TST

Session 2.5.

Step 2: Establishing Field Survey Parameters

WFP Markets Learning Programme 1Trader Survey Training

Learning Objectives

By the end of this session, participants should be able to:Identify the key field survey parameters that should be laid out at the start of the trader survey design (i.e., market chains, products, geography, markets, and traders)Calculate the number of traders to interview in a comprehensive trader survey

WFP Markets Learning Programme 2Trader Survey Training

Nine Principles guide “The Four Step Approach”

Step 2: Establishing field survey parameters

Step 1: Formulation of assumptions

Step 4: Supervision, analysis and reporting

Step 3: Elaboration of a survey plan, questionnaires and training

WFP Markets Learning Programme 2.2.3Conducting a Trader Survey

Which parameters?

WFP Markets Learning Programme Trader Survey Training 4

Step 2: Establishing field survey parameters

To consider:

1. When will we begin survey development and other preparations (training, etc.)? How long will this take?

2. When will we begin collecting trader data? How long will this take?

3. How long will it take us to analyse data and produce conclusions? To add our recommendations to the EFSA (or other WFP analytical report)?

WFP Markets Learning Programme Trader Survey Training 5

5 minutes with a partner: What key factors are likely to be driving this calendar?

Select market chains that:

have substantial bearing on FS of affected livelihood groups (consider gender as well)

are likely most affected by shock

deliver services to likely food-insecure groups

Limit # of market chains to 2-3

Establish list of relevant regional and (trans) national markets linked to ‘our’ local markets for each market chain

WFP Markets Learning Programme Trader Survey Training 6

Selection of market chainsStep 2.b.

Example: Guinea-Bissau TS focused on cashews (cash crop for 70-80% of farmers) & imported rice (the principal food staple).

Both market chains were affected by global price developments.

WFP Markets Learning Programme Trader Survey Training 8

Selection of productsStep 2.c.

Each market chain, reduce complexity: concentrate on 1 or 2 products (more products can be included in price data collection). Select products:

that play major role in food security

that are relevant for expected food insecure livelihoods groups

that are currently traded

for which survey team expects to be able to conduct meaningful analysis

1

2

WFP Markets Learning Programme Trader Survey Training 9

Selection of productsStep 2.c.

Note:

Provision of daily labour can be an important livelihood activity

It should therefore be selected also as a “product”

Although labour is not specifically mentioned in analysis plan & questionnaires, it should be included if it is expected to be important for the livelihood groups

1

2

WFP Markets Learning Programme Trader Survey Training 10

Geo-zone of TS should encompass:

Local markets (markets used by target population)

Regional & (trans) national markets for selected market chains

Note: Because we wish to know how local markets are linked to surplus and deficit areas, the geo-zone for TS may go beyond the zone of the HH or community survey

Define geographyStep 2.d.

Example: TS as part of food security assessment in one department (e.g. in Tahoua, Niger) will also assess regional markets in neighbouring departments (Maradi, Niamey) and across the border (Jibia, Kano in Nigeria) as they are all interlinked.

WFP Markets Learning Programme Trader Survey Training 12

Selection of marketsStep 2.e.

Guiding principles in selection of markets:

Need to get balanced view of market chains relevant to our target groups

Must assess local conditions & broader response capacity

Often: only purposively selected sample is possible

WFP Markets Learning Programme Trader Survey Training 13

Selection of marketsStep 2.e.

For a comprehensive TS, include:

Local markets used by people interviewed in the FS assessment

Aim to cover total # of local markets covering 25% (+/-) of # of villages; 50% if conditions diverge greatly

For the regional, (trans)national markets, include subset of district & regional capitals in FS assessment zone & major trading hubs linked to these markets; aim to include 10 of these markets (in no case, more than 50% of your local markets)

Example-Bangladesh Sidr Cyclone TS

Local markets in 50% of villages (31 in all), 10 district level & 4 regional markets were selected. For Initial EFSA or rapid TS, lighter approach will do.

WFP Markets Learning Programme Trader Survey Training 14

At local markets, for each market chain, interview:

2 collectors (traders purchasing from producers & selling to traders)

2 retailers (traders purchasing from traders & selling to consumers)

2 wholesalers (traders purchasing from & selling to traders)

At regional/national markets, for each market chain, interview 2 wholesalers

At each market: interview 1 key resource person about market functioning & general conditions

Selection of tradersStep 2.f.

Actual selection of traders on site should be randomly conducted: Get estimate of total # of tradersDivide by the number of traders you need to interviewInterview each “nth” trader, starting from randomly selected trader

Note of caution: this does not lead to random sample as market locations & number of traders per market have been purposively selected. This has consequences for interpretation of results.

WFP Markets Learning Programme Trader Survey Training 15

Selection of tradersStep 2.f.

Key resource person at each market may be:

“head” of market

government agent responsible for market monitoring

president of trader association

if all others are unavailable: a large trader willing to answer questions

Who might you potentially look for in this country as a key market resource person?

WFP Markets Learning Programme Trader Survey Training 16

Selection of tradersStep 2.f.

WFP Markets Learning Programme Trader Survey Training 17

Background:

•The Food Security Assessment covers 100 villages

•A Comprehensive Trader Survey is planned

•Two market chains are selected (cereals & livestock)

•The survey takes places outside harvesting season

With a partner:

How many interviews should be conducted for this comprehensive trader survey?

Exercise 2.5. Trader Survey Sample Calculation

This leads to a total of 300 interviews, which requires a substantial effort. To make this happen, questionnaires should be simple. This example also shows that it is necessary to limit the number of market chains included in the survey.

WFP Markets Learning Programme Trader Survey Training 18

Quick Quiz Answers

Comprehensive Trader Survey

Local cereal markets: 25 X 4 traders 100 traders (50 retail; 50 wholesale)

Local livestock markets: 25 X 4 traders 100 traders (50 retail; 50 wholesale)

Regional, nat’l markets: 10 X 2 market chains X 2 traders

40 traders (all wholesale)

On each market (60), 1 key resource person 60 persons

Wrap-up

WFP Markets Learning Programme Trader Survey Training 19

Which parameters?

Step 2: Establishing field survey parameters