Date post: | 22-Jan-2018 |
Category: |
Environment |
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THEY ARE THE FIRST HURRICANES TO
HIT HAWAII IN 22 YEARS
Hurricane Iniki struck the island of Kauai on September
11, 1992 with peak intensity winds reaching 145 MPH
FORECAST:
ISELLE PREDICTED TO MAKE
LANDFALL ON THURSDAY (7
August)
JULIO WILL PASS PASSED BY
THE ISLANDS TO THE NORTH
ON SUNDAY (10 August)
FOR EXTRA MEASURE
A Magnitude 4.5
EARTHQUAKE RATTLED THE
BIG ISLAND AS THE
HURRICANES APPROACHED
ON 7th AUGUST
POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS (AKA
HAZARDS) OF A HURRICANE
• WIND FIELD [CAT 1 (55 mph) TO CAT 5+
(155 mph or greater)]
• DEBRIS
• STORM SURGE/FLOODS
• HEAVY PRECIPITATION/FLOODS
• LANDSLIDES (MUDFLOWS)
• COSTAL EROSION
HIGH POTENTIAL LOSS EXPOSURES
IN A HURRICANE
Entire communities;
People, property, infra-
structure, business enterprise,
government centers, crops,
wildlife, and natural resources.
A DISASTER CAN HAPPEN
WHEN THE POTENTIAL
DISASTER AGENTS OF A
HURRICANE INTERACT
WITH A COMMUNITY’S
VULNERABLE ELEMENTS
WIND PENETRATING
BUILDING ENVELOPE
HURRICANE
UPLIFT OF ROOF SYSTEM
FLYING DEBRIS
STORM SURGE
IRREGULARITIES IN
ELEVATION AND PLAN
SITING PROBLEMS
FLOODING AND LANDSLIDES
CAUSES
OF
DAMAGE
“DISASTER
LABORATORIES”
A DISASTER is ---
The set of failures that overwhelm the
capability of a community to respond
without external help when three
continuums: 1) people, 2) community
(i.e. a set of habitats, livelihoods, and
social constructs), and 3) complex
events (e.g. windstorms, floods)
intersect at a point in space and time.
Disasters are caused by
single- or multiple-event
natural hazards that, (for
various reasons), cause
extreme levels of mortality,
morbidity, homelessness,
joblessness, economic losses,
or environmental impacts.
THE REASONS ARE . . .
When it does happen, the functions
of the community’s buildings and
infrastructure can be LOST.
THE REASONS ARE . . .
The community is UN-
PREPARED for what will likely
happen, not to mention the
low-probability of occurrence,
high-probability of adverse
consequences type of events.
THE REASONS ARE . . .
• The community has NO DISASTER
PLANNING SCENARIO or
WARNING SYSTEM in place as a
strategic framework for early threat
identification and coordinated
local, national, regional, and
international countermeasures.
THE REASONS ARE . . .
• The community LACKS THE
CAPACITY TO RESPOND in a
timely and effective manner to
the full spectrum of expected
and unexpected emergency
situations.
THE REASONS ARE . . .
• The community is INEFFICIENT
during recovery and
reconstruction because it HAS
NOT LEARNED from either the
current experience or the
cumulative prior experiences.
CHILE’S
COMMUNITIESDATA BASES
AND INFORMATION
HAZARDS:GROUND SHAKING
GROUND FAILURE
SURFACE FAULTING
TECTONIC DEFORMATION
TSUNAMI RUN UP
AFTERSHOCKS
•WINDSTORM
HAZARDS
•PEOPLE & BLDGS.
•VULNERABILITY
•LOCATION
WINDSTORM RISK
RISK
ACCEPTABLE RISK
UNACCEPTABLE RISK
GOAL: HURRICANE
DISASTER RESILIENCE
• PREPAREDNESS
•PROTECTION
•EARLY WARNING
•EMERGENCY RESPONSE
•RECOVERY and
RECONSTRUCTION
POLICY OPTIONS
TECHNOLOGIES FOR
MONITORING, FORECASTING,
WARNING, AND DISASTER
SCENARIOS ARE VITAL FOR
SURVIVAL IN A HURRICANE