Two Directives InfluencingCommercial Remote Sensing

Ping Lu

Andres Pastrana

A story

Two U.S. Presidents

Presidential Decision Directive-23Presidential Decision Directive-23(PDD-23 )(PDD-23 )

ÿÿ Signed by Clinton in 1994Signed by Clinton in 1994

ÿÿ ““U.S. Policy on Foreign Access to U.S.U.S. Policy on Foreign Access to U.S.Remote Sensing CapabilitiesRemote Sensing Capabilities””

A response to the end of the Cold WarA response to the end of the Cold War

ÿÿ The elimination of the Soviet UnionThe elimination of the Soviet Unioncaused the fear of remote sensingcaused the fear of remote sensingcompanies to reduced governmentcompanies to reduced governmentspending .spending .

ÿÿ These companies requested theThese companies requested theadministration to permit commercialization.administration to permit commercialization.

SignificanceSignificance

ÿÿMaintaining the U.S. remote sensingMaintaining the U.S. remote sensingindustry's lead over internationalindustry's lead over internationalcompetitorscompetitors

ÿÿ Promoting U.S. products and servicesPromoting U.S. products and servicesoverseasoverseas

ÿÿ Heralding a new era of remote sensingHeralding a new era of remote sensing

Commercial Market AnalysisCommercial Market Analysis

ÿÿ Not grow as rapidly or as broadly asNot grow as rapidly or as broadly asanticipatedanticipated

ÿÿ Both the promise and frustrations of theBoth the promise and frustrations of theremote sensing industryremote sensing industry

September 11September 11

satellite images from the IKONOS spacecraft

New DirectiveNew Directive

ÿÿ "The fundamental goal of this policy is to"The fundamental goal of this policy is toadvance and protect U.S. national securityadvance and protect U.S. national securityand foreign policy interests by maintainingand foreign policy interests by maintainingthe nation's leadership in remote sensingthe nation's leadership in remote sensingspace activities, and by sustaining andspace activities, and by sustaining andenhancing the U.S. remote sensingenhancing the U.S. remote sensingindustry."industry."

ÿÿ Signed by Bush in 2003Signed by Bush in 2003

New DirectiveNew Directive

ÿÿ A clear and positive reflection on the long-A clear and positive reflection on the long-term commitment to U.S. commercialterm commitment to U.S. commercialremote sensing industryremote sensing industry

ÿÿ Push the technology progress byPush the technology progress byencouraging all agencies to look to privateencouraging all agencies to look to privateremote sensing companies for their imageremote sensing companies for their imagerequirementsrequirements

ResultsResults

ÿÿ Provided a strong government support forProvided a strong government support forobtaining high-resolution imagery from U.S.obtaining high-resolution imagery from U.S.providersproviders

ÿÿ Established a framework for international accessEstablished a framework for international accessto high-resolution remote-sensing technologyto high-resolution remote-sensing technology

ÿÿ Encouraged civil departments and agencies toEncouraged civil departments and agencies tointegrate high-resolution data into dailyintegrate high-resolution data into dailyoperationsoperations

ÿÿ More clearly showed U.S. Government roles andMore clearly showed U.S. Government roles andresponsibilities regarding the commercial remoteresponsibilities regarding the commercial remotesensing industry.sensing industry.

Satellite image showing where Saddam Hussein was captured in Iraq.

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