICS AND SELECTION
Cost Transit time Safety Reliability Speed