TRENTINO ALTO ADIGEPresented by: Annmarie & Bodie

Located in Northern Italy Capital: Trento

Landscape

Extremely mountainous and is covered by mostly the Dolomites and Southern Alps

Many vast forests

Agricultural Division

Agriculture divides the region Land in Trentino is divided among

legitimate heirs Alto Adige plots of land cannot be

subdivided Property holdings remain vast

Government encourages the priorities of traditional agriculture to preserve the institution

Industry and Exports in Trentino The fertile valleys of Trentino produce wine fruit,

dairy products and timber, while its industries include paper, chemical and metal production

The region is a major exporter of hydroelectric

power. The most important features of the region's economic structure are the strength of tourism and the special system of co-operation between agriculture and industry

Climate The mountains,

valleys, and the river Adige—in the city of Bolzano, heavily influence climate

The average temperature is around 12.3 degrees Celsius

Climate The climate varies

through areas and seasons From an alpine climate to

a sub continental one Warm and variable

summers and cold and quiet snowy winters

A popular destination for tourism In winter for skiing in the

high mountains and during the summer to visit valleys and many lakes

“Withstand the Rigors of Winter” Drastic struggle against the cold There are festivals to mark the end of

winter Tourists visit Trentino in the summer to

cool down

Austrian and German Influences Consists of two provinces: Trento and

Bolzano-Bozen Province of Bolzano-Bolzen has a

population of 498,280 and Province of Trento has a population of 518,966, collectively over one million people

Bolzano-Bozen has a 69% population speaking German, Trento mainly Italian

60% speak Italian while 35% speak German with 5% speaking Ladin

German and Italian are both the official languages

History: A Battle of Territory Conquered by Romans in 15 BC

was later divided between Germany tribes During the First World War, the Austro-Hungarian

reign collapsed and the territory was signed over to the Italians Benito Mussolini, the fascist dictator, ruled Italy

Hitler and Mussolini agreed in 1938 that the German-speaking population would be transferred to German-ruled territory or dispersed around Italy But the outbreak of the Second World War prevented

them from fully carrying out the relocation

History: A Battle for Territory

Brenner Pass through the Alps was important because whoever controlled the pass controlled trade routes from north to south

Some of the most intense fighting during World War One was fought in the mountains of Trento

History: Catholic Influence on Cuisine

The region of Trentino was dominated by the Catholic clergy Trento was the stronghold of the Catholic Counter-

Reformation, site of 16th century Council of Trent

Goal: to halt the spread of Lutheranism The only mountain pass leading from Italy to

Austria, the Brenner Pass, is accessible from Trento The city is the perfect place for planning large

commercial fairs

“La Cucina der Papa” The monks

participated in fasting and abstinence

Had an obsession for rules of fasting and an obvious attraction to the sins of gluttony

Established a meatless cuisine

The Days of Meat

Before the Catholic influence on cuisine in the region of Trentino, a lot of meat was eaten

Popular meats Capercaillies – large grouse Fallow deer Chamois – antelope Roe deer

The Catholic Influence

Eliminated use of meat in dishes

Dishes then consisted of flour, milk, and vegetables

Fish was/is hardly present in dishes If used, it is freshwater fish The only exception is during Lent when cod is

shipped into the region

Importance of Bread The best oven-baked

products were invented in monasteries Bread was made daily

for the poor Ritual element of

domestic life Symbolically related

to health, prosperity, and composition of family

The Family Loaf

Invented in Benedictine Abbey of Monte Maria in Burusio, in Val Venosta

Baked as a “couple” in a single pan Each spouse eats

half

Grainy Magnificence of Trentino Not only breads Pastas Dumplings

A majority of dumplings include potatoes Five different types grown in Italy

Avezzana of Abruzzi Agata of Emilia Romagna Tuscan and Ligurian Pastagialla Viterbese of Lazio

Trentino inhabitants favor Austrian variety

Nordic Vegetables

Corn is a popular agricultural commodity in the southern region

Similar to those vegetables favored in Russia

Potatoes Cabbage

The Grass is Greener in Trentino

Traditional Trentino Kitchens

Traditional Trentino kitchens usually consist of a cobblestone floor with a wooden ceiling

Family gatherings and meals take place in this area

Gnocci or dumplings were called strango-Lapreti or priest-chockersIt was made of stale bread and spinach

First Course

Normally consists of salted meats and beansHare in sweet and sour sauceTrentino-style chicken stuffed with walnuts, pine nuts, bread, marrow, liver, eggs

Second Course

Strudel and Zelten (sweet bread, with dried canned fruits)

Dessert

Red Wine

Grazie, Grazie