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Treaties
Elizabeth Wells Foreign and International LL
October 2009
Pact Charter Final Act Convention
Constitution(of IO) Agreement
Protocol Covenant Accord Exchange of Notes
Treaty
This session: Sourcing Texts
Are some better than others?
How to do you find the “best”? Library Holdings Major online sources
Reliable alternatives
Some Key ConceptsTreaty research is often not only a
matter of finding an authoritative text
Parties Status / In force Ratification Reservations
Treaty TextsSources of the first rank (OSCOLA)
Consolidated Treaty Series (CTS)
League of Nations Treaty Series (LNTS) United Nations Treaty Series (UNTS) Official treaty series of a State party eg UKTS
For post-1960 treaties not yet in one of above International legal materials (ILM)
CTSConsolidated Treaty Series
Bilateral & Multilateral treaties Coverage 1648-1918 Facsimile reproductions of original text Translations
Although an unofficial publication, this is the most complete historical collection
Shelved at Internat 5 Not available online
CTS Index-Guides Internat 5*
BLACKLABEL
Party Index –Names are
Modern
Cross-refs forHistoric/Colonial
SCARLET GREENLABELs
ChronologicalLists
IncludeArchivalSource
Used for eachTreaty
No Subject Index
Subject Searching
An Index to British Treaties 1100-1968 by Parry & Hopkins
Internat 018 P264a (3 vols) Especially good for pre-19th century V.1 subject index Entries are presented chronologically
Alternatives if UK C19th
British State Papers 1812- Internat 90 Treaty Series of Command Papers
began in 1892
Electronic – try HCPP (House of Commons Parliamentary Papers)
LNTS
League of Nations Treaty Series
Bilateral & Multilateral Coverage 1920-1946 Shelf mark is Internat 10 LN –
shelved from the back of Gallery wing
French & English (also in Index Volumes)
LNTS online
HeinOnline – UN Law Collection (if you are off campus sign into OXLIP+ with your OSS first)
Freely available via UN database but the site is a bit “quirky”!
HeinOnline till Dec 2010
Ignore Treaties and Agreements Library (USA)
For LNTS (& UNTS) click
United Nations Law Collection
If you have LNTS Registration #
Click Search For Treaty
Remember to Deselect
UNTS check box
Click Print/Download
To see text
Other results – details of Ratifications, Accessions of States
Hein’s Scholar Check –through to journal articles on the topic
http://treaties.un.org
1) Click on UN Treaty Series link
2)Click link to Legacy Database (Ignore the LNTS database link)
3) Ignore Basic Search & Click through to Advanced Search screen
ALWAYSEnsure Organization is LN
(middle of advanced search screen)
Advanced Search Screen Options
When searching for LNTS text
Keywords – top of search screen or Registration number – scroll down to
the foot of the search screen
Still no citation search possible
1) Add keywords 2) Select correct “Match …”
Check = LN
Scro
ll do
wn
to
click S
earch
Search Results Results can be sorted by
subject, date of signature/adoption or main titleby using drop down menu.
Click link
Treaty View Text
Link
LNTS Vol. #
Download full text as TIF
Search by LNTS Reg.#
Foot ofAdvanced Search
EnsureOrganization is
LN
Ignore fact search box is called
UN Treaty Reg #
Want to do another LNTS search? Use Reset Form to clear & start again
Summary: to find LNTS e-text
http://treaties.un.org Enter UNTS database “Click here to search the UNTS
legacy database” Click Advanced Search MAKE SURE Organization is LN Use Keywords or Registration # Cannot search by citation
http://treaties.un.org
Home Screen - Click on UN Treaty Series link
Click on LNTS Database Link
QUIRKSOctober 09
Stay BASIC SEARCH
Use only 1 title keyword
Always click Search [do not just Return]
Happiest with IE
Not able to search by citation
eg 15 LNTS 211
BackgroundDetails eg
Full Parties,Dates,
Entry into Force, Ratifications,
Details of Reservations etc
More details via
Scrolling orFootnote links
End Notes
Exact wordingOf
ReservationsAnd
Declarations
UNTS
United Nations Treaty Series Art 102 UN Charter “Every treaty &
international agreement entered into by any Member … shall a.s.a.p be registered with the Secretariat & published by it.”
Shelved at Internat 10 UN
UNTS > 2,000 vv & growing
http://treaties.un.org
Home Screen - Click on UN Treaty Series link
Quirks
Use IE
Always hitSearch
[not return]
Use Clear
ClickingRegistration #
Link opens window
EIF?Entry in Force
Scroll down In window
To find pdf for text
AlsoEIF (entry into force)
UNTS volume #Participants, their actionsWith dates
Searching via UN Registration #
Range
Can be just one
UNTS Reg. #
in both
(Autocompletes)
THEN YOU MUST CLICK ADD
Once you have clicked ADD
The Search Criteria Box is filled in
NOW
Click Search
Title Search
Avoid connectors eg and
Remember to change
Additional Attributes
Hyperlinks will sortresults
Drill down via link under
Registration # to get to
text
Quick Route to
most recent treaty
Until Dec 2009 HeinOnline
Very recent? Try ILM
International Legal Materials Internat 300 I240Lexis (via Sources)Westlaw Int – selected 1980 v.19 onHeinOnline in Law JJ Library &
Treaties & Agreements Library but only 1962-2008 (we’ll still subscribe to these after Dec 09!)
Source Tab – either Find a Source – or Filter by International & Pick I
Reliable Alternatives
Freely Accessible databases maintained by
Governments International Organizations
As own library &/or as Official Depository
UK FCO website Multilateral treaties deposited with
the UK (full text and status) Treaty Command Papers from 1997
(by subject and by date) Explanatory Memoranda from 1997
Information on UK practice and procedure
Glossary of treaty terms
www.fco.gov.uk
http://conventions.coe.int/
ETS European Treaty Series #1(1949)- #193( 2003) became
CETS Council of Europe Treaty Series (#194 2004 - )
www.HccH.net
Hague Conference on Private International Law
Rather EISIL than Google
Mediated Gateway (ASIL) fewer hits always links to authoritative full text specialised search facilitiesAdded content - status, citations to
printed sources
Acronym?
If it’s just a text you need
Click Title
Click onMore
Information& discover
Links to reliable texts
Research Guides (USA slant)
ASIL – ERG Electronic Resources for International Law – Treaties revised & updated March 2009
Globalex – several aspects of treaties covered (NY University School of Law)
www.asil.org/treaty1.cfm
www.nyulawglobal.org/globalex/index.html#
Treaty Law
Internat 670 theory & practice
McNair Law of Treaties (1961) Internat 670 M169.4b2
Aust’s Modern Treaty Law & Practice
(2007) Internat 670 A932a2