Ultrasound -How does it work Gerald R. Aben, MD FACR Department of Radiology College of Osteopathic Medicine
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Ultrasound
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Diagnostic Ultrasound • High frequency sound waves emitted from
sound source (transducer) • Transducer placed on patient’s body • Sound waves echo off interfaces of internal
structures and return to transducer • Information is processed and displayed on a
monitor based on time and intensity of returning echo
• Special terms used on ultrasound reports • Echogenic, Hyperechoic, Hypoechoic,
Anechoic
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Ultrasound Principles
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Ultrasound Principles
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Ultrasound Principles
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Ultrasound Abdomen
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Diagnostic Ultrasound • Interfaces are the signal source • Major applications:
• Gall bladder evaluation • Fluid collections • Differentiation of cysts from solid • Fetal evaluation • Solid organ evaluation, heart, liver pancreas,
kidney • Doppler ultrasound particularly useful for
vascular flow
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Ultrasound Machine
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Ultrasound Machine in use
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US 1st Trimester Fetus
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Cystic Hygroma
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Brain Parenchymal Hemorrhage
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Normal Liver US
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Normal Liver – Common Duct
Common Duct
Portal Vein
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Normal Gallbladder Ultrasound
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Gall Bladder US Gallstones
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Gallstones • Ultrasound upper
abdomen • Longitudinal scan • Round echogenic
structures in gallbladder = stones (arrows)
• Acoustic shadowing (lines)
• Bile is dark (anechoic)
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Normal Renal US
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Normal Right Kidney
Normal Renal US
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Normal Right Kidney
Renal Cyst
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vessels
Uterus outlined
Endovaginal Imaging
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Pelvic Ultrasound IUD
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Pelvic Ultrasound
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The Older Patient
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Appendicitis
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Mucoceole Appendix
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Testicular Torsion/ Infarction
Bright echo related to infarction
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