Trigger and DAQ SystemZhao Jing Wei
Sept. 2002, BESIII review, Beijing
Outline Trigger system
Event rate estimation Principle of design Scheme Monte Carlo simulation
DAQ system Read Out Online Slow Control
Details
Trigger System __ Estimation of event rate
Purpose To select all interested events for
physics from backgrounds To suppress background as
possible Event rate after Level 1 can be
sustainable for DAQ system
Trigger System__ Estimation of event rate
Total trigger rate
= good event rate (~2000, LBEPCII = 1 1033 cm-2 s-1)
+ bhabha rate (~800,to be pre-scaled)
+ cosmic event rate (<200,from 1500)
+ beam background rate (<2000Hz,from 13MHz)
= ~ 4000 Hz
Trigger System__ Estimation of event rate
Backgrounds rate vs beam current At BESII/BEPC
Trigger System__Principle
Challenges to BESIII trigger design High good event High Backgrounds Multi-bunches=93, small bunch spacing=8ns
No dead time design in trigger system Pipeline processing must be used
(Latch-process-decision mode not possible in 8ns) Latency of trigger signal necessary
Trigger System__Principle
Hardware trigger + software trigger(filter)
FEE signal is splitted totrigger + FEE pipeline
L1 signal 3.2 s latency FEE pipeline clock 40MHz FEE Control Logic checks L1
with FEE pipeline clock L1 YES
moves pipeline buffer data L1 No
overwritten by new data
Detector
switch
Level 1FEEpipeline
Readoutbuffer
Farms
Disk
Time Reference
0 s
3.2s
Ev.Filter
PowerPC
Block Diagram of BES III Trigger
Glo
bal T
rigg
er L
ogic
3.2 s
TOF
MDC
EMC
MU
DISC
DISC
Mu trackDISC
TrigSum
Track Finder
Etotal Sum
Hit/Seg Count
Track Seg. Finder
RF TTC
TC Sum
L1P
CLOCK
Track Match
Energy Balance
Cluster Counting
Trigger System__Scheme
One way of the detector signal from FEE is sent to trigger system.
TOF trigger hit, time and topology information
MDC trigger checks for a track segment looks for a track with track segments counts the number of tracks.
EmC trigger makes a sum of 24 Crystal signals to form a trigger cell uses trigger cells to make energy balance
Trigger System__Scheme
Track match The messages from TOF, EmC, MDC will be used in tr
ack Matching to check whether there are matched tracks.
Global trigger All messages will be sent to global trigger, based on tri
gger conditions if the event is good is determined. Level 1 signal
Global trigger will send L1 signal to readout modules of electronics if it is good event.
MDC trigger schemes
GLT
TSF cards
On FEEGTSF
BLT
PTD/TF
90082008
Axial&
stereo
TRK CNT
•Scheme A(AX only):
•TSF + TF + TRKCNT
•Scheme B(AX+ST):
•TSF + GTSF +BLT+PTD+TRKCNT
Feasibility of trigger scheme study
Trigger efficiency study
Wire in-efficiency influence study
Backgrounds rejecting ability study
Production of configuration data
Track Segment Finding
Track Finding/PTD
MDC trigger simulation
Trigger efficiency vs Pt and wire efficiency
Configuration:
Pt > 120 MeV
tracks with Pt>130MeV + Weff>95%
TrigEff>95%
tracks with Pt>130MeV + Weff>95%
TrigEff>95%
TSF:Ncomb=8
TSF:Ncomb=24
BESIII EMC trigger scheme
Gain Adj.
FEE 8ch sum
EMC Simulation
<20% difference acceptable Gain adjustment for each cry
stal+PD+PreAmp chain
• Trigger Cell should be at least 4X4 =16 crystals.
• 4X6=24 is taken
Summary of Trigger System Hardware trigger + software filter L1 latency : 3.2 s Pipeline clock: 40 MHz Monte Carlo simulation going well
backgrounds, MDC, EMC trigger schemes Design scheme drafted Some modules designed/designing Further/detailed designing undergoing
BESIII DAQ system__Tasks
Event readout from FEE Event building
(fragments → sub-events → a full event) Online event filtering
(L3 trigger, 50% backgrounds suppressed) Event recording to persistent media Run control of DAQ system Monitoring (event, histogram display ...) Message reporting functions
Data Rate Estimation
Sub-detector Number of Channel s
Event Si ze(bytes)
Readout Data Rate(Mbytes/s)
Record Data Rate(Mbytes/s)
MDC(T+Q) 18000 7200 29 21.8 EmC 9864 4000 16 12 TOF+CCT 912 400 1.6 1.2 μ 10000 400 1.6 1.2 Trigger 400 200 0.8 0.8 Sub-total 39288 12200 49 37 BESI I 20000 2000 0.04 0.04
Data Volume Estimation Electronic Channels to be Readout: 40K(30K TDC plus
ADC)
Level-1 Trigger Rate: 4KHz (2KHz Good Events)
Event Size: 12KBytes
Data rate after Level 1 will be 49MByte/sec Data rate to be recorded on tape 37MByte/sec 1000 times than BESII DAQ System(0.04MByte/sec) Data volume will be 240TByte/5year
Technologies & Challenges Multi-level Buffering(module,crate,PC) Switch Network(Gigabit) Parallel Computing Readout from VME Easy to Upgrade and Port Data/Message storage and good management
Database is needed. System integration: Easy to operating Software Engineering: guarantee good quality
Readout Scheme
. . .
Branch 1
PowerPC VME Modul e
. . .
Tape
Branch M
.. .
VME Crate VME Crate
Tri gger System
.. .
VME Crate. . .
100MEthernet
1000MEthernet
Tri ggerSi gnal
Fi l e Server
Farm Node 1 Farm Node 2 Farm Node N
1000M Swi tch
Readout PC
100M Swi tch
Readout PC
100M Swi tch
Readout PC
100M Swi tch
Farm Supervi sor
Run Control Event Di spl ay Hi stogram Di spl aySl ow Control
100M Swi tch
Readout R&D and Result Test for VME bus and Network
3MByte/sec for programming I/O 13MByte/sec for DMA 100M Network is OK, it is possible that VME bus
readout will be a “bottle-neck” if HPTDC is used. Require
Readout plus transmitting from VME to PC Good performance of FEE board, DMA must be
adopted Other techniques R&D, such as S-link plus ROM VME64x bus
Online System__Event Builder
... ... ...
... ...
DataSegment
DataBlock
Event
Event Bui l der
FEEs
ReadoutCrates
ReadoutPCs
OnlineFarm
Hardware
Level-1 trigger
1 GbSwitch
100 MbSwitch
Online system__Data flow
A B C D E F G HSELECTED
ON-LINE
Farm Node 1
Readout PC
111
2
3 3 3
4 5
6
666
Farm Supervi sor1000M Swi tch
A B C D E F G HSELECTED
ON-LINE
100M Swi tch
Run Control Event Di spl ay
Hi stogram Di spl ay
Fi l e Server
Tape
6
3
Network Connecti on
Control Command
Event Data
Farm Node 2 Farm Node N
Online system__Functions
Online Farm Node• Event Building• Event Data Formatting• Online Event Filtering• Histogram Filling• Event Classification
Farm Supervisor• Keep track of events currently buffered in readout PC• Keep track of events currently processed in Farm
Node• Distribute physics events to Online Farm Nodes• Maintain the event record number
Slow Control Along with BESIII sub-systems designing A Complex System
Monitoring(temperature, humidity, voltage, gas etc) Controlling(high voltage, gases etc) Save/Display history/status information
Purpose Guarantee safety of device and personnel Useful information
Slow Control Strategy
Mature techniques One wire bus USB bus for common devices Database and Web accessing
Commercial Devices Scheme
Not determined, but Consideration going
Summary of DAQ system Determined principal part of DAQ
scheme Slow Control scheme will be soon R&D of DAQ going
Readout model, Online model Key techniques of Slow Control
Improving software process
Details The trigger report of Z.A, Liu The DAQ report of K.J, Zhu The Slow Control of C.S, Gao
Thanks!