ULTRA HD RESOLUTIONTHE FUTURE OF RESOLUTIONS

RESOLUTION IS DETERMINED BY THE NUMBER OF PIXELS THAT ARE ARRANGED

HORIZONTALLY AND VERTICALLY ACROSS THE SCREEN.

A PIXEL IS THE SMALLEST POSSIBLE INDIVIDUAL POINT OF LIGHT THAT MAKES UP AN

IMAGE ON A SCREEN.

MORE PIXELS CLEARER THE IMAGE

THE ASPECT RATIO DESCRIBES THE PROPORTIONS OF THE WIDTH AND HEIGHT OF

THE SCREEN.

Think of the difference between today's rectangular, slim tvs and the square-shaped

screens of bulky tvs used 10 years ago -- those older models featured a 4:3 aspect ratio.

nowadays, you're likely looking at a tv with a 16:9 aspect ratio -- the same as a movie

theater screen.

THE FRAME RATE DESCRIBES HOW MANY TIMES PER SECOND THE PICTURE REFRESHES

ON THE SCREEN

WHAT IS ULTRA HD ?

• ULTRA HIGH DEFINITION TELEVISION (ALSO KNOWN AS ULTRA HD

TELEVISION, UHDTV OR UHD) INCLUDES 4K UHD (2160P) AND 8K UHD (4320P)

• ULTRA HD IS AN TERM BY CEA IN , USED TO DESCRIBE A NEW HIGH RESOLUTION

VIDEO FORMAT WITH A MINIMUM RESOLUTION OF 3840 × 2160 PIXELS IN A 16 ×

9 ASPECT RATIO.

Rec. 2020 defines various aspects of ultra high definition television(UHDTV) such as display resolution, frame rate, chroma subsampling, bit depth, and color space.

Diagram shows the Rec. 2020 (UHDTV)colour space in the triangle and the location of the primary colors. Rec. 2020 uses Illuminant D65 for the white point.

• ILLUMINANT D65 IS A COMMONLY USED STANDARD ILLUMINANT DEFINED BY

THE INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ILLUMINATION

• IT IS PART OF THE D SERIES OF ILLUMINANTS THAT TRY TO PORTRAY STANDARD

ILLUMINATION CONDITIONS AT OPEN-AIR IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE WORLD.

• DIGITAL REPRESENTATION

REC. 2020 DEFINES A BIT DEPTH OF EITHER 10-BITS PER SAMPLE OR 12-BITS PER

SAMPLE

• HDMI 2.0

EXPANDS THE 4K (2160P) RESOLUTION COMPATIBILITY OF HDMI 1.4/1.4A TO

ACCEPT EITHER 50HZ OR 60HZ FRAME RATES (MAXIMUM 18 GBPS TRANSFER RATE

WITH 8 BIT COLOR).

COMPARISON - HDTV VS. UHDTV

UHDTV HAS16 TIMES THE RESOLUTION OF ANYTHING WE CURRENTLY HAVE NOW IN

HIGH DEFINITION

THE PROJECTED IMAGES WILL BE CRAMMED WITH 32 MILLION PIXELS, COMPARED

TO THE CURRENT HD EXPERIENCE THAT DISPLAYS ABOUT TWO MILLION PIXELS

RESOLUTION WILL BE RICH BUT SCREEN ENDS UP BEING QUITE LARGE.

DEVELOPERS EXPECT THE CONSUMER VERSIONS WILL BE BETWEEN ABOUT 100 AND

200 INCHES (254 AND 508 CENTIMETERS) IN SIZE.

DESPITE THE DIFFERENCES IN RESOLUTION AND FRAME RATE, THE CURRENT PLAN

IS TO RETAIN HDTV'S ASPECT RATIO OF 16:9

MASSIVE NUMBER OF PIXELS (4,000 HORIZONTAL SCANNING LINES WORTH) ARE

CRAMMED ONTO A UHDTV SCREEN, AND THOSE PIXELS ARE REFRESHED AT A

BREAKNECK PACE OF 60 TIMES PER SECOND.

YOU CAN SEE MORE DETAILS…

TRANSMISSION

1. THE IMAGE DATA IS CONVERTED INTO HD-SDI FORMAT AND DIVIDED INTO 16

SEPARATE CHANNELS, EACH THE SIZE OF A REGULAR HD SIGNAL

2. IT IS A STANDARD FORMAT FOR TRANSMITTING DATA INTO SHORT-DISTANCE

ELECTRICAL SIGNALS.

3. IT ALLOWS THE QUICK TRANSMISSION OF LARGE AMOUNTS OF UNCOMPRESSED

VIDEO SIGNALS BETWEEN DIFFERENT COMPONENTS OF THE ULTRA-HIGH

DEFINITION SYSTEM.

4. 16 CHANNELS ARE ENCODED AND COMPRESSED, COMBINING THEM FOR OPTICAL

TRANSMISSION AND BROADCAST

5. ONCE THE SIGNALS REACH THEIR DESTINATION, THEY ARE DECODED,

UNCOMPRESSED AND SEPARATED BACK INTO 16 CHANNELS AS THE PROCESS

REVERSES ITSELF.

6. THE IMAGE, RETURNED TO HD-SDI FORMAT, TRAVELS ALONG ANOTHER 16

CABLES TO WHERE IT'LL BE COMBINED FURTHER AND PROJECTED ONTO A

SCREEN.

ULTRA HD UPSCALING

• THE ULTRA HD 4K RESOLUTION OF 3840 × 2160 SIMPLIFIES VIDEO SCALING FROM

THE POPULAR HIGH-DEFINITION SOURCE FORMATS 720P AND 1080P

• A 1080P VIDEO SOURCE CAN BE SCALED PERFECTLY BY SIMPLY DOUBLING EACH

PIXEL HORIZONTALLY AND VERTICALLY, USING 4 PIXELS ON THE ULTRA HD 4K

DISPLAY TO REPRESENT EACH PIXEL FROM THE 1080P SOURCE

• SIMILARLY, A 720P SOURCE PIXEL CAN BE TRIPLED HORIZONTALLY AND VERTICALLY,

USING 9 PIXELS ON THE 4K DISPLAY FOR EACH PIXEL FROM THE 720P SOURCE.

• THE 720P AND 1080P RESOLUTIONS WILL ALSO EVENLY DIVIDE THE 8K RESOLUTION

OF 7680 × 4320.

4K

• 4K HAS TWICE THE HORIZONTAL & VERTICAL RESOLUTION OF 1080P HDTV

FORMAT WITH 4 TIMES AS MANY PIXELS OVERALL.

• TECHNICALLY SPEAKING, 4K IS NOT THE SAME AS 4K ULTRA HD.

• THE TERM “4K” WAS ORIGINALLY USED TO DESCRIBE DIGITAL CINEMA (4096 ×

2160 PX). SINCE DIGITAL CINEMA RESOLUTION IS NOT AVAILABLE IN A

CONSUMER TELEVISION, THE TERM “4K ULTRA HD” (3840 × 2160 PX) WAS

INVENTED .

• THE SLIGHT REDUCTION IN 4K ULTRA HD RESOLUTION TO ACHIEVE A 16 × 9

ASPECT RATIO.

• THE CLARITY IN CURRENT FULL HD SCREENS ARE NOT EVEN CLOSE TO 4K

CLARITY.

• SEVERAL ENTERTAINMENT STUDIOS ARE PREPARING THEIR FOOTAGE FOR VIEWING

IN 4K ULTRA HD.

• SONY HAS PROACTIVELY APPROACHED THE LACK OF 4K ULTRA HD CONTENT BY

RELEASING THEIR OWN “MASTERED IN 4K” BLU-RAY DISCS.

• THE CONTENT ON THESE DISCS IS ENCODED IN FULL HD, AND IS LATER UP-

SCALED TO 4K ULTRA HD BY THE BLU-RAY PLAYER AND TELEVISION.

• SONY UNVEILED THE FIRST COMMERCIAL 4K PROJECTOR FOR MOVIE THEATERS.

5 LIST OF 4K ULTRA HDTV’S

• 4K ULTRA HDTV’S CURRENTLY RANGE FROM 39-INCHES TO 110-INCHES, WITH A

VARIETY OF SIZES IN BETWEEN.

SONY: 55″ | 65″ | 84″

LG: 55″ | 65″ | 84″

SAMSUNG: 55″ | 65″| 85″ | 110″

SEIKI: 39″ | 50″ | 55″ | 65″

TOSHIBA: 55″ | 65″ | 84″

SHARP: 70″

TCL: 50″

HISENSE: 50″ | 58″ | 65″ | 84″ | 110″

8K

• 8K ULTRA HD IS THE SECOND OF THE TWO ULTRA HD FORMATS, FEATURING

A 7680 × 4320 PX RESOLUTION, WHICH IS EXACTLY 16 TIMES THE RESOLUTION

OF FULL HD.

• ONLY ONE 8K ULTRA HDTV WAS BEING FEATURED AT CES 2013 BY SHARP.

• THIS RESOLUTION HAS THE ASTOUNDING VIDEO QUALITY CANNOT BE DESCRIBED

WITH WORDS, NOR CAN A STILL PHOTOGRAPH ACCURATELY REPRESENT THE

SHEER AWESOMENESS OF THIS VIDEO RESOLUTION.

• 8K ULTRA HD IS STILL (AT LEAST) SEVERAL YEARS AWAY FROM OUR LIVING

ROOM.

THREE MAIN OBSTACLES MUST BE OVERCOME TO BRING THIS RESOLUTION TO

MAINSTREAM: STORAGE, BANDWIDTH, AND CONTENT

MASTERED IN 4K

• “MASTERED IN 4K” IS A PHRASE FROM SONY TO DENOTE A FULL HD

(1920×1080) FILM ON A BLU-RAY DISC THAT HAS BEEN REMASTERED FROM AN

ULTRA HIGH DEFINITION SOURCE .

• MASTERED IN 4K” DISC IS THEORETICALLY OPTIMIZED TO BE UPSCALED FOR

PLAYBACK ON A 4K ULTRA HDTV.

• MASTERED IN 4K” DISC WILL ALSO PLAY IN ALL CURRENT BLU-RAY PLAYERS,

INCLUDING THE SONY PLAYSTATION 3.

• WOULD HDMI 2.0 BE GOOD ENOUGH?

NOT FOR HIGH FRAME RATE 2160P CONTENT WITH DEEP COLOUR.

• HOW ABOUT DISPLAY PORT 1.2?

YES, IT IS FAST ENOUGH TO HANDLE 2160P/60 WITH 10-BIT COLOUR, BUT NEEDS TO

GET FASTER.

• WHO IS USING DISPLAY PORT?

NOT ENOUGH MANUFACTURERS TO DATE, ALTHOUGH IT APPEARS TO BE THE INTERFACE

OF CHOICE FOR A GROWING NUMBER OF DIGITAL SIGNAGE MEDIA PLAYERS.

• ARE THERE 4K MEDIA PLAYERS AVAILABLE?

YES, BUT IN VERY LIMITED QUANTITIES FROM A HANDFUL OF MANUFACTURERS.

• HOW EXPENSIVE IS AN ULTRA HD TV?

• THE FIRST WAVE OF 4K TVS WERE LARGE, REALLY LARGE

• BOTH SONY AND LG LAUNCHED 84-INCH PANELS WITH PRICE TAG OF $30,000

• SAMSUNG WEIGHED IN WITH THE 85-INCH -$55,000

• HOW SMALL WILL 4K ULTRA HD SCREENS GET?

• SCREEN SIZES ARE LIKELY TO STABILISE AT 55-INCHES AND UPWARDS

• AS THE SCREEN SIZE SHRINKS THE ADVANTAGE OF HAVING SUCH A PIXEL DENSE

DISPLAY STARTS TO DIMINISH.

• HOW FAR SHOULD I SIT FROM A 4K TV FOR THE BEST PICTURE?

• THE MOST COMFORTABLE DISTANCE TO VIEW A 65-INCH 4K SCREEN APPROX. 1.5M

• A LARGE 4K SCREEN IS PROBABLY BEST VIEWED AT A DISTANCE OF BETWEEN 2-3M

GAMING IN 4K

Benchmark of crisis 3

• FROM THE BENCHMARK

OBTAINED IT IS CLEAR THAT IT

REQUIRES POTENT HARDWARE

• EVEN WHEN TWO HIGH END

GRAPHICS CARDS SUCH AS

GEFORCE GTX 780S SCALED

TOGETHER THROUGH SLI ARE

PRETTY MUCH THE ENTRY POINT

FOR GAMING AT 3840X2160.

• USERS HAVE BEEN TESTING AND

STILL ISN’T COMFORTABLE

ENOUGH WITH THE

OUTSTANDING BUGS THAT

COMES ALONG WITH ULTRA HD

GAMING.

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Server Room with Advanced Graphics Engines

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4K Projection Room

CHALLENGES

• THE BIGGEST CHALLENGE IS TO MOVE ENORMOUS AMOUNTS OF DATA AROUND

RELIABLY AND QUICKLY.

• STORAGE.

USES

• USED FOR EDUCATIONAL, SECURITY AND ADVERTISING PURPOSE AT SPORTS

EVENTS, ART SHOWS ETC

• MEDICAL

MEDICAL SYSTEMS WITH 4K DISPLAY

SURGICAL ENDOSCOPES etc

• PHOTOGRAPHY

• INDUSTRIAL DESIGN

• CAD/CAM PROJECTS

• MOVIES etc

PROBLEMS TO FACE

• MOTION SICKNESS

• NAUSEA

• CONFUSION

• CHALLENGES TO MAKE UP ARTISTS