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Udon Noodle Breeding Daniel Mullan Wheat Breeder, InterGrain Pty Ltd AGIC 9 th March 2015
Udon Noodle Breeding
Daniel Mullan Wheat Breeder, InterGrain Pty Ltd
AGIC 9th March 2015
Breeding for udon noodle wheat
Udon noodle wheats have been an important component of the WA grain industry InterGrain leads the breeding of varie<es for this wheat class
Focus of today: • Breeding objec<ves • Key components of a breeding program for udon noodles • Case study of Zen and Supreme • Challenges and opportuni<es
Critical components for a breeding program
Cri<cal components for the program include:
1. Clear breeding objec<ves 2. Breeding strategy 3. Selec<on technologies 4. End-‐product tes<ng 5. Market acceptance
Breeding targets - Udon
PRIMARY TARGET: Yield and agronomic benefits to growers • Driven by farmer gross margins • Accompanied by advantages in disease resistance and other desirable
traits • Cri<cal to ensuring a sustained industry – maintained supply • This focus has not always been the case..
Breeding targets - Udon
SECONDARY TARGET: Udon quality parameters Quality parameters are s<ll a very important focus Previously quality was the primary focus and: 1. Improvement was made to the quality of the varie<es available for
produc<on 2. However, it didn’t necessarily have a great impact on an improvement in the
quality of the grade Challenges: • Obtaining samples within quality tes<ng parameters • Nature of the sensory tes<ng • Development of technologies to aid selec<on
Critical components for a breeding program
Cri<cal components for the program include:
1. Clear breeding objec<ves 2. Breeding strategy 3. Selec<on technologies 4. End-‐product tes<ng 5. Market acceptance
Case Study
Case study: Zen and Supreme
Zen: Parentage: Based on Calingiri and Wyalkatchem parents Cross <meframe: 2003 Reason: Improvements in yield and noodle colour Supreme: Parentage: Complex cross based on Arrino Cross <meframe: 2003 Reason: Improvements in yield and disease
Breeding approach for Zen and Supreme
2003
2006
2007
2008
2009
2011
2010
2012
2013
2005
2004
2014
2003
2006
2007
2008
2009
2011
2010
2012
2013
2005
2004
KEY FEATURES TIME FRAME • A key driver of gene<c gain (yield and quality) SELECTION PRESSURE • Driver for new technologies • Improves the likelihood of success
Improving selection pressure
Yield • Focus is on field trials • Sta<s<cal and design improvements Disease • U<lisa<on of molecular markers • Fixing disease resistance genes prior to field tes<ng • Monsanto chipper technology Quality • Focus on early genera<on screening • Flour swelling volume – starch proper<es • NIR – eg flour colour
Breeding approach for Zen and Supreme
2003
2006
2007
2008
2009
2011
2010
2012
2013
2005
2004
2014
2003
2006
2007
2008
2009
2011
2010
2012
2013
2005
2004
KEY FEATURES TIME FRAME • A key driver of gene<c gain (yield and quality) SELECTION PRESSURE • Driver for new technologies • Improves the likelihood of success CLASSIFICATION TESTING • Ini<ated in the final 3 years of tes<ng • Relies on suitable tes<ng environments
and results • Designed to ensure market acceptance
Classification testing requirements
Physical, milling and dough rheology tes<ng +
Sensory assessment by a panel of experts (including Japanese representa<ves include:
RAW SHEETS Colour Colour stability Specks BOILED UDON Visual characters -‐ Colour
-‐ Surface appearance Textural characters -‐ Balance soj/hard
-‐ Elas<city/S<ckiness -‐ Smoothness
The results: Zen – Yield
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
< 2 t/ha 2 -‐ 3 t/ha 3 -‐ 4 t/ha 4 -‐ 5 t.ha 5+ t/ha
Zen
Calingiri
Arrino
Fortune
Mace
The results: Zen – Quality
General sensory performance: Raw Sheet Colour: Equals Fortune Boiled Noodle Colour: Equals Fortune, below Cadoux, Boiled Noodle Hardness: Below Arrino, equals Cadoux and Fortune Elas<city/S<ckiness: Slightly below Fortune, equals Cadoux Overall: Improved yield over Calingiri (5-‐10%) – s<mulate grower demand? Improved disease profile Improved end-‐product quality characteris<cs over Calingiri -‐ colour
The results: Supreme - Yield
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
< 2 t/ha 2 -‐ 3 t/ha 3 -‐ 4 t/ha 4 -‐ 5 t.ha 5+ t/ha
Supreme
Calingiri
Arrino
Fortune
Mace
The results: Supreme - Quality
General sensory performance: Raw Sheet Colour: Improvement on Cadoux and Fortune Boiled Noodle Colour: Improvement on Cadoux and Fortune Boiled Noodle Hardness: Equals Fortune Elas<city/S<ckiness: Equals Arrino, beoer than Cadoux, Calingiri, Fortune Overall: Improved yield over Arrino (5-‐10%) – s<mulate grower demand? Improved disease profile Improved end-‐product quality characteris<cs – Premium quality type
What now for Zen and Supreme? • Officially released Spring 2014 • Growers fields for the first <me in 2015/16 • Harvest of 2016/17 will be the first produc<on year for sizeable export
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19
ContribuGon of udon variety to udon receivals
Calingiri
Zen
Supreme
Fortune
Yandanooka
Binnu
In Conclusion: Challenges and Opportunities Price v Produc<on • Level and vola<lity are challenges • We expect 2015 plan<ng to be reduced • We expect produc<on to be at least 10% in the medium
term – IG will reconsider posi<on if levels are below this Expansion of the growing area • South Australia poten<al Poten<al for use in cracker produc<on • 11.0% – 12.5% protein • Low water absorp<on • Good extensibility
