Ubiquitous Computing Approaches to Cognitive

RehabilitationMike MassimiHCTP Seminar

October 3, 2007

WARNINGMuddling Ahead

!

ubiquitous computing “off the desktop”pervasive computingsmart environmentscalm computinginternet of thingscontext-aware computingambient intelligencenomadic computingeveryware

ubiquitous computing “off the desktop”pervasive computingsmart environmentscalm computinginternet of thingscontext-aware computingambient intelligencenomadic computingeveryware

Available for the low price

of $9,995!

the 3 studies

• digital life histories for people with AD• sensors to inform clinicians of ritual

performance in OCD patients• mobile phone software to compensate

for proper noun anomia

Study 1 Study 2 Study 3

Clinical population

Alzheimer’s disease (AD)

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)

Older adults with memory complaints of proper name anomia

Ubicomp devices

Wearable camera (SenseCam)

Sensors Mobile phones, ambient displays, laptops

Place Home, outings to places of interest

Home,clinician’s office

Home, neighborhood

study 1

study 1: digital life histories

study 1: digital life histories

study 1: details

• 12 older adults with mild AD• within-subjects design• each participant goes on 3 outings

– SC, authored, no aid

• picture recognition test• number of details recalled• test/review 4 times in following 2

weeks

study 2

• Intrusive, unwanted

thoughts

- “egodystonic”

• Building of anxiety

• Temporary relief through

rituals

• Severe cases may be

homebound

• WHO’s top 10 list of

debilitating mental disorders

obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)

• Intrusive, unwanted thoughts – “egodystonic” but “inside the head”

• Building of anxiety• Temporary relief of anxiety through

rituals• Can be paralyzing, preventing people

from leaving home• WHO’s top 10 list of debilitating mental

disorders

Common obsessions Common compulsions

Contamination fears (45%) Checking (63%)

Repetitive doubts (42%) Washing (50%)

Somatic obsessions (36%) Need to confess (36%)Covert counting (36%)

Need for symmetry (31%) Ordering/symmetry (31%)

Aggressive impulses (28%) Hoarding (18%)

Repeated sexual imagery (26%)

Multiple obsessions (60%) Multiple compulsions (48%)

Fineberg & Roberts, 2001; adapted from Rasmussen & Eisen, 1990n = 250

sensors and activities• contamination

– handwashing– cleaning

• avoidance • agoraphobia• compulsive

eating• somatic tics

study 3

Oh, what was the name of that

nurse I see every time I come

here? I can’t

remember!

1. Names2. Facts3. Objects

…(Cavanaugh et al., 1983)

1. People’s names2. Dates3. Household items

…(Leirer et al., 1990)

1. Names2. Where you put things3. Telephone numbers you

just checked…

7. Faces…(Bolla et al., 1991)

Embarrassment, loss of identity, social isolation ?

communityhouseholdelder

Figure reproduced from Morris et al., 2004.

normal aging and mild impairment

moderate and severeimpairment

WiseGuise home WiseGuise mobileWiseGuise photo

discuss

random thoughts

• triangulating between methods: – questionnaires, interviews, ethnography,

technology probes, field experiments…– change it & see, or see & then change it?

• wary of “overmedicalizing”• changing home and neighborhood as

places where health care is “done”• relevant theories

acknowledgments

• Bell University Laboratories• Microsoft Research, Ltd.• HCTP/CIHR

thanks!

Photo credits

• http://www.flickr.com/photos/benwerd/220934686/

• http://www.flickr.com/photos/cote/54408562/• http://www.flickr.com/photos/

random0/806737150/• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Apple_Lisa.jpg• http://www.flickr.com/photos/drcohen/

297924181/• http://www.flickr.com/photos/heather/263632365/