Different types of Knit Fabric Collection

Fabric

Fabric is one kind of yarn sheet that have a bond which may be made by chemical or mechanical bond and for that which earns strength and show many properties.

Types of fabric

There are four types of fabric,

1. Knitted fabric.2. Woven fabric.3. Non-woven fabric.4. Braid fabric.

Knitted fabric

When a fabric is made by interloping of one set of yarn is called knitted fabric. At list one or one set of yarn is needed to make a knit fabric.

Woven fabric

Woven fabric is a fabric, which is made by the interlacement of two sets of warp and weft yarn. At list two set of yarn is needed to make a woven fabric.

Non-woven fabric

Non-woven fabric is a fabric, which is made by creating of fibre weft and also the fabric have mechanical or chemical bonding that is called non-woven fabric.

Braid fabric

At list three group of yarn from one sets is needed to make a braid fabric.

 

Basic types of weft knitted fabric

1. Plain fabric2. 1×1 Rib fabric.3. 1×1 Interlock fabric4. 1×1 Purl fabric

 

Compare Between Single jersey Fabric and Double jersey Fabric :-

Single jersey fabric

· One set needle is used. · Must be different on fabric back side and face side. · Tendency to curl.

Double jersey fabric

· Two set needles are used. · Normally same on fabric back side and face side. · No tendency to curl.       

Different types of knitted fabrics

· Fleece fabric.                                               · Interlock step fabric. · 1×1 Rib fabric.                                             · Terry fabric. · Polar fleece fabric.                                       · Nackra single jersey fabric. · Drop needle interlock fabric                      . · S\D P.K fabric · Interlock fabric                                          . · Rib-flat black fabric. · Single jersey fabric.                                                                        (Etc) · Single lacoste fabric. · Double lacoste fabric. · Mini mesh fabric. · Pointed drop needle rib fabric. · Micro fabric. · Haney con fabric. · All over print single jersey fabric. · 2×2 Rib fabric. · Y\D P.K fabric.

Weft Knits Weft knits use a single yarn to construct horizontal courses or rows of looped stitches. Each course in a weft knit builds upon the previous knitted course, according to Threads Magazine. On a knitting machine, one yarn fed horizontally through all needles on the machine constructs weft knit fabrics. The yarn configuration of weft knit fabrics gives them ribs or visible vertical columns of loops on the face. Common Types Of Weft Knits :-Common types of weft knits fabric include double knit, jersey knit, rib knit and piquè. Double knits, just as the name implies, uses two sets of yarns on opposed needles resulting in a heavier fabric that looks the same on either side. Double knit fabrics have little stretch, retain their shape and works best for tailored garments. Jersey knits, also known as single knit, have an identifiable right/face

and wrong side. The knit has little, if any, lengthwise stretch and works well when used on form fitting garments such as tank dresses.Rib knits have a visible vertical ribs or columns on both sides of the fabric. Made from two alternating types of stitches, knit and Purl ribs knits have a considerable amount of crosswise stretch but little to no lengthwise stretch. Close-fitting turtlenecks, sweaters and dresses lend themselves well to rib knits due to its considerable crosswise stretch. Piquè knits have defined vertical and crosswise ribs that form small indented boxes between the ribs. Polo T-shirts often use piquè knits.

Warp Knits While weft knit construction utilizes one yarn to construction horizontal rows of stitches,

Threads Magazine states multiple parallel yarns looped vertically at the same time create warp knits. Warp knit fabrics created on a knitting machine use one yarn for each knitting needle. The knitted stitches of warp knits fabrics have a crisscross diagonal appearance that looks smoother than weft knits.

Common Warp Knits Classification of warp knits, according to Threads Magazine, is difficult due to the

complex construction of warp knits. Two common types of warp knit fabrics include tricot and raschel knits. Tricot knit is used primarily in lingerie due to its smooth appearance and texture. The face of tricot knits have fine lengthwise ribs and the back side of the fabric has crosswise ribbing. Raschel knits describe many knitted fabrics with a lace-like or open work knit. Many trendy sweaters and sweater dresses use raschel knits to create knitted lace detailing along garment edges such as hems and necklines.

Samplings of Weft Knit and Warp Knit Fabrics

Weft knit fabric sampling: interlock

A sampling of weft knit fabrics

All weft knits fall into three basic categories: rib knits, which are a combination of knit and purl stitches; purl knits, which are made with purl stitches alone, and jersey knits, which are made with knits stitches on the front and purl stitches on the reverse (see the drawings above). 

Double knitDescription: Made with two sets of yarns, this double-constructed fabric has fine ribs running lengthwise on both sides. Usually looks same on fabric’s face and reverse, making it reversible. Fancy double knits may have novelty stitch on fabric’s face and fine ribs on reverse.Properties: Heavy, firm; usually has almost no stretch in either direction. Good shape retention; cut edges don’t curl.Best use: Tailored garments, like jackets, suits, or sheath dresses. If particular double knit has some crosswise stretch, adjusting pattern (by cutting it slightly smaller in body girth) may be necessary.

InterlockDescription: Compound fabric made by “inter-knitting,” or interlocking, two simple ribbed fabrics, each made with single yarn. Has fine ribs running lengthwise. Fabric’s face and reverse look same, making it reversible.Properties: Almost no lengthwise stretch; more crosswise stretch than double knits or jerseys; fairly good shape retention. Raw or cut edges don’t curl; unravels only from end last knitted.Best use: Wonderful for T-shirts, turtlenecks, casual skirts and dresses, and children’s wear. Because of its crosswise stretch, use pattern designed for interlock knits, or be prepared to adjust pattern.

Jersey knitDescription: Also referred to as plain knit or single knit. Has distinct right and wrong sides, with fine ribs running lengthwise on fabric’s face, and semicircular loops running across reverse. Many variations of stitches and fibers create wide variety of single knits, ranging from delicate openwork to heavy, thick piled fabric.Properties: Little or no lengthwise stretch, varying amounts of crosswise stretch. Curls to fabric’s right side; cut edges unravel only from end knitted last. Best use: Jersey with little or no crosswise or lengthwise stretch (like most wool jerseys) can be used for skirts, blouses, and dresses without pattern adjustments. Jersey with crosswise stretch requires pattern adjustments or pattern designed for crosswise stretch.

Purl knitDescription: Double-faced, reversible fabric produced by intermeshed rows of knit and purl stitches, which appear as loops in crosswise direction. Sometimes called “Links-Links,” from the German word links (“left”), since knitting machine’s mechanism always moves to left. Properties: Usually heavy and bulky; stretches in both directions. Cut edges do not curl.Best use: Sweater-type garments, outerwear.

Rib knitDescription: Double-faced, reversible fabric with distinct vertical ribs on both sides, produced by alternating knit and purl stitches. Ribs can be small (1x1, that is, one knit stitch followed by one purl stitch), thick, (2x2 or 3x3), or uneven (1x3, for example). Properties: Little or no lengthwise stretch, but lots of crosswise stretch and good, natural recovery. Cut edges do not curl.Best use: Because of its elasticity, ideal for trimming other knits (and wovens). Garments made from rib knits are usually close-fitting and therefore use a pattern designed for knits.

A sampling of warp knit fabrics

Because of the multiple-needle configuration of warp-knitting machines, the warp knit fabrics produced can be very complex and intricate in structure; and they don’t fall neatly into groups or categories as weft knits do.

MilaneseDescription: Made from two sets of yarns knitted diagonally. Face has fine vertical rib, and reverse has diagonal structure. Properties: Lightweight, drapey, smooth texture, extremely run-resistant.

Best use: Historically used for gloves and lingerie; makes lovely, soft blouses and eveningwear. May be a little difficult to find, but worth looking for.

RaschelDescription: Raschel-knitting machine produces wide variety of fabrics and can incorporate conventional or novelty yarns, thereby creating interesting textures and surface designs. Knits can be fine and lacey, highly patterned, and even piled. Properties: Runs gamut from dense and compact to open and lofty; can be either

stable or stretchy, and single-faced or reversible.Best use: Almost any garment. Assessing amount of stretch, give, and recovery in a raschel knit is essential, since its nature is so diverse.

TricotDescription: Face has fine lengthwise ribs; reverse has crosswise ribs. Some machines can produce complex patterns, and some can incorporate a weft insertion (extra yarn inserted crosswise) for added texture or color.Properties: Some lengthwise stretch; almost no crosswise stretch. Usually soft and drapey; cut edges tend to curl. Best use: Besides traditional use for lining and lingerie, can be used for blouses and dresses. It’s essential to assess stretch of particular tricot for given project.

More knit samples

Silk jersey interlock knit Acetate slinky rib knit

Nylon/Lycra metallic Rib knit Rayon interlock

Linen/viscose Single knit jersey Nylon Raschel

Tuck and Miss Stitch Of Knit Fabric

Apart from the knitted loop stitch the two most commonly produced stitches are the tuck stitch and the miss stitch (float stitch).

Tuck

A tuck stich is composed of a held loop, one or more tuck loops and knitted loops.  It is produced when a needle holding its loop also receives the new loop.

The tuck loop assumes an inverted U-shaped configuration.

Tuck loops reduce fabric length and length-wise Elasticity because the higher yarn tension on the tuck loop causes then to rob yarn from adjacent knitted loops, making them smaller and providing greater stability and shape retention (Fig 12). 

Figure 12 - Tuck stitch

Miss

A miss stitch or float stich is composed of a held loop, one of more float loops and knitted loops.  It is produced when a needle holding its old loop fails to receive the new yarn that passes, as a float loop to the back of the needle, and to the reverse side of the resultant stich.

A single float has the appearance of a U-shape on the reverse of the stitch.

Miss stitch (float stitch) fabrics are narrower than equivalent all-knit fabric because the wales are drawn closer together by the floats, and reducing width-wise Elasticity and improving fabric stability.

A floating thread is useful for hiding unwanted coloured yarn when producing Jacquard designs.

Figure 13 - Miss stitch