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TRICS Pass-by & Diverted Trips Research

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Lawrence Stringer, East Sussex County Council. TRICS Pass-by & Diverted Trips Research. Why did we start this research?. Existing research data The TRICS Research Report 95/2 “ Pass-By and Diverted Trips: A Resume ” Good research but 1995 Often used, sometimes rejected - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Lawrence Stringer, East Sussex County Council
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Lawrence Stringer, East Sussex County Council

Existing research data The TRICS Research Report 95/2 “Pass-

By and Diverted Trips: A Resume” Good research but 1995 Often used, sometimes rejected Things have changed Investigate the impact and assessment

methodology for pass-by and diverted trips

Stage 1 - Information AnalysisLiterature Review

UK National Policy Travel Behaviour & Trends Commercial Research Academic Research International Research

Analysis of TRICS dataStage 2 - Individual SurveysPeer Review

Department for Transport: Guidance on Transport Assessment (2007)

TfL: Transport Assessment Best Practice Guidance Document (2010)

Auckland Regional Transport Authority: Integrated Transport Assessment Guidelines & Supplementary Documents (2007)

National Planning Policy Framework (2012) ITE Trip Generation Manual, 9th Edition

(2012)

National Travel Survey Distance travelled by car decreasing Shopping trips account for one fifth of all trips Number of shopping trips per person per year

has decreased year on year between 1995 and 2012

London Travel Demand Survey

Online Shopping Trends

Online Shopping UK online grocery market represents

approximately 4.5% of the total grocery market.

Kantar Media, 2012

Online Shopping Online grocery shopping increasing by 18.7%

over the past 12 months 22% of households shopped online for

groceries over the past 12 months Click and Collect

Tesco & AsdaChronodriveRapidly growing market

Somerfield: Shopping Trip Survey (1996)

Somerfield, 1996

Tesco Survey: Shopping Centres Research – Linked Trips Information, 2001

Store % RespondentsVisit shop before Tesco only

Visit shop after Tesco only

Visit shop before and after Tesco

Total visiting another shop

Basingstoke 27 18 5 50Coventry 34 12 3 49Milton Keynes

25 8 1 34

Peterborough

40 6 8 54

Stevenage 46 12 8 64Surrey Quays 38 7 8 53Average 33 11 5 49

Table 4.1 Linked Trips1.Tesco Stores Ltd, 2001

Harries et al. (2012) Trip Generation Characteristics of Large-Format Retail Development Sites in Auckland High proportion of secondary (pass-by and diverted) trips

exist, being in the range of 57-67%.

Ghezawi et al. (1998) Convenience Store Trip Generation average percentage of pass-by trips recorded was 72%, relationship between pass-by trip percentage and adjacent

street volumes

Mouchel (2009) Proposed Tesco Store & Shopping Centre, West Bromwich: Working Paper 3 – Linked Trips pass-by level 40% considered robust estimate during

weekday PM peak

MacIver, A. (1999) Transportation Impact Assessment: Forecasting Travel Demand

General rules for the proportions of pass-by trips at superstore developments in the UK:

Superstores on major commuting routes in larger urban areas - 25-35%;

Less commuting routes, in out-of-town locations and in urban areas with smaller populations - 15 to 25%;

In town centres and on non-primary routes the proportion - 10%; and

In locations with little propensity to generate pass-by trips the proportion can be as low as 5%.

88 sites from TRICS Database 5 Location Types:

Town Centre Edge of Town Centre Suburban (A) Suburban (B) Edge of Town

Surveys from 2000 onwards only Mixture of Friday and Saturday surveys

GFA & Location Type No correlationFigure 7.1 GFA by Location

Proximity to major shopping types A correlation exists to nearest commercial

area

Trip rates Weekday and weekend daily period (07:00-19:00) trip

rate increases as distance from town centre increases Peak hour spreading 1600 – 1900

Location Type 07:00-19:00 08:00-09:00 16:00-17:00 17:00-18:00 18:00-19:00

Town Centre 71.573 5.452 7.260 7.423 6.186

Edge of Town Centre 95.317 4.018 10.808 11.001 11.287

Suburban Area (A) 111.585 2.661 11.066 11.621 11.251

Suburban Area (B) 121.428 4.845 11.552 12.104 12.654

Edge of Town 134.059 5.402 13.104 14.271 12.392

TRICS Average 116.983 7.134 11.632 12.334 11.639

Weekday daily period trip rate increases as distance from town centre increases

Facilities 12 types of facilities considered. As GFA increases, the

facilities provided within the store expands.

Facilities against Location Type Range of facilities on offer increases as distance

from the town centre increases

GFA & Population

4+ facilities = comparison stores, less than 4 facilities = convenience stores.

No observable correlation between population per 1,000m2 GFA and GFA, location type, proximity to major area types or type of facilities provided.

As GFA drops below 3,000m2, population per 1,000m2 GFA also decreases

Literature ReviewLack of direction on how prevalence of pass-by and diverted trips should be addressed.Methodologies to assess these trips not provided in many policy guidelines.Commercial research has brought contradictory resultsPropensity for store customers to visit other shops within a town centre.Shopping habits are changing rapidly, especially online retail shopping and click and collect services. UK online grocery market represents approximately 4.5% of the total grocery market; increasing annually. Online shopping trends and click and collect services to be considered in determining trip rates and trip type proportions.

TRICS Data Review 88 sites

Correlation between location type and proximity to the nearest commercial area

Friday peak period for store activity 1600 to 1900

Saturday peak period 100 to 1200

Trip rate increases as distance from town centre increases

No correlation between GFA and daily trip rate.

No observable correlation between population per 1,000m2 GFA and GFA, location type, proximity to nearest competition, proximity to nearest residential area or commercial area of type of facilities provided.

Store location type is most important factor for consideration.

TRICS data review shows population and GFA to be less important factors.

Surveys to focus on the two ends of the scale – town centre and edge of town sites. Six surveys at each location type.

Surveys to investigate the facilities on offer in each store and whether these are a point of influence in trip choice.

Surveys at click and collect locations to be undertaken.

Graham Scholefield, University of Salford Martin Rogers, Dublin Institute of Technology Andrew MacIver, Napier University Edinburgh Dilum Dissanayake, University of Newcastle Rachel Aldred, University of Westminster Gordon Stokes, University of Oxford Andrew Murdoch, TPP Consulting Richard Sweet, PB Consultants Melvyn Dresner, Transport for London Stuart Wilson, Transport Scotland

Survey Categories Town Centre Edge of Town

Number of Surveys

Questions for inclusion in survey interviews

Online shopping trends influencing overall store trip rates


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