TYPES OF

NUTRITION

AND

THE HUMAN

DIGESTIVE

SYSTEM

The intake of nutrients and utilizing it.

Types of nutrition are:-1.Autotrophic nutrition2.Hetrotrophic nutrition

How does this

plant takes its

food???????

Do you know how

plants get their

food???

You don’t know such a

simple thing?

Plants get their food by

the process of

photosynthesis .

Then what is

photosynthesi

s?

The process by which

plants take in substances

from outside and convert

them into stored form of

energy is known as

photosynthesis.

For photosynthesis

plants need :-

1. Carbon dioxide

2. water

3. & sunlight

1.

2.

Sun rays

3.

Plants contain

chloroplast which makes

plant’s colour green and

helps in photosynthesis.

But what does

chloroplast

contain that helps

in photosynthesis?

Plant cells contain some

green dots which are called

chloroplast which contains

granum & granum contains

chlorophyll.

Plants take up water from the soil by the roots.

Then how does

plants get carbon

dioxide?????????

Plants take

carbon

dioxide

from air.

Plants exchange gases

through stomatal

pores present on the

leaves .The exchange

of gas also occurs

across the surface of

stem , roots & leaves.

Hii friends!! Now let’s learn something about

HETEROTROPHIC NUTRITION.

The type of nutrition which includes the breaking down of complex substances into simpler ones,

before they are utilized by the body is called heterotrophic nutrition.

Solid food is converted into soluble compounds so that it is digested well.

It is a type of nutrition obtained by digesting organic compounds.

PARASITIC NUTRITION???

Parasitic Nutrition is a mode of heterotrophic nutrition where an organism (known as a parasite),

obtain food from other living organisms (known as a host).The parasite either lives on the body surface or inside the body of the

host.

CESTODES LEECH

MITESHELMINTHES

Saprotrophic nutrition is the type of nutrition in which the organisms known

as saprophytes feed on dead or decaying organic matter.

They break--Proteins to amino acids.

-Lipids to fatty acids.-Starch to amylases.

SAPROTROPHIC NUTRITION???

FUNGUS MUCOR

RHISOPUSAGARICUS(MUSHROOM)

Holozoic nutrition is a type of heterotrophic

nutrition which includes taking in the complex substances known as food, and converting

them into simpler forms. The food is taken in, digested, absorbed,

assimilated and then it is ejected.

DOG

FROGHORSE

LIZARD

Do you

know where

does the

digestion

starts?

Its

simple!!digesti

on starts in the

mouth, also

known as the

Buccal Cavity.

Food enters the mouth and it is

crushed with the teeth, which is

known as chewing.

Food gets mixed with the saliva and it is

converted into a

simpler form.

The food gets passed through the oesophagus

by the process of peristalsis.

Hey!! Wait a

minute .

What is

PERISTALSI

S?

Its simple!!

Peristalsis

is huh..eh..

eh.. Let him

explain.

Peristalsis is the

process of

contraction and

relaxation of

muscles of the

oesophagus, which

pushes the food to

the stomach.

Abra kadabra!!

Show me the

second part of

the journey of

food.

Right away sir!! As

you know the food

has now reached

the stomach from

the mouth.

The food reaches the stomach,

where the gastric glands release hydrochloric

acid, mucus and pepsin

Now the food is passed to the

small intestine.

Bile juice from the liver gets

mixed with the food.

Pancreas releases

pancreatic juice.

The inner lining of the small intestine

has numerous finger like

projections called villi.

Villi increases

the surface area

for absorption.

Will anyone

tell me the

functions of

Hydrochlori

c acid,

Mucus and

Pepsin.

Hydrochloric

acid creates

an acidic

medium in

which the

enzyme

known as

pepsin acts

on the food.

And the mucus

protects the

lining of

stomach from

the action of

the

hydrochloric

acid.

But what

about the

functions of

the bile

juice?

Bile juice converts the

acidic food coming

from the stomach to

alkaline, for the

pancreatic juices to

act. Bile salts break

the large fat globules

to smaller globules.

The Gall

Bladder stores

Bile Juice.

The Liver releases Bile

juice.

Then what

are the

pancreatic

juices for?

Pancreatic juices

contain Lipase

for breaking

down emulsified

fats and Trypsin

for digesting

proteins.

The Pancreas secretes Pancreatic Juice

Will you tell me what happens

next?

Its simple!! The food now

enters the Large

Intestine.

DESCENDI

NG COLON

LEFT

SPLENIC

FLEXURE

TRANSVERSE

COLONRIGHT

HEPATIC

FLEXURE

ASCENDIN

G COLON

CECUM

APPENDI

X

SIGMOID

COLON

RECTUM

The food enters the

Large Intestine,

where more villi absorbs

water.

The food is ready for

elimination and it reaches a short tube

called rectum.

The food is eliminated through the

Anus.

DIGESTION FACTS

We eat about 500 kilograms of food per year.

About a quart of saliva is produced each day.

The oesophagus is approximately 8 inches long.

Muscles contract in waves to move the food down the

oesophagus. This means that food would get to a

person's stomach, even if they were standing on their

head.

Adults stomach can hold approximately 1 quart of

material.

Every day 9 quarts of digested food, liquids and digestive

juices

flow through the digestive system, but only two pints are

lost as feaces.

In the mouth, food is either cooled or warmed to a more