Trojan War Imperfect Tense
Imperfect TenseAction in the past which is incomplete, habitual, or continuing
Happens over a ___________________ Active means the subject ________________ Translation _____________________________ _____ I was _________ we were _____ you were _________ you pl were ______ h/she, it was _______ they were
Imperfect Active
Happens over a time period in the past◦ Habitual or continuous in the past instead of a
one-time, finished action◦ I was driving to the mountains.
Was driving refers to the process of being in the car for three hours.
Active means the subject does the verb Translations: was/were, used to, began to,
kept on
Imperfect Active indicative for regular verbs
Bam I was bamus we were Bas you were batis you pl were
Bat h/she, it was bant they were
Imperfect Active
Bam Bas Bat (Unus Remix) -- Imperfect Tense Latin Verb Ending
LJCL: Lady BaBa and the Imperfect Tense The Imperfect Indicative Review Song Latin Imperfect Tense Endings
Youtube
For most verbs, start with the infinitive (re)◦Remove the “re”◦Add the endings◦Necabam, necabas, necabat,
necabamus, necabatis, necabant
Forming the imperfect tense
Translate. 1. pugnabamus 2. navigabas 3. petebat 4. obsidebant 5. bellum gerebatis 6. pugnabatis 7. necabant 8. pugnabas
Practice #1 Imperfect
Make the Latin word to translate the phrase. 1. I was fighting 2. they began to kil 3. they kept on killing 4. you were attacking 5. I used to sail 6. he was sailing 7. you pl. kept on attacking 8. we were killing
Practice #2 Imperfect
Translate. 1. Graeci pugnabant extra muros. 2. Achilles erat Graecus. 3. Achilles Troianos necabat. 4. Aeneas non poterat necare Helenam. 5. Graeci multos annos bellum gerebant.
Practice #3 Imperfect
Happens __________________________ Passive means the subject __________________ Translation
_________________________________________________________________
_____ I was being -ed _______we were being --ed _____ you were being -ed _______ you pl
were being -ed _____ h/she, it was ________ they were
being –ed being ---ed
Imperfect passive
Happens over a time period in the past Passive means the subject does not do the
verb Translation: was/were being –ed, used to
be –ed, began to be –ed, kept on being --ed
Imperfect passive indicative for regular verbs
Bar I was being -ed bamur we were being --ed
Baris you were being -ed bamini you pl were being -ed
Batur h/she, it was bantur they being –ed were being --ed
Imperfect passive
Translate. 1. pugnabamur 2. obsedebaris 3. petebatur 4. obsidebantur 5. videbar
Practice #1 Imperfect Passive
1. mitte_________ they were being sent 2. duce__________ we were being led 3. pete__________ you were being sought 4. rege__________ he was being ruled 5. naviga _________ the boat was being
sailed
Practice #2 Imperfect passive: Add the ending to make the correct Latin word
Irregular Imperfect tense verbs
Sum, possum become eram, poteram
________________________◦ I was
________________________◦ You were
__________________________◦ He, she, it was
________________________◦ We were
________________________you pl. were___________________________they were
Linking Verb Imperfect Tense
___eram_____________________◦ I was
___eras_____________________◦ You were
___erat_______________________◦ He, she, it was
___eramus_____________________◦ We were
_____eratis___________________you pl. were_____erant______________________they were
Linking Verb Imperfect Tense
________________________◦ I was able
_________________________◦ You were able
_________________________◦ He, she, it was able
_________________________◦ We were able
____________________________you pl. were able____________________________they were able
Possum Imperfect needs infinitive
_____poteram___________________◦ I was able
______poteras___________________◦ You were able
______poterat___________________◦ He, she, it was able
______poteramus___________________◦ We were able
________poteratis____________________you pl. were able________poterant____________________they were able
Possum Imperfect needs infinitive
Carefully translate each sentence below. 1. Milites mittebantur ad Troiam. 2. Graeci reges milites ducebant. 3. Muri Troiae erant magni. 4. Urbs Troiae est in Asiā. 5. Naves poterant facere iter ad Troiam. 6. Troia a Graecis obsidebatur. 7. Milites Graecorum et Troianorum
pugnabant.
Practice with present and imperfect verbs in the active and passive
Erat crudelis nox Troianis. Contra Graecos in bello diu pugnabant sed Graeci Troianos poterant non vincere in proelio sed dolo.
Nunc Graeci intra muros Troiae oppugnabant. Ligneo equo Graeci Troianos vinciebant.
Troia ardebat!◦ Crudelis/cruel; contra/against; diu/for a long time;
dolo/by a trick; intra/within; ligneo/wooden; ardebat/burn
Aeneas Must Leave Troy
1. When does the story take place?◦ A.◦ B.
2. What has been happening for a long time?◦ A◦ B.
3. What was changing?◦ A.◦ B.
CQTE
4. How were the Greeks winning?◦ A.◦ B.
5. Where are the Greeks?◦ A.◦ B.
6. What is the condition of Troy?◦ A.◦ B.
Necesse erat Aeneae discedere ex urbe. Volebat pugnare Graecos; etiam volebat necare Helenam sed Hectoris umbra et Venus sua mater Troiano duci dicebant veritatem de Troiā. Nemo Troiam servare poterat.
Quoque dicebant verba oraculi : “Aeneas aedificabit novam urbem cum populis
qui e Troiā discedent,” dei dicunt.◦ Discedere/leave;volebat/was wanting; umbra/ghost;
sua/his; veritatem/truth; nemo/no one; verba oraculi/ a prophesy; aedificabit/will build/ novam/new; populis/people; discedent/will leave
7. What is necessary?◦ A.◦ B.
8. What does he want to do?◦ A.◦ B
9. Who tells him the truth?◦ A.◦ B.
10. What is the truth?a.B.
11.What else do they tell him?a.
b.
Autem pater Anchises nolebat exire. Aeneas non poterat exire sine patre.
Anchises suo filio dicebat, “ Necesse est tibi discedere ex urbe cum tuā feminā et filio. Discede me in Troiā. Ego volo manēre in meo domo. Exspectabo signa deorum.”◦ Autem/however; nolebat/not want; sine/without;
suo/his; discedere/leave; discede me/ leave me;◦ Volo/ want; exspectabo/I will wait; signum/sign
11. Why can Aeneas not leave?◦ A.◦ B.
12. What does Anchises tell him to do?◦ A.◦ b
13. What does Anchises want to do?◦ A.◦ B.
14. Why is he waiting?◦ A◦ B.
Aeneas respondet, “ Necesse est nobis omnibus exire ex urbe. Portabo te, ducam meum filium, tu portabis lares et penates (household gods). Creusa poterit ambulare nobiscum. Possumus non manēre in urbe Troiae.”◦ Omnibus/all; portabo/I will carry; te/you; ducam/I
will lead; tu portabis/ you will carry; lares at penate/household gods; poterit/ will be able; nobiscum/with us
15. What is necessary for all?◦ A.◦ B.
16. What will he do for Anchises?◦ A.◦ B.
17. What will he do for Ascanius?◦ A.◦ B.
18. What will Anchises do?◦ A.◦ B.
19. What does he believe Creusa will do?◦ A.◦ B.
20. What does he finally say?◦ A.◦ B.
Step one: List all the imperfect tense verbs in the passage. You can underline them first. If a verb appears more than once, you do not have to repeat it.
Step Two: translate each verb with the correct pronoun subject
E.g. Pugnabant they were fighting. Step Three: Convert the active verbs to passive by
changing the ending but keeping the same subject . Translate the passive.
“erat” and “poterat” cannot be passive.◦ E.g. Pugnabant they were fighting pugnabantur they were
being fought
Imperfect Tense in context