Sweetgum Liquidambar styraciflua Family: Hamamelidaceae Hamlet
loved sweetgum. Alternate phylotaxy Star-shaped leaves Serrate
leaves Prickly fruit that drops all year Flat twig things Short,
fat twigs Shiny buds Ohio is its northern limit Shade intolerant
Low-land tree/flood plains Useful wood
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Eastern Red Cedar Juniperus virginiana Family: Pinaceae My
cat,Juniper, is from Virginia. Not actually a cedar Extremely decay
resistant Aromatic wood Fleshy pine cones Has scales and awns
Babies have awns Adults have scales Characteristic species of old
fields Likes basic soils Grows on limestone Shade intolerant Used
for pencils and fence posts
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Callery Pear Pyrus calleryana Family: Rosaceae Pyrus Pears,
color your nana rosaceae. Dense, white flowers, Bright red leaves
in fall Bad branch structure Designed not to reproduce, but failed
Grafted Invasive Used for ornamental
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Catalpa Catalpa speciosa Family: Bignoniaceae Catalpa, is that
a speciosa? Thats big noniaceae! Indian cigars (beans) Native to
Texas Planted by farmland Shade intolerant ornamental
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Cucumber Magnolia Magnolia acuminata Family: Magnoliaceae
accumulate the cucumbers Alternate leaves Leaves look tropical
75-80ft tall Entire leaf margins Smaller leaves Characteristic
species of mesophytic forest Southern Ohio is northern limit
Intermediate to shade tolerant
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Umbrella Magnolia Magnolia tripetala Family: Magnoliaceae
Trippin on the umbrella shrooms. Leaves look tropical Large leaves
Rounded leaf base 30-40ft max Entire leaves Characteristic species
of mesophytic forest Very shade tolerant
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Ginkgo Ginkgo biloba Family: Ginkgoaceae Ancient tree
Fan-shaped leaves Fruit stinks Male and female Urban environment
Short shoot, long shoot
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Pine Pinus sp. Family: Pinaceae Needles come in fascicles
(bundles) Poor, sandy, dry soils Pretty shade tolerant Used for
paper
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Redbud Cercis canadensis Family: Fabaceae Sir, is the heart of
Canada dense? Fab, I see. Cordate leaf (heart) Entire margins
Revolute (rolls in) Same family as peas 10-30 ft Purple spring
flowers grow strait from stem Typically gnarled Understory plant in
eastern deciduous forest Grows in waste places Shade tolerant
ornamental
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Yew Taxus sp. Family: Taxaceae Can be 20 ft tall Little red
arils Extremely shade tolerant Popular ornamental
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Honey locust Gleditsia triacanthos Family: Fabaceae Honey is
all the glitz. Try to can those! Fab, I see. Alternate leaves Big
bean pods Ornamental type has no thorns Terrible thorns Leaves are
twice pinnately compound Early successional plant Extremely shade
tolerant
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Black Walnut Juglans nigra Family: Juglandaceae Black monkeys
live in the nigra jungle! Its jug land, see? Loses leaves early
Compound pinnately compound leaves Strong smelling fruit Monkey
face leaf scars The rachis is usually on the ground Stout twigs Can
be huge Mesophytic coves Shade tolerant Ornamental Valuable
wood
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Spruce Picea sp. Family: Pinaceae Woody pegs Angled needles
Hurts Found in Boreal forest Generally shade tolerant
ornamental
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Sassafras Sassafras albidum Family: Lauraceae Sassafras, Ill be
dumb. About 10 ft. tall Have egg, mitten, and lobed shaped leaves
Cinnamon colored bark Crawl up through canopy Dry, sandy slopes
Found with pines Southern Thrives after fire
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Buckeye Aesculus sp. Family: Hippocastanaceae Bucks asses and
skulls are smaller than hippos. Ohio: Prickly fruit Smells like
skunk Palmately compound leaves stout twigs Northern, wooded areas
yellow: Smooth fruit Palmately compound leaves Southern Mesic
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Osage-orange Maclura pomifera Moraceae Osage-orange has massive
pompoms and I want more! Alternate leaves In the same family as
mulberry Shiny, simple leaf Ovate, entire leaves Native to Texas
& Arkansas Planted to fence in cattle because it has thorns
Found in waste area Shade intolerant Great wood Has male and female
parts
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Poison Ivy Toxicodendron (Rhus) radicans Anacardiaceae Poison
ivy is a toxic dendron. Its so radical an anacardiaceae wouldnt
touch it! Has fruits dispersed by birds 3 leaves beware Climbs
Crawls on wet ground Understory Shade tolerant Alternate
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American Beech Fagus grandifolia Fagaceae American beech has
grand foliage. Veins lead to a point Parallel veins Smooth leaf
surface paper-like leaf Smooth bark Branches come off the trunk
Often has hollows Pointy, long buds A bit serrate Very shade
tolerant Does well in coves Not typically in a stand
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American Elm Ulmus americana Ulmaceae Doubly serrate Parallel
veination Gets a disease that kills it Simple leaf Oblique based
leaves Large Shaped like a feather duster Found in disturbed
areas
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Slippery Elm Ulmus rubra Ulmaceae Likes to have its roots in
water In ditches Has a mucilage layer that is soothing for sore
throats Doubly serrate Parallel veination Gets a disease that kills
it Simple leaf Oblique based leaves Large Shaped like a feather
duster
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Chinquapin Oak Quercus muehlenbergii Fagaceae In white oak
group Alternate Likes basic soils derived from limestone Indented
margins Simple leaves Gray-plated bark No hairs Found in Eastern
deciduous forest and savannas Small acorns that deer love Used for
floors Does well with fire
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Pawpaw Asimina triloba Annonaceae Asimos paws are trilobed. He
stays anonymous. Tropical looking Naked, flexible buds on the end
Makes a fruit Smells like green peppers In a tropical family Makes
clones, but needs a tree outside the clones to mate with in order
to produce fruit Likes wet areas Understory tree Ohios native
fruit
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Sugar Maple Acer saccharum Aceraceae Shade tolerant Entire leaf
margins Lobed The bud is pointy and chocolate brown Smooth bark
Canadian flag Found in cove forest Shady areas Prominent in herb
layer taking over Maple syrup
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Yellow (tulip) Poplar Liriodendron tulipifera Magnoliaceae Hey,
Larry, tulips are related to magnolias. White between bark lines
Common in cove forests Very tall, strait No lower branches
Spoon-shaped buds Loves to take over fields Good wood, but not for
fancy things
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Flowering Dogwood Cornus florida Cornaceae Dogwood comes from
Florida where the corn grows. Opposite phyllotaxy Simple, entire
leaves Veins bend toward the tip Dogwood anthracnose killed most of
them Alligator bark Branches sweep up Tear the leaf and white
cotton stuff comes out Forest understory Waste places Shade
tolerant ornamental
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American holly Ilex opaca Aquifoliaceae For Christmas I got
Lex, aqua alpaca gloves. Alternate leaves White wood Extremely
shade tolerant Ornamental Found in bad, dry, sandy soils Dispersed
by berries On a ridge short
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Ash sp. Fraxinus sp. Oleaceae When you ax an ash tree thats all
you see. Opposite phyllotaxy Pinnately compound Bark has diamond
shapes Several types: White ash found on land Green ash found in
water Used ornamentally Grafted ornamentally White ash used for
baseball bats Mixed cove forests Intermediate to shade
tolerant
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Bitternut hickory Carya cordiformis Juglandaceae Bitternuts
smell like caryon. Of course it forms in the jungle. Alternate
phyllotaxy 7-9 leaflets Sulfur yellow, valvate buds Has a terminal
leaflet with no stalk on it Cove species Intermediate to shade
tolerant Not useful wood Pecans are in the same family
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Black Locust Robinia pseudo-acacia Fabaceae Alternate leaves
Pinnately compound Closely related to honey locust Has thorns
paired at leaf scars Egg-shaped leaves Shade intolerant Found along
edges Early successional species Nitrogen fixer Bean fruits Old
fields Die young 50-70 yrs old Weedy Decay resistant wood Fence
posts Grey bark with ridges Leaves turn brown from a bug
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Box Elder Acer negundo Aceraceae Opposite leaves Compound leaf
3 leaflets Gently serrate Green stems Samaras Weedy plant Waste
places Riparian zones Wind dispersal Short-lived Grows fast
R-selected Shade intolerant Looks like poison ivy
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Black Cherry Prunus serotina Rosaceae The cherries shout, Prune
us, Serotina.The cherries match the roses. Alternate leaves
Charcoal bark Burnt potato chips Simple leaves Reddish-brown hairs
on midrib Reddish fall color Waste places Dispersal by birds Used
for cabinets and gun stocksfancy things Intermediate to shade
tolerant Likes gaps
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Hackberry Celtis occidentalis Ulmaceae 2-ranked leaves Oblique
margins Serrate Warty bark Tough- doesnt get diseases Berries Bird
dispersal Looks like an elm Has nipple galls Indicator of limestone
soils Shade intolerant to intermediate edges
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Bur oak Quercus macrocarpa Fagaceae Variable leaf shape Crenate
at top Lobed below Corky twigs fire resistant Fast growning Lives
long Likes limestone soils Savanna tree Shade tolerant
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Red oak Qeurcus rubra Fagaceae Red oak group Has tricombs Fast
growth Shallow lobes Cove forest Acorns Used for floors and
cabinets Needs fire ornamental
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White oak Quercus alba Fagaceae Very bumpy and warty acorns
Life forever White oak group Deeply lobed No tricombs Lighter
Grey-ish bark Loose bark Good for bats Alternate Simple leaves Red
in fall
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Grape Vitis sp. Vitaceae Climbs and crawls Not parasitic
because doesnt penetrate support parasite Not a problem unless it
pulls down a tree Teeth on leaves Sort of lobed Variable looking
Climbs into canopy All European vines are grafted on American
vines
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Hop hornbeam Ostrya virginiana Betulaceae Closely related to
carpinus Green bud with brown stripes Doubly serrate Leaf surface a
little fuzzy Peely bark Looks like cat scratching Grows on ridge
tops Drier areas
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Ironwood/Musclewood Carpinus caroliniana Betulaceae Simple leaf
Doubly serrate Smooth to glossy Buds are brown with white speckles
Ridged/furrowed wood Smooth bark Veins dont all end in a tooth like
beech Understory tree found along waterways Cove forest
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Sycamore Platanus occidentalis Platanaceae Simple leaves White
bark Grows very fast Had buds under the leaves Dispersed by little
flying and floating seeds in balls Grown for rough lumber Toilet
paper Fast decaying Good habitat for animals
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Basswood Tilia sp. Tiliaceae Simple leaves Cordate Buds look
like a piggy back Oblique based leaves Moist cove forest with
cucumber magnolia Distinct fruit
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Chestnut Castaneae sp. Fagaceae Alternate Leaf is similar to
chinquapin oak Killed by fungus that still lives on oaks Very fast
growing Grew in pure stands Appalachian coves and ridges Decay
resistant Beautiful wood
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Serviceberry Amelanchier sp. Rosaceae Alternate leaves Flowers
in spring Named because people used to always bury the dead in the
spring when the soil thawed, which was when the serviceberry
bloomed. Simple leaves w/ small teeth Look like cherry leaves White
flowers Makes a little apple/pon? Sandy ridge tops Understory Shade
tolerant Acidic soils Pine-oak habitat Ornamental Smooth bark with
lines Long buds
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Eastern white pine Pinus strobus Pinaceae 5 needles in fascicle
Branches come out in whirls Can count each whirl to estimate the
age Native Grow fast Can get huge Europeans loved them because they
were great for ship masts Which made North America very desirable
The person who owned the wood was powerful
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Blackgum Nyssa sylvatica Nyssaceae Alternate waxy leaves
Branches stick strait out Bark looks like dogwood Its like a
cartoon tree with a straight trunk with simple leaves Acidic soils
Dry, sandy ridges Both understory and canopy Occasional tree
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Hawthorn Crataegus sp. Rosaceae Horrible thorns Acer-like
foliage Variable leaves Serrate margins Shiny Lots of little twigs
Occasional tree Ornamental Found along streams or on a hillside,
but not in thickets
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Eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis Pinaceae Dying from a
pathogen, which is disastrous because it creates many microsystems
Beneath it, the soil is more acidic from the needles Creates shade
Found where the cool, moist, air drains off an Appalachian mountain
Tiny, papery cones Short, 2-ranked needles 2 white lines on back of
needles Planted ornamentally next to buildings Huge tree
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River Birch Betula nigra Betulaceae Simple, alternate leaves
Hairs on underside Peely, paper bark Droopy branches Native to Ohio
Flood plains and river banks Ornamental Shade intolerant
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Yellowwood Cladastris kentuckea Fabaceae Alternate Pinnately
compound The twigs connects smoothly to the rachis Cup on the leaf
covers the bud Native Grows along the limestone cliffs of KY rivers
Very occasional ornamental
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Fir Abies sp. Pinaceae Flat needles Base of needles looks like
suction cups Smells like orange Boreal forest
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Red maple Acer rubrum Aceraceae Serrate margins Three lobes
Large range Successional in Appalachia Samara fruit Old Popular
ornamental Bad structure like callery pear
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Black oak Quercus velutina Fagaceae Scaley caps on acorns Very
small acorns Scales stick up Leaf similar to red oak, but fuzzy
Blocky bark Fuzzy leaves Really orange below the surface Found in
drier sites than red oak Doesnt prune off its lower branches Likes
sandy, acidic soils Leaves are deeply lobed at top
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Multiflora rose Rosa multiflora Rosaceae Invasive Problem in
Dayton Origin is unknown Has rose hips (fruit) Red berry thing
Dispersed by birds Makes thickets Has terrible thorns Spray it to
kill it
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Blackberry/ Raspberry Rubus sp. Rosaceae Glaucous---whitened or
waxy on the underside and stem Shrub Thorny Grows in marginal
habitats, old fields, forest Part of old-field succession Swoops to
the ground and grows a new plant Compound leaves 3-5 leaflets Some
put shoots underground
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Amur Honeysuckle Lonicera maackii Caprifoliaceae Opposite,
egg-shaped leaves Berries in groups of fours Bird dispersed Robins
and starlings Simple leaves Fast growing Monoculture Suppresses
natives Can suppress the growth of canopy trees Allelopathic
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Autumn Olive Elaeagnus umbellata Elaeagnaceae Looks like the
underside was spray-painted silver From Russia Shrub Bird dispersed
Fast growing Found in open areas Farms or farm reclaimed sites
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Blue Ash Fraxinus quadrangulata Oleaceae Opposite leaves
Pinnately compound Stems are angled (4) Not diamond bark Doesnt
compete well Has samaras wind dispersed Intermediate shade
tolerance Most resilient to EAB Found in dry, limestone savanna
settings People used to make blue dye from the bark
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Sumac Rhus sp. Anacardiaceae Alternate leaves Pinnately
compound Grows in clumps Weird fruiting structure (looks like
coral) Found in open-disturbed habitats Birds and butterflies love
it Animal dispersal Clonal growth Stout twigs
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Kentucky Coffeetree Gymnocladus dioica Fabaceae Doubly
pinnately compound Flaky bark with orange color Occasional tree
Found in woodlots, habitat margins Not useful wood Male and female
trees Dispersed by ground sloths Doesnt grow in stands Limestone
soils