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TReND in Africa:advancing science and research in Sub-Saharan
Universities
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
Jorge Iván Castillo-QuanGrant Advisor & London Contact
Overview
• Why Africa?
• Mammalian VS Insects as model organisms.
• What is TReND
• What do we do?
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
"Because there is no research culture at many African universities, people do not see science as an
attractive option."
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
"What is lacking at the international level is an understanding of the importance of research and development, particularly within Africa, in the fight
against disease."
Pascoal Mocumbi Primer Minister of Mozambique 1994-2004.
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
"Africans need to build scientific capacity so that we can develop our own models, validated over Africa."
Anthony NyongHeadGender, Climate Change and Sustainable Development UnitAfrican Development Bank
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Enrolment rates in higher education in Sub-Saharan Africa are by far the lowest in the world
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Source: Bloom D., et al. Higher education and Economic Development in Africa. World Bank, 2006.
Knowledge Economic Index: country's ability to generate, adopt and diffuse knowledge
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Source: Bloom D., et al. Higher education and Economic Development in Africa. World Bank, 2006.
Many problems
• Lack of funding agencies.• Poor governmental support.• Corruption.• Energy supply.• Insufficient equipment. • Lack of appropriate training.• Use of expensive model organisms.
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
• Only use rats as model organisms
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Lucia Prieto-Godino Sadiq Yusuf
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
What is the relationship between flies and us?
• We share 60% of our DNA.
• 70% of known human disease genes have Drosophila counterparts.
• The list continues…!
Why flies?
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Drosophila melanogaster has probably taught us more about genetics than
any other animal on earth
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Fly brainbow
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Flies have a heart…!
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Wessells RJ, et al. Nat Genet 2004.
Flies show complex behaviours
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
We use African flies in our lab…!
We use flies collected in 1970’s from Dahomey (outbred population), now the Republic of Benin. We keep our flies in large population cages with overlapping generations.
You will use these flies for the practicals!!!
French Dahomey
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
The first course - 2011
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
• Designed a 3-week course (CSHL – MBL style)• 50 applications (graduate students around Africa).• HUGE Success!
The second course –
1st IBRO course on Insect Neuroscience and Drosophila Neurogenetics
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Furnishing labs
Everything used for the course stays at the host university (KIU, Uganda).
Our equipment comes from our own labs or from the generosity of other laboratories.
The industry is responding with important donations.
What do we teach?
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
What do we teach?
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
What do we teach?
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
What do we teach?
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
What do we teach?
Applications from all Africa!
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
• Nigeria
• Uganda
• Kenya
• Cameroon
• Ethiopia
• Tanzania
• Malawi
• Congo
• Ghana
• Egypt
• Sudan
• 1st year: 50 applications
• 2nd year: 60 applications
• 3rd year 60 applications
TReND in Africa NOW!
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Erwin NeherNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1991
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
“The goal of Neuroscience research is nothing less than trying to understand ourselves – how we perceive, think, and feel. It is obvious that this endeavor should not be restricted to a fraction of the world. Developing countries have the human resources to contribute and need at least as urgently as other countries the benefits in medical care, which hope to emanate from brain research. Therefore, the efforts of TReND deserve the fullest support”
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
What are we up next?
• Probably this year (2013) our last in Uganda. We are planning to move to Mekelle University (Addis Ababa, Ethiopia).
• Setting up an MSc in Neuroscience in Uganda (KIU).
• HUMAN TReND – Neurologists from USA to visit and interact with students in Egypt and Uganda.
• Several of our students have been awarded travelling grants to take courses in the UK and Asia (funded by Wellcome Trust and IBRO)
How can you help?
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
• Help us to create awareness.
• Do you have an expertise that can be helpful in Africa – talk to us.
• Do you know of laboratory equipment that is just sitting in a corner or you have a laptop that would like todonate?
• Make a monetary donation (visit our website).
Thanks to our sponsors!
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Thanks for your attention…
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org
Teaching and Research for Development (TReND) in Africa
www.trendinafrica.org