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© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential Presentation_ID 1
Trend of the ICT Standardization
Shoichi Sakane Japan Technology & Research Center
Cisco Systems 2010/11/29
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential Presentation_ID 2
Today’s story
Smart Objects are Everywhere
The Common Infrastructure
Trend of the IETF Standardization
2 2
Smart Objects are Everywhere
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential Presentation_ID 4
Sensor & Control Networks are everywhere
Improve Productivity
Healthcare
Improve Food and H2O
Data Center Energy Saving
Enhanced Safety & Security
Smart House
High-Confidence Transport and Asset Tracking
Intelligent Buildings
Predictive Maintenance
Smart Grid
Smart Community
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential Presentation_ID 5
Smart + Connected Communities
Smart Metering Environmental monitoring ITS (Intelligent Transport System) Physical security Disaster prevention / management Local / global governmental facilities Social Networking Health monitoring
Applications
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential Presentation_ID 6
2011 2013 2009 1997 2007 2005 2003 2001 1999
Business Internet
Phase 1
Consumer Internet
Phase 2
Collaboration
Video
Virtualization/ Data Center
Industrial Internet
Phase 3
Healthcare Education
Real Estate Transportation
Digital Signage Utilities (Energy) Physical Security
Government Sports
1 Trillion
Smart Objects in the “Internet of Things”
The Common Infrastructure
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential Presentation_ID 8
The PAST of Smart Object Networks Closed architecture and proprietary protocols are used
Zigbee, Z-Wave, Xmesh, SmartMesh, MeshScape, … Different Protocols, Different Architectures
Results in inefficient and fragmented networks
GW GW GW GW
GW GW
GW GW
Interoperability partially addressed by protocol gateways Inherently complex to design, difficult to converge Expensive and difficult to manage (CAPEX and OPEX) Inconsistent routing, lack of end-to-end QoS Deployments were limited in scale and flexibility
GW GW GW GW GW
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential Presentation_ID 9
Using IP Allows consistent architecture Based on open standards
Move away from proprietary and closed protocols
Flexibility in many dimensions Support a wide range of
Applications -- voice, video, data, message
Media – Serial, SONET, Ethernet, DWDM, FR, ATM Devices -- From sensors to routers
Plug & Play, Interoperability and Scalability The Internet comprises billions of connected devices
IP
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential Presentation_ID 10
Characteristics of “Smart Object” in the IoT Constraints of the devices
Power consumption Physical size CPU power (8 or 16-bit, lower clock) RAM (~100 KB) Bandwidth (~ 127kbps a frame)
Constraints of the networks Low-speed highly unstable loosy links
oscillation avoidance
Potentially very large scale (10-100sK nodes) Sleeping devices Unattended devices in harsh environments
heat, dust, moisture, interference
Low power and Resource Consideration
Comprehensive & Simple Application Protocol
Resilient Routing Protocol
Adaptation Layer for new media
Challenge Areas
Trend of the IETF Standardization
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential Presentation_ID 12
What is IETF ? SDO of the Internet protocols
An open standards organization
Any discussion, mail and slides are open
No formal membership or membership requirements
All participants and managers are volunteers
Involving people not companies
Motto: “We reject kings, presidents and voting. We believe in rough consensus and running code”, Dave Clark (1992)
8 Areas, currently 124 WGs
http://www.ietf.org
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential Presentation_ID 13
Internet of Things IoT Bar-Bof
IETF77, Mar 2010
Constrained Envinronments
core WG IETF76, Nov 2009
Z-Wave Zigbee IP
Trend of the sensor networks in IETF
Low power and Lossy Networks
roll WG IETF71, Mar 2008
Low Power WiFi PLC
Zigbee/HomePlug, Autumn 2008
OpenSG/UCAlug, Summer 2009
IEEE802.15.4-2003, Autumn 2003
Zigbee & WiFi collaboration, Sprint
2010
SmartGrid Bar-BoF, Autumn 2009
IEEE 802.15.4 6lowpan WG
IETF61, Nov 2004
LoWPAN
EISA ACT, 2007
Low power and Resource Consideration
Comprehensive & Simple Application Protocol
Resilient Routing Protocol
Adaptation Layer for new media
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential Presentation_ID 14
Protocols for Smart Objects
IEEE 802.3 Etherenet,
802.11 WiFi IEEE 802.15.4 PLC
IPv6
TCP UDP
HTTP COAP PANA
IEEE 802.15.4g
RPL 6lowpan-nd
…
LWIP BoF
TLS DTLS Diet IKE
IPsec
6lowpan-hc
: Group
: Protocol
SEP 2.0
App
licat
ion
Tran
s po
rt In
tern
et
Inte
r fa
ce
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential Presentation_ID 15
Smart Power Directorate Organized in 2008, Requested by NIST
SGIP PAP01 Liaison
Internet Protocols for the Smart Grid Described a set of the protocols in the Internet for the the Smart Grid
Explanation of the basic element of the TCP/IP technology Consideration of the addressing
Consideration of the mix use of IPv6 and IPv4 Routing (OSPF,ISS,BGP,DYMO,OLSR,RPL) Transport protocol (TCP,UDP,SCTP,DCCP) Infrastructure requirement (DNS, DHCP) Security consideration
Notification of installation of NAT and Firewall
draft-baker-ietf-core-08 http://tools.ietf .org/html/draf t-baker-ietf -core-08
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential Presentation_ID 16
IPSO Alliance established in September, 2008
over 50 organizations (Oct 2010)
Mission Promote the use of IP in Smart Objects Generate tutorials, white papers and highlight use cases Support IETF and other standards development organizations Support and organize interoperability events
http://ipso-alliance.org/resource-library
• Formal Liaison • IPv6 Forum
• Zigbee Alliance
• On-Going Activities • Interoperability testing • Tutorials, Webinars • IPv6 ready certification for
Smart Objects
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential Presentation_ID 17
Conclusion Smart Objects are everywhere, and become connected into
the networks.
Proprietary and closed architecture approach is not scalable, flexible nor interoperable.
The Internet is able to be a common infrastructure.
Applying the ICT enables scalability, flexibility, and interoperability.
The technologies for the networks are standardized soon.
IPSO will help you to make your system conformed with IP.