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UJIAN 1 SAINS TINGKATAN 5

Nama: Multiple-choice Question 1 Which is the smallest micro-organism?

Mikroorganisma yang manakah paling kecil?

A. Algae [Alga] B. Virus [Virus] C. Fungi [Kulat] D. Bacteria [Bakteria]

2 The figure shows an experiment to study the growth of bacteria at room temperature. Rajah menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji pertumbuhan bakteria pada suhu bilik. In this experiment, the factor to be studied is Dalam eksperimen ini, faktor yang dikaji ialah

A. pH [pH] B. light [cahaya] C. nutrient [nutrien] D. temperature [suhu]

3 Which disease is spread by houseflies? Apakah penyakit yang disebarkan oleh lalat?

A. Dengue [Denggi] B. Cholera [Taun] C. Malaria [Malaria] D. Hepatitis B [Hepatitis B]

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4 Which is an effective method to prevent ringworm? Apakah cara yang sesuai untuk mencegah penyakit kurap?

A. Injection [Suntikan] B. Sterilizatio [Pensterilan] C. Vector control [Kawalan vector] D. Personal hygiene [Kebersihan diri]

5 Which disease cannot be prevented by vaccination? Apakah penyakit yang tidak boleh dicegah melalui pemvaksinan?

A. Rubella [Rubela] B. Tetanus [Kancing gigi] C. Malaria [Malaria] D. Hepatitis B [Hepatitis B]

6 The diagram shows microorganisms P, Q, R and S.

Rajah menunjukkan mikroorganisma P,Q,R dan S. Which of the following classifications are correct? Antara berikut manakah pengelasan yang betul? Bacteria Protozoa Bakteria Protozoa A. P and S R and Q B. P and R Q and S C. R and Q P and S D. Q and S P and R

7 The diagram shows the reproduction of a microorganisms Rajah menunjukkan proses pembiakan satu mikroorganisma.

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What is the method of this reproduction? Apakah cara pembiakan ini?

A. Budding [Pertunasan] B. Binary fission [Belahan dedua] C. Conjugation [Konjugasi] D. Spore formation [Pembentukan spora]

8 Which of the following shows the microorganisms in descending order of size

from the largest to the smallest? [Antara yang berikut, yang manakah menunjukkan susunan saiz mikroorganisma daripada yang paling besar kepada yang paling kecil?] A. Bacteria, fungi, viruses [Bakteria, kulat, virus] B. Fungi, bacteria, virus [Kulat, bakteria, virus] C. Viruses, fungi, bacteria [Virus, kulat, bakteria] D. Viruses, bacteria, fungi [ Virus, bakteria, kulat]

9 Which of the following causes venereal disease? Antara berikut yang manakah menyebabkan penyakit kelamin?

A. Virus [Virus] B. Fungus [Kulat] C. Bacteria [Bakteria] D. Protozoa [Protozoa]

10 The diagram shows a type of microorganism

Rajah menunjukkan sejenis mikroorganisma. What is the microorganism? Apakah mikroorganisma tersebut?

A. Yeast [Yis] B. Mucor [Mukor] C. Euglena [Euglena] D. Paramecium [Paramesium]

11 The diagram shows two types of food.

Rajah menunjukkan dua jenis bahan makanan.

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Which of the following microorganisms is used to produce the food? Antara mikroorganisma berikut yang manakah digunakan untuk menghasilkan makanan itu?

A. Yeast [Yis] B. Algae [Alga] C. Bacteria [Bakteria] D. Protozoa [Protozoa]

12 The diagram shows an example of a vector.

Rajah menunjukkan contoh sejenis vektor The disease spread by the vector is Penyakit yang disebarkan oleh vektor itu adalah

A. Tuberculosis [Batuk Kering] B. Cholera [Taun] C. Mumps [Beguk] D. Malaria [Malaria]

13 Penicillin is an Penisilin adalah sejenis

A. antigen [antigen] B. antiseptic [antiseptik] C. antitoxin [antitoksin] D. antibiotic [antibiotik]

14 The following information shows the classification of microorganisms.

Maklumat berikut menunjukkan pengelasan mikroorganisma

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What is microorganism X? Apakah mikroorganisma X?

A. Algae [Alga] B. Virus [Virus] C. Bacteria [Bakteria] D. Protozoa [Protozoa]

15 Which of the following can produce antibodies?

Antara yang berikut, yang manakah boleh menghasilkan antibodi?

A. Vectors [Vektor] B. Vaccines [Vaksin] C. Antibiotics [Antibiotik] D. White blood cells [Sel darah putih]

16 The microorganism which helps the digestion of cellulose in herbivores is Mikroorganisma yang membantu proses pencernaan selulosa bagi herbivor ialah

A. Algae [Alga] B. Fungi [Kulat] C. Virus [Virus] D. Bacteria [Bakteria]

17 Which of the following disease is cause by bacteria? Antara penyakit berikut yang manakah disebabkan oleh bakteria?

A. AIDS [AIDS] B. Dengue [Denggi] C. Malaria [Malaria] D. Tuberculosis [Batuk kering]

18 An individual can acquire artificial passive immunity after Seorang individu boleh memperolehi keimunan pasif buatan selepas

A. drinking mothers milk [meminum susu ibu] B. being injected with vaccine [disuntik dengan vaksin] C. recovering from the illness [pulih daripada penyakit] D. being injected with antiserum [disuntik dengan antiserum]

19 Diagram 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of bacteria

colonies and temperature. [Rajah 13 ialah graf yang menunjukkan hubungan antara bilangan koloni bakteria dan suhu.]

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What is the optimum temperature for the growth of the bacteria? [Berapakah suhu optima bagi pertumbuhan bakteria itu?]

A. 0oC B. 30oC C. 35oC D. 60oC

20 Which microorganism reproduces through spore formation?

[Mikroorganisma yang manakah membiak melalui pembentukan spora?]

A. Virus B. Fungi C. Algae D. Yeast

21 Which method is the most suitable way to prevent cholera? [Kaedah manakah yang paling sesuai untuk mencegah penyakit taun?]

A. Sterilisation [Pensterilan] B. Vector control [Kawalan vector] C. Vaccine injection [ Suntikan vaksin] D. Serum injection [Suntikan serum]

22 The microorganisms used in genetic engineering to produce penicillin is

[Mikroorganisma yang digunakan dalam kejuruteraan genetic untuk menghasilkan penisilin ialah]

A. Algae [Alga] B. Fungi [Kulat] C. Bacteria [ Bakteria] D. Protozoa [Protozoa]

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A boy and his family have the following symptoms. [Seorang budak lelaki dan keluarganya mempunyai gejala-gejala berikut]

White spots on the skin [Tompok putih pada kulit

Spots appear on the face, neck and arms [Tompok kelihatan pada muka, leher dan lengan

Which of the following can spread this disease? [Antara yang berikut, yang manakah boleh menyebarkan penyakit ini?]

A. Through mosquito bites B. Eating uncovered food C. Drinking unboiled water D. Sharing towels or clothes

24 Diagram 9 shows a vector which carries an infectious disease. [Rajah 9 menunjukkan satu vector yang membawa sejenis penyakit berjangkit.] Which method is used to control the reproduction of the vector? [Kaedah yang manakah digunakan untuk mengawal pembiakan vektor itu?]

A. Dispose of garbage in covered garbage bins [Membuang sampah ke dalam tong sampah yang bertutup] B. Cover the surface of ponds with oil [Selaputi permukaan kolam dengan minyak] C. Sleep under a mosquito net [Tidur di dalam kelambu] D. Rear guppy fish [Membela ikan gapi]

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Which microorganisms is an algae? Mikroorganisma yang manakah adalah alga?

26 Diagram 11 shows an insect which can spread the pathogen of the disease? Rajah 11 menunjukkan sejenis serangga yang boleh menyebabkan patogen sejenis penyakit.

What is the disease? Apakah penyakit itu? A AIDS B Cholera AIDS Taun C Malaria D Hepatitis B Malaria Hepatitis B

27 An outbreak of dengue fever has occurred in a village. What action can be taken to control the outbreak? Wabak demam denggi telah berlaku di sebuah kampung.Apakah tindakan yang boleh diambil untuk mengawal wabak tersebut?

A Cover the food B Clear out stagnant water Tutup makanan Hapuskan air bertakung

C Avoid contact with the patients D Have an efficient sanitary system Elak bersentuhan dengan pesakit Mewujudkan sistem pembuangan najis yang efisye

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Which diagram shows an algae? Rajah manakah yang menunjukkan alga?

29 Table 2 shows the result of an experiment to study the effect of temperature on the growth of bacteria. Jadual 2 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan suhu ke atas pertumbuhan bakteria.

Temperature (oC) Suhu (oC)

Size of bacteria colony after 24 hours (mm) Saiz koloni bakteria selepas 24 jam (mm)

5 2

15 5

25 8

35 11

60 3

Table 2 Jadual 2 What is the most suitable temperature for the growth of bacteria? Apakah suhu yang paling sesuai bagi pertumbuhan bakteria?

A 5 oC B 15 oC

C 35 oC D 60 C

30 Which microorganisms can be used to make a vaccine? Mikroorganisma manakah yang boleh digunakan untuk membuat vaksin?

A Algae B Virus Alga Virus

C Fungi D Protozoa Kulat Protozoa

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31 The figure shows a change in the lumen size of an artery. Rajah menunjukkan perubahan saiz lumen arteri.

Which class of food can cause the change? Kelas makanan yang manakah boleh menyebabkan perubahan tersebut? A. Fat [Lemak] C. Roughage [Pelawas] B. Protein [Protein] D. Carbohydrate [Karbohidrat] 32 Study the table below. Kaji jadual di bawah

Food [Makanan]

Calorific value/kJ per 100 g [Nilai kalori/kJ per 100 g]

Egg [Telur] 600

Meat [Daging] 1010

Rice [Nasi] 1470

What is the calorific value consumed by a teenager if he eats 250 g egg, 150

g meat and 200 g rice? Berapakah nilai kalori yang diperoleh seorang remaja yang makan 250 g

telur, 150 g daging dan 200 g nasi? A. 3080 kJ C. 4850 kJ B. 4825 kJ D. 5955 kJ

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33 Which of these elements required by plants is a micronutrient? Antara unsur berikut, yang manakah merupakan mikronutrien yang

diperlukan oleh tumbuhan? A. Boron [Boron] C. Potassium [Kalium] B. Calcium [Kalsium] D. Magnesium [Magnesium]

34 The microorganism responsible for converting nitrates into nitrogen gas is Mikroorganisma yang bertanggungjawab untuk menukarkan nitrat kepada

gas nitrogen ialah A. nitrifying bacteria C. decomposing bacteria bakteria penitritan bakteria pengurai B. denitrifying bacteria D. nitrogen-fixing bacteria bacteria pendenitritan bakteria pengikat nitrogen 35 Individuals in cold climates need food that are rich in fat Individu di kawasan beriklim sejuk memerlukan makanan berlemak untuk

A. To increase adipose tissue [menambahkan tisu lemak] B. to replace the heat lost [menggantikan haba yang hilang]

B. to develop more body cells [membina lebih banyak sel badan]

C. to increase metabolic rate [meningkatkan kadar metabolismenya]

36 The table shows the caloric values for three food classes. Jadual menunjukkan nilai kalori bagi tiga kelas makanan.

Food class [Kelas makanan]

Calorific value per gram/kJ g-1

[Nilai kalori per gram/kJ g-1

]

Protein [Protein] 16.7

Fat [Lemak] 37.6

Carbohydrate [Karbohidrat] 16.7

Asiah eat food X which contains 2 g of protein, 2.5 g of fat and 6 g of

carbohydrate. What is the caloric value of food X? Asiah memakan makanan X yang mengandungi 2 g protein, 2.5 g lemak,

dan 6 g karbohidrat. Berapakah nilai kalori makanan X? A. 74.6 kJ C. 227.6 kJ B. 71.0 kJ D. 710.0 kJ

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37 The word equation below shows a reaction in plants. Persamaan perkataan di bawah menunjukkan satu tindak balas dalam tumbuhan

What is X? Apakah X?

A. Fat [Lemak] C. Vitamin [Vitamin] B. Protein [Protein] D. Glucose [ Glukosa]

38 The elements contained in fat other than carbon are Unsur-unsur yang terkandung dalam lemak selain daripada karbon ialah A. sulphur and oxygen [sulfur dan oksigen] B. nitrogen and oxygen [nitrogen dan oksigen] C. hydrogen and oxygen [hidrogen dan oksigen] D. hydrogen and nitrogen [hidrogen dan nitrogen] 39 What is meant by balanced diet? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan gizi seimbang?

A. The food taken by an individual according to is appetite Makanan yang diambil mengikut selera individu. B. The food that can help an individual to resist disease Makanan yang dapat membantu individu untuk menghalang penyakit.

C. The food that contains sufficient proportion of all classes of food Makanan yang mengandungi semua kelas makanan dengan nisbah yang betul

D. The food that provides energy to maintain an individuals physical activities

Makanan yang membekalkan tenaga untuk mengekalkan kegiatan fizikal individu 40 The table shows the caloric values of three types of food. Jadual menunjukkan nilai kalori bagi tiga jenis makanan.

Food

[Makanan]

Calorific value /kJ g-1

[Nilai kalori /kJ g-1

]

Bread [Roti] 10.12

Hard-boiled egg [Telur rebus] 6.59

Milk [Susu] 2.68

Sunlight [Cahaya matahari]

Carbon dioxide + water oxygen + X [Karbon dioksida + air] [oksigen + X] Chlorophyll [Klorofil]

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A pupil takes 20 g of bread, 10 g of hard-boiled egg and 100g of milk for his breakfast. What is the total energy consumed?

Seorang murid mengambil 20 g roti, 10 g telur rebus dan 100g susu untuk sarapannya. Berapakah jumlah tenaga yang diperolehinya?

A. 0.85 kJ C. 193.90 kJ B. 19.39 kJ D. 536.30 kJ 41 The diagram shows an experiment to study the nutrients needed for seedling

growth. Gambarajah menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji keperluan nutrient

terhadap pertumbuhan anak benih.

42 Which method is used to ensure the normal growth of the seedling? Apakah cara yang digunakan untuk memastikan pertumbuhan anak benih

normal?

A. Knops solution is coloured [Larutan kultur Knop diwarnakan] B. Cotton wool is replaced with a cork [Kapas diganti dengan penutup gabus]

C. The apparatus is not exposed to the light Radas tidak didedahkan kepada cahaya

D. The boiling tube is wrapped with black paper Tabung didih dibalut dengan kertas hitam

Light [Cahaya]

Boiling tube [Tabung didih]

Knops solution [Larutan Kultur Knop]

Seedling [Anak benih]

Cotton wool [Kapas]

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43 The diagram shows the roots of a leguminous plant. Gambar rajah menunjukkan akar tumbuhan kekacang.

What type of bacteria is found in S? Apakah jenis bacteria yang terdapat dalam S? A. Putrefying bacteria C. Denitrifying bacteria [Bakteria pereput] [Bakteria pendenitritan] B. Nitrifying bacteria D. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria [Bakteria penitritan] [Bakteria pengikat nitrogen]

44 Which statement describes a plant as a producer? Pernyataan yang manakah menerangkan tumbuhan sebagai pengeluar?

A. The dead plant is decomposed Tumbuhan yang mati mengalami pereputan

B. The plant is a source of food for animals Tumbuhan adalah sumber makanan bagi haiwan

C. The plant releases oxygen during photosynthesis Tumbuhan membebaskan oksigen semasa fotosintesis

D. The plant grows healthier with sufficient nutrients Tumbuhan tumbuh sihat apabila mendapat nutrien yang cukup

45 Table shows the caloric value of three types of food . Jadual menunjukkan nilai kalori bagi tiga jenis makanan.

Food [Makanan]

Calorific value /kJ g-1

[Nilai kalori /kJ g-1

]

Bread [Roti] 10.0

Butter [Mentega] 30.0

Orange juice [Jus oren] 2.0

Ali takes breakfast which contsists of 10 g of bread, 5 g of butter and 100g of orange juice. Calculate the total calorific value taken. Ali mengambil sarapan yang terdiri daripada 10 g roti, 5 g mentega dan 100g jus oren. Hitungkan jumlah nilai kalori yang diambilnya.

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A. 42 kJ C. 157 kJ B. 115 kJ D. 450 kJ 46 Diagram shows part of a nitrogen cycle. Rajah menunjukkan sebahagian daripada kitar nitrogen.

Which of the following A, B, C or D is the part where denitrifying bacteria function? Antara bahagian A, B, C dan D dimanakah bakteria pendenitritan berfungsi?

47 A plant is known as a producers because it can Tumbuhan dikenali sebagai pengeluar kerana ia boleh A. use oxygen [menggunakan oksigen] B. carry out photosynthesis [ menjalankan fotosintesis] C. absorb nutrients from the soil [ menyerap nutrient dari tanah] D. produce carbon dioxide [mengeluarkan karbon dioksida] 48 Table shows the calorific values of different classes of food. Jadual menunjukkan nilai kalori bagi kelas makanan yang berbeza.

Class of food [Kelas makanan]

Calorific value (kJ/g)

[Nilai kalori (kJ/g)]

Protein [Protein] 16.7

Carbohydrate [Karbohidrat] 16.7

Fat [Lemak] 37.6

Nitrogen in atmosphere [Nitrogen di atmofera]

Cows [Lembu]

Plants [Tumbuhan]

Nitrates in the soil [Nitrat dalam tanah]

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A piece of cake contains 5 g of protein, 10 g of carbohydrate and 3 g of fat. Calculate the total calorific value of the cake. Sekeping kek mengandungi 5 g protein, 10 g karbohidrat dan 3 g lemak. Hitung jumlah nilai kalori kek itu.

A. 3.9 kJ C. 363.3 kJ B. 71.0 kJ D. 1278.0 kJ

49 Deficiency of which class of food causes kwashiorkor? Kekurangan kelas makanan yang manakah menyebabkan penyakit kwasyiorkor?

A. Fat [Lemak] C. Protein [Protein] B. Vitamin [Vitamin] D. Carbohydrate [Karbohidrat] 50 Diagram shows part of the nitrogen cycle. Rajah menunjukkan sebahagian daripada kitar nitrogen.

What are the processes at P and Q? Apakah proses di P dan Q?

P Q

A. Decomposition Penguraian

Nitrification Penitritan

B. Nitrification Penitritan

Decomposition Penguraian

C. Denitrification Pendenitritan

Absorption Penyerapan

D. Absorption Penyerapan

Denitrification Pendenitritan

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51 Diagram is a graph showing the total energy required by men of different occupations.

Rajah ialah graf yang menunjukkan jumlah tenaga yang diperlukan oleh lelaki yang berlainan pekerjaan.

Which occupation represents Q? Pekerjaan yang manakah mewakili Q?

A. Clerk [Kerani] C. Teacher [Guru] B. Doctor [Doktor] D. Labourer [Buruh] 52 Table shows the calorific value of different types of food. Jadual menunjukkan nilai kalori bagi jenis makanan yang berbeza.

Food [Makanan]

Calorific value/kJ per 100 g [Nilai kalori/kJ per 100 g]

Egg [Telur] 665

Lamb [Daging biri-biri] 643

Chicken [Ayam] 827

Fish [Ikan]

433

Which food contributes the highest calorific value? Makanan yang manakah menyumbang nilai kalori paling tinggi?

A. 100 g of lamb [100g daging biri-biri] B. 150 g of chicken [150 g ayam] C. 200 g of eggs [200 g telur] D. 250 g of fish [250 g ikan]

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53 Which nutrient is needed for the healthy growth of roots in plants? Nutrien yang manakah diperlukan untuk pertumbuhan akar pokok yang

sihat?

A. Sulphur [Sulfur] C. Potassium [Kalium] B. Nitrogen [Nitrogen] D. Phosphorus [Fosforus] 54 Diagram shows part of the nitrogen cycle. Rajah menunjukkan sebahagian daripada kitar nitrogen.

What is R? Apakah R? A. Nitrate [Nitrat] C. Ammonia [Ammonia] B. Nitrite [Nitrit] D. Ammonium [Ammonium]

55 Which food has the highest calorific value? Makanan manakah yang mempunyai nilai kalori paling tinggi?

Nitrogen in athmosphere [Nitrogen di atmosfera]

R in the soil [R dalam tanah]

Lightning Kilat

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56 The table below shows the calorific value for three types of food. Jadual di bawah menunjukkan nilai kalori untuk tiga jenis makanan.

Food Makanan

Calorific value (kJ g-1 ) Nilai kalori (kJ g-1 )

Chapati Capati

3.0

Milk Susu

2.7

Orange Oren

2.0

A boy eats 40 g of chapati, 200 g of milk and 50 g of orange. Calculate the calorific value in his food. Seorang budak lelaki makan 40 g capati, 200 g susu dan 50 g oren. Hitung nilai kalori dalam makanannya. A. 7.7 kJ B. 16.2 kJ

C. 290 kJ D. 760 kJ

57 Ali has a papaya tree that bears fruit which takes a long time to ripen. Which

element should be added to the fertilizer to overcome this problem? Ali mempunyai pokok betik yang menghasilkan buah yang lambat masak. Unsur manakah yang perlu ditambah kepada baja untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut?

A. Calcium B. Phosphorus Kalsium Fosforus C. Nitrogen D. Magnesium

Nitrogen Magnesium 58 A farmer finds the soil fertility decreases after palnting sweet potatoes. Which plant is suitable to regain the fertility of the soil?

Seorang petani mendapati kesuburan tanah merosot selepas ditanam dengan ubi keledek. Apakah tanaman yang sesuai ditanam untuk meningkatkan kesuburan tanah tersebut? A. Spinach B. Maize

Bayam Jagung C. Watermelon D. Groundnuts

Tembikai Kacang tanah

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1. 59 The diagram below shows a symptom of nutrient deficiency. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu simptom kekurangan nutrient.

A. Diabetes B. Anorexia Diabetes Anoreksia

B. Kwashiorkor D. Arteriosclerosis

Kwasyorkor Arteriosklerosis 60 The table below shows the calorific value for three samples of food. Jadual di bawah menunjukkan nilai kalori untuk tiga sample makanan.

Food Makanan

Calorific value (kJ g-1 ) Nilai kalori (kJ g-1 )

Rice Nasi

15.0

Egg Telur

6.5

Orange juice Jus oren

2.5

A student takes breakfast which consists of 30 g of rice, 20 g of egg and 120 g of orange juice. What is the total calorific value taken by the student? Seorang murid mengambil sarapan yang terdiri daripada 30 g nasi, 20 g telur dan 120 g jus oren. Berapakah jumlah nilai kalori yang diambil oleh murid itu?

A. 24 kJ B. 170 kJ C. 880 kJ D. 4080 kJ

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Structured Questions 1. Figure 1 shows various classes of microorganisms. Rajah 1 menunjukkan pelbagai kelas mikroorganisma.

FIGURE 1

a) Name the class of microorganisms in Figure 1. Namakan setiap kelas mikroorganisma dalam Rajah1. A : ________________________________________________________ B : ________________________________________________________ C : ________________________________________________________ D : ________________________________________________________ E : ________________________________________________________ ( 5 marks) b) State two types of disease that are caused by microorganism B and C? Nyatakan dua jenis penyakit yang disebabkan oleh mikroorganisma B dan C? (i) _______________________________________________________ (ii) _______________________________________________________ (2 marks) c) From the Figure 2, which microorganism that is used in making bread or baking cake? Mikroorganisma manakah yang digunakan dalam pembuatan roti dan kek daripada Rajah 2? ________________________________________________________________ (1 mark)

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d) Complete the table below to shows the factors that affect the growth of microorganisms. Lengkapkan jadual di bawah untuk menunjukkan factor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan mikroorganisma.

1.Nutrient [Nutrient]

2. .. 3. Light [Cahaya]

4. 5. ..

(3 marks) e) Mark ( ) the microorganisms below that are classified as protozoa.

Tandakan ( ) pada mikroorganisma di bawah yang dikelaskan sebagai protozoa.

Bacteriophage

Amoeba

Paramecium

(2 marks)

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2 Diagram 2 shows the life cycle of the mosquito. Gambarajah di bawah menunjukkan kitaran hidup nyamuk.

DIAGRAM 2

(a) Name stage Y and Z. Namakan peringkat Y dan Z.

Stage Y [Peringkat Y] : ................................................................ Stage Z [Peringkat Z] : ..................................................................

(b) State one method how mosquito at stage W and Z can be controlled? Nyatakan satu kaedah bagaimana nyamuk di peringkat W dan Z boleh dikawal? W: .......................................................................................................... Z : ..........................................................................................................

(c) State one reason why mosquito is considered as a vector? Nyatakan satu sebab mengapa nyamuk dianggap sebagai vector?

.

(d) Complete the table below.

Lengkapkan jadual di bawah.

Name of mosquitoes (Nama nyamuk)

Disease (Penyakit)

Anopheles

Aedes

water

water

Water (air)

water

Water (air)

Water (air)

X

Z

W

Y

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3 Figure 7 shows part of a Nitrogen Circle.

[Rajah 7 menunjukkan sebahagian daripada Kitar Nitrogen]

Rajah 7

(a) (i) Complete the cycle above to identify substance R in Figure 7. [Lengkapkan kitar di atas untuk mengenal pasti bahan R dalam Rajah 7.] .

(ii) What state must the nitrates be in to be absorbed by the plants? [Apakah keadaan nitrat yang boleh diserap oleh tumbuhan?] .

[2 marks]

(b) Name the types of bacteria involved in processes P and Q. [Namakan jenis bakteria yang terlibat dalam proses P dan proses Q] (i) Process P [Proses P]: . (ii) Process Q [Proses Q]: .

[2 marks]

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(c) Name one plant involved in process P. [Namakan satu tumbuhan yang terlibat dalam proses P] .

[1 mark]

(d)

Give one example of a chemical fertilizer which increases nitrate content in soil. [Berikan satu contoh baja kimia yang menambahkan kandungan nitrat dalam tanah] .

[1 mark]

4 Diagram 8 shows a green plant under the sunlight. [Rajah 8 menunjukkan tumbuhan hijau di bawah sinaran matahari] Diagram 8

(a) What is gas X? [Apakah gas X?] .

[1 mark]

(b) (i) What process takes place in the green plant in Diagram 8? [Apakah proses yang berlaku pada tumbuhan hijau dalam Rajah 8?] .

[1 mark]

(ii) Write down the word equation for the process in 8(b)(i). [Tuliskan persamaan perkataan bagi proses di 8(b)(i)] .

[1 mark]

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(c) (i) Name the pigment found in the leaves involved in the process in Diagram 8. [Namakan pigmen pada daun yang terlibat dalam proses pada Rajah 8] .

[1 mark]

(ii) What is the function of the pigment in 8(c)(i)? [Apakah fungsi pigmen di 8(c)(i)?] .

[1 mark]

(d) State one benefit of the process in 8(b)(i) to living things. [Nyatakan satu kepentingan proses 8(b)(i) kepada benda hidup] .

[1 mark]