UAMBLUAMBL

Unit of Action Maneuver Battle Lab

1

MAJ Rob Barnhill

Future Combat System

To provide an Information Briefing on the Future Combat System, the Unit of Action design and the concepts by which we will fight these new systems.

Purpose

Agenda

• Future Operational Environment• UA Characteristics and

Capabilities• UA Design and Structure• Quality of Firsts• UA Battlespace• What makes this Force Different

Tactics• Hide, Blind, Disperse, Decoy, Hug

• Protect assets from detection

• Trade space & bodies for time

• Use complex terrain to degrade intelligence and reconnaissance

• Oppose access & movement (in CONUS to arrival)

• Force us to occupy large areas

• Combined attrition with information warfare

• Synchronize attacks to maximize stress on US forces

• Use media events to advantage

Doctrine

• Access Denial - encompasses strategic preclusion, operational exclusion and access limitation

• System Warfare - critical links, nodes, seams and vulnerabilities to level the playing field.

• Opportunistic - primarily defensive in nature (regionally), but allowing for offensive maneuver during periods of opportunity.

• Strategic Attack - direct effect on American national will, leadership and strategy.

Operational Environment

Responsive: Embodies time, distance, and sustained momentum

Deployable: Truly responsive forces must be deployable and capable of quickly and rapidly concentrating combat power in an Operational Area.

Agile: Mental and physical agility to transition among the various types of operations.

Versatile: Inherent capacity of Future Force formations to dominate at any point of the Spectrum of Military Operations.

Lethal: When Future Force deploys, every element in the Warfighting formation is capable of generating combat power contributing to the fight.

Survivable: Objective Force takes advantage of technologies that provide maximum protection of the soldier level on or off the platforms.

Sustainable: Reduce logistics footprint and replenishment demand.

X

SBCT

X

Armor

X

Mech Inf

Air Assault

X

SOF III

III

ACR

Light

X

Airborne

X

Future Force Characteristics

UA

• Transportable by C130-like aircraft

• UA deploy in 96 Hours—with ability to Fight on Arrival

• Battle Command on the Move• C4ISR (Battle Command) Network• Networked Army and Joint Fires

• Overmatch in all Conditions/Environments

• Soldiers and Platforms Leverage Active and Passive Force Protection Systems

• Reduced Sustainment Requirements and Logistic Footprint

• Tactical and Operational Mobility

CLOSE WITH AND DESTROY ENEMY FORCES TO SEIZE TERRAIN AND DOMINATE THE BATTLEFIELD

UA Required Capabilities

UA

2550

HHC BIC

3 x 572

177 266

FSB

110 91

NLOS

190

V

88

HHC

622 x 37

MCS

2 x 157

INF

34

RECON

Unit of Action Design

Family of Future Combat Systems

• Soldiers remain the centerpiece of FCS• More important than machines; soldiers win wars,

not machines.• The Soldier is a platform• Tied into the Network• Unmanned technology enhances operations • Armed with increased situational awareness• Knowledge based Battle Command• Physically and psychologically prepared for

non-contiguous warfare• Full spectrum live and virtual training in

multi-disciplined skills

Medical Treatment / Evac

Reconnaissance and Surveillance

NLOS Launch Systems

NLOS Cannon

C2V

MCS - BLOS/LOS

Mortar

TUAVTube-launchedSmall UAV

Unmanned Air Platforms

Class I and II UAVs)

Armed Reconnaissance

Combat Robots Soldier Robots

Class III UAV Class IV UAV

ICV

Infantry Carrier Vehicle

RAH-66 Comanche

Family of Future Combat Systems

ENTRY OPERATIONS

ACTIONS BEFORE FORCES ARE JOINED• Develops Situation out of contact• Decides When / Where to fight • Sets conditions• Maneuvers to position of advantage

ACTIONS DURING CONTACT• Initiates decisive combat at chosen time/place• Continues to develop the situation in contact• Continues to integrate RSTA, maneuver, fires, and the network

TACTICAL ASSAULT• Notion of close combat has expanded, but still must retain capability to

close with and destroy the enemy through assault

TRANSITIONS

SEE FIRSTUNDERSTAND FIRST

ACT FIRSTFINISH DECISIVELY

Transition to next engagement

Conceptual Framework

See the parts:• Detect• Identify• Track

See the Whole:• Aggregate• Fuse

Key Enablers:• Combat Identification

• Reconnaissance

• Organic sensors (robotic, multi-

spectral and disposable)

• UAV

• Embedded platform C4ISR

• Sensor fusion

• Global Information Grid

• Joint C4ISR network

• Leader training

• Real-time mapping

• Inter-agency coordination

Force enemy to see last. Blind him through obscurants, deception, jamming, Pattern avoidance, signature reduction and counter-sensor operations.

See Environment:• Terrain• Weather• Population

See First

See the pattern:• Concept of operations• Scheme of maneuver• Centers of gravity• Decisive points• Vulnerabilities

See the next several moves:• Enemy intent• Where he will go• ID likely methods• Action/reaction/counteraction

Force enemy to understand last by employing deception, pattern Avoidancce and usage of irregular battlefield geometry

Key Enablers:• Pattern analysis & recognition• Experienced based judgment• Knowledge focused• On demand collaboration• Layered, redundant sensors• Reconnaissance by action to compel a response• Force enemy to reveal intent

Understand First

Unit:• Determine options• Decide first• Act to force reaction• Synch fires and maneuver• Establish area of influence• Shape, synch, and then transition to assault

Force enemy to act last or wrong. Deny enemy action by deception, remotely emplacing obstacles, preemptive and immediate counterfire. Jam his computers, automation and weapons control equipment

Key Enablers:• Situational awareness of red/blue• Embedded organizational C4ISR• Enhanced clearance of fires• Sensor-decided-shooter links• Advanced weapons control• Enhanced communications• Battle Command Network• Intent centric not plan centric• GIG and Joint reach capability• In stride obstacle/mine detection• Organic LOS, BLOS and NLOS• Enhanced survivability• UE, Army and Joint fires

Act First

Platform:• Acquire• Shoot• Move• Reengage

• Mission staging of maneuver sustainment• Disrupt communications• Remotely placed obstacles• Logistics efficiency

• No tactical pause• Focus on “Profitable Fight”• Block moves to sanctuary

Key Enablers:• Tactical overmatch • Organic LOS/BLOS/NLOS fires• Organic non-lethal fires• Situational Awareness of Red and Blue• Global information grid and Joint C4ISR network• Scaleable integrated Joint fires and effects•• Vertical maneuver• All forms of Offense

- ExploitationPursuit

• Sustainment for 3 days high optempo • Campaign qualities• Mobility• Assault: Mounted, Dismounted, Mounted sptd by

Dismounted, Dismounted sptd by Mounted

-

Capable of independent action

Finish Decisively

Finish by:• Destroy enemy ability to fight• Eliminate freedom of action• Exploit success• Conduct close combat• Transition to assault• Follow through to enemy destruction

Integrated ConceptsNetworked Fires BLOSMutual SupportCooperative EngagementPoint and ShootNon-Lethal EffectsAir and Missile DefenseAssured MobilitySurvivabilityCBRNTransportabilitySustainability/ReliabilitySustainment DistributionManeuver SustainmentMedical

Joint InteroperabilityInformation AssuranceSituational AwarenessCommon Operating PictureBattle Command on the MoveInformation FusionA2C2Combat IdentificationCommunications/Info SystemDistributive Information DatabaseSensor FusionSurveillance and ReconLayered SensorsUAV EchelonsAir AssaultUnmanned Ground VehiclesAir/Ground IntegrationManned/Unmanned Teaming

Area of Influence Approximate Area of Interest

Plt 8 km r 16 km r

Co 16 km r 30 km r

Bn 30 km r 75 km r

Bde 75 km r 150 km r

Area of Influence: A geographical area in which a commander can directly influence operations by maneuver or fire support system normally under the commander’s command or control. Areas of influence surround and include the associated AO.

Battlespace by Echelon

TSC

CINC AO

Ports of Embarkation

SEALIFTCONUS

Ports of Debarkation

PREPO

Marshall

Air Movement

Sea Movement

Move to POE

Time

Decisive Operations

Alert

Entry Operations

TheaterCBT

Sustain

BE DECISIVEEARLIER

• Minimal prep time required from alert to deploy• More deployable with reduced tonnage• Insert into austere theater through multiple unimproved entry points without relying

on fixed ports and staging bases• UA deploys anywhere in the world in 96 hours after liftoff, a warfighting division on

the ground in 120 hours, and five divisions in theater in 30 days• Deploy by air, ground or sea in support of early and forcible entry operations• Immediately employ using vertical and horizontal maneuver without undergoing

reception and staging• Self-sustain operations for 3 to 7 days upon arrival. UA sustained by UE2 Support

Force

X

ENROUTE REHEARSAL AND MISSION

PLANNING

Deployment

ISR Aircraft

APODJTF HQ

SPOD

MARFORXX

OBJ GOLD

EECP

ARFOR(UE)

APODBCT

UA

UA XXARFOR

(UE)

Coalition Forces

IntegratedNetwork

Joint Interoperability

UE (XX/XXX)

•SIGINTSIGINT•IMINTIMINT•MASINTMASINT•HUMINTHUMINT•CounterintelligenceCounterintelligence

UA Home Sta.Support Node

UA Co

Robotics

UA Co

Robotics

UA Co

Robotics

UA Co

Robotics

Knowledge Centers

ACS

HUMINT

CI

UEDCGS-A

RJU2R

JSTARS

ACS

CIA

Theater/Natio

nal

Enables• Rapid, Leader-Centric Tactical Decisions ▪ Real-Time Common Operating Picture• Independent, Combined Arms Maneuver ▪ Actionable Information at Lowest Level

C4ISR Enablers

CA BnCA Bn

UA (X) UA (X)

Class III UAV

Class IVClass II UAV Class I

UAV

ARV

Comanche

ACSU2R

UGS

Layered Sensors

COP via the DIDb

System Echelon

Opn’l Radius

On Station Time

Operating Altitude

Allocation

UAV (CL I) Plt-Co (54 Units)

8 km (T)

16 km (O)

50 min (T)

90 min (O)

500 ft AGL

10,500 ft MSL

1 x INF Plt 3 x Recon Plt 1 x NLOS Plt 1 x FSB Co

UAV (CL II) Plt-Bn (36 Units)

16 km (T)

30 km (O)

2 hours (T)

5 hours (O)

1,000 ft AGL

11,000 ft MSL

3 x INF Co

1 x MCS Plt

UAV (CL III) Bn (12 Units)

40 km (O)

6 hours (O)

2,000 ft AGL

12,000 ft MSL

3 x Recon Co

3 x NLOS Bn

UAV (CL IV) Bde (8 Systems)

75 km (T)

400 km (O)

5 hours (O)

12 hours (T)

6,500 ft AGL

16,500 ft MSL

8 x AVN Bn

UAV Capability Chart

BCOTM

Sensor to shooter

CBT

CBT

CBT

CBT

Class IV UAV

• Battle Command with actionable information

• Unprecedented opportunity to understand enemy and environment

• Collaborative planning and virtual rehearsals on the move

BCOTM

Class II UAV

4-6 km

3-5 km

2

3

3

2

Class II UAV

Battle Command on the Move

Class III UAV confirms BDA: TARGETSDESTROYED

3. Common Operational picture instantaneously disseminates enemy location to all Blue systems.

2. Network determines shooter and transmits firing data to NLOS systems; establishes sensor to shooter link

1. Comanche identifies enemy systems; transmits sensor data through networked fires application

Networked Fires

FIRE MISSIONACCEPTED

FIRE MISSIONACCEPTED

• Protect the individual soldier from ballistic, flame, thermal, Chemical/Biological, and electromagnetic effects

• Active and Passive ballistic protection systems• Long-range acquisition with assured first round kill• Highly responsive suppression and obscuration fires• Signature management degrades detection and targeting• Superior dash speed from cover to cover• ‘Avenge’ kill capability• Embedded standoff sensor/detector for CBRN hazards• Counter-reconnaissance effort to blind enemy ISR• Hardened from Directed Energy weapons• Employ multi-purpose robots to perform manpower intensive

and high-risk functions• Standoff means to detect and neutralize mines, demolitions

and booby traps

Survivability

Non-Lethal Effects

Non-lethal effects minimize mass physical destruction of people, materiel, infrastructure, and the environment, thus effectively enhancing friendly maneuver operations. Non-Lethal effects are delivered by LOS, BLOS, and NLOS; manned/unmanned systems. The use of non-lethal capabilities provides leaders a means to influence the actions of enemies and civilians/other non-combatants when minimizing collateral damage and undesired casualties.

Incapacitate, suppress, disperse or engage personnel, placesDeny vehicles and personnel access to, use of, or movement through a particular area/pointAlter terrain/environmental conditions to favor “blue”Influence actions of othersSeparate combatants and non-combatants

Bottom Line

• FCS is the Army’s future full spectrum force• Not just a “more better” tank• New doctrine and tactics enabled by technology• Revolutionary increases in application of information• Combat units will:

conduct simultaneous distributed operations develop situation out of contact maneuver to positions of advantage engage enemy beyond range of their weapon destroy him with precision fires at the times and place of our choosing

RAH-66 Comanche

Questions?

MAJ Rob Barnhill

Unit of Action Battle Lab

Fort Knox, KY 40121

(502) 624-1733

Robert.Barnhill@knox.army.mil