UMTS HSPA+ Introduction-HSDPA

Huawei Radio Network Design Service

HSPA+ Introduction -HSDPAHUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd.www.huawei.comSlide title :40-47pt Slide subtitle :26-30ptColor::white Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial

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1Page 2ContentsHSDPA IntroductionReferences134HSDPA Features2HSDPA PerformanceHUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




2Page 3 HSPA+, the natural evolution of HSPA Both HSPA and HSPA+ are defined in 3GPP HSPA+ is backward compatible with HSPA





3HARQThe main purpose of introducing HARQ is to reduce the retransmission delay and improve the retransmission efficiency. HARQ enables fast retransmission at the physical layer. Before decoding, the UE combines the retransmitted data and the previously received data, thus making full use of the data transmitted each time. In addition, HARQ can fine-tune the effective rate to compensate for the errors made by TFRC section.

Fast scheduling introduced into the NodeB determines the UEs for data transmission in each TTI (2 ms) and dynamically allocates resources to these UEs. It improves the usage of system resources and increases the system capacity. HS-PDSCH is a high speed physical downlink shared channel. Its spreading factor is fixed to 16. According to 3GPP TS 25.433, a maximum of 15 HS-PDSCHs can be used for transmission at the same time. The number of HS-PDSCHs per cell is configurable.

MAC-hs scheduling is used to coordinate the Uu resources, user experience, and system capacity. It is implemented at the NodeB MAC-hs.

Huawei HSPA+ Solution RoadmapPage 4





HSPA+ Feature DependencyPage 13= Rel-7/8 feature= pre Rel-7 featureabIndicates that feature a has a dependency on feature b.Legends DL L2enhancementsDC-HSUPAMIMODC-HSDPA-HS-DSCHE-DCHDC-MIMO UL L2enhancements= optional Rel-9 feature-Release 9Release 7/8Release 5/6 16QAM 64QAMHUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




1313Dedicated transport channelE-DCH UL Enhanced Dedicated Channel A channel dedicated to one UE. This channel implements high-speed data transfer. Common transport channelHS-DSCH High Speed Downlink Shared Channel DL A downlink channel shared between UEs. This channel always implements high-speed data transfer. Page 6 Benefits summary of HSDPA HSDPA FeaturesKey Benefits DL 64-QAM 50% higher downlink peak data rate Increases downlink capacity DL 2x2 MIMO Doubles peak data rates Increases downlink capacity L2 Enhancement Smaller overhead consumption Better cell edge coverage DownlinkMIMO with 64QAM the theoretical downlink peak rate can reach 42 Mbit/s DC-HSDPA DC-HSDPA with 64QAM can provide a peak rate of 42 Mbit/s in the downlink. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




66 bits par symbolIn the case of HSDPA, the overhead of the HS-SCCH is relatively high for small-packet services such as VoIP, and the power consumption of the HS-SCCH may be higher than that of a traffic channel. In addition, the HS-SCCH limits the maximum number of HSDPA users that can be scheduled in each TTI. This results in increasing transmission delay and decreasing user capacity of delay-sensitive services.

The CPC HS-SCCH Less Operation feature allows the initial transmission with a small amount of data to take place without the HS-SCCH. Retransmission still requires the HS-SCCH. Thus, HS-SCCH Less Operation reduces the power consumption and occupation of the HS-SCCH during downlink transmission, allows more services to be scheduled at the same time, and improves the system capacity.

The HS-SCCH Less Operation needs support from the RAN, and UE. The requirements of HS-SCCH Less

DTX-DRX consists of the DTX (Discontinuous Transmission of the uplink DPCCH) and the DRX (Discontinuous Reception of the downlink HS-SCCH).

The feature of DTX-DRX allows a UE to discontinuously receive and transmit signal and thus reduces the uplink interference and prolongs the UE battery life.

Page 15HSDPA Channel Mapping

Logical channelsTransport channelsPhysical channelsHUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




1212DCCH on E-DCH for signaling over HSUPADCCH on HS-DSCH for signaling over HSDPAHS-DSCH A downlink channel shared between UEs. This channel always implements high-speed data transfer.HSDPA Physical Channel MappingPage 8





11A physical channel used to carry the DCH data information.A physical channel used to carry the DCH control information.This specification is different from that stipulated in the protocol. According to the protocol, one cell can have a maximum of 16 PRACHs.A downlink physical channel that carries a predefined bit sequence.The CPICH has a wide range of applications such as cell identification, synchronization, power control, and handover.

A downlink DL physical channel used to carry FACH and PCH.RACH UL A contention-based uplink channel used to transmit a small amount of data, for example, for initial access or non-real-time dedicated control or traffic data.BCH for broadcast infomationFASCH DLA common downlink channel without close-loop power control used to transmit of a small amount of data.DPCCH to carry uplink feedback signaling related to downlink HS-DSCH transmissionHS DSCHA downlink channel shared between UEs. This channel always implements high-speed data transferHS PDSCHA physical channel used to carry the High Speed Downlink Shared Channel (HS-DSCH).Page 9Basic Concepts -Data Frame Structure of HSDPA User Plane Protocol

Introduction of SDU / PDU structure HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




9

HSDPA Protocol Structure

Admission controlHandover decisionLoad managementQoS managementPage 10HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




4HSDPA Protocol Stack 1The NodeB is added with the MAC-hs entity On the RNC, the MAC-d maps the data on the DTCH/DCCH to HS-DSCH.The MAC-hs - Controls the stream between the MAC-hs and the MAC-d (for shared Iub transmission),- Performs data scheduling (to coordinate the Uu resources, user experience, and system capacity),- Selects transmission formats (rate adaptation)

Page 11HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




9Dedicated Traffic Channel A dedicated channel for transmitting user plane data, such as speech and CS/PS data. The DTCH is associated with the DCCH.A dedicated channel for transmitting control information between a UE and the network. This channel is established through an RRC connection setup procedure.SignalingHSDPA Channel Mapping

Page 12Transport ChannelsPhysical ChannelsLogical ChannelsData mappingHUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




19TRB Traffic Radio Bearer

Signalling Radio Bearer

DCCH : Control ChannelThe MAC-d on the RNC maps the data on the DTCH/DCCH to the HS-DSCHHSPA+ PrinciplesHSPA+ Evolution:HSDPA (16 QAM)MIMO MIMO+64QAMDC-MIMO (64QAM)64QAMDC+64QAM14.0Mbps (MAC layer peak rate)

28.0Mbps42.2Mbps42.2Mbps21.1Mbps84.4Mbps2009, R7, RAN 11.0SE: 28.0/52010, R8, RAN 12.0SE: 42.2/52008, R6 (3GPP), RAN 10.0Spectral Efficiency (SE): 14.0/52009, R7, RAN 11.0SE: 21.1/52010, R8, RAN 12.0SE: 42.2/102011, R9, RAN 13.0SE: 84.4/10DC-HSDPA is an essential branch in evolution from HSDPA to DC-MIMO





Page 14UE CategoryMax HS-DSCH codes for HSDPAMax peak rateModulationCategory 131517QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAMCategory 141521Category 151523QPSK, 16QAM+MIMOCategory 161528Category 171517/23QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM/MIMO: QPSK, 16QAMCategory 181521/28Category 191535(QPSK.16QAM.64QAM)+MIMOCategory 201542Category 211528QPSK,16QAM+DCCategory 221528Category 231542QPSK,16QAM, 64QAM +DCCategory 241542HSDPA Terminals Capability & Service Allocation

HSPA+(64QAM, MIMO, DC)

HSPA( 16QAM)HSPA( QPSK)HSPA+(64QAM, DC)HSPA( QPSK)HSPA( 16QAM)HSPA + (QPSK)HSPA+ ( QPSK)HSPA+ (16QAM)HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




14UE category 13 to 24 in DL and category 7 in UL support HSPA+ Note: In HSDPA, UEs of Categories 15 20 support MIMO and from 21 24 support DC-HSPA

NOTE : In HSUPA when 4 codes are transmitted in parallel, two codes shall betransmitted with SF2 and two codes with SF4

Page 15ContentsHSDPA IntroductionReferences134HSDPA Features2HSDPA PerformanceHUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




15HSDPA FeaturesHSDPA is a WCDMA downlink high-speed data solution.

Main features :

2 ms short frameLink adaptation technologies on the physical layer, such as Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) Adaptive modulation and coding (AMC)High-order modulation scheme for high spectrum efficiencyCode division and time division for flexible scheduling among Ue (s)Downlink Enhanced L2HSDPA Feature 64 QAMMIMODC HSDPA

Benefits:

Increase the downlink peak data rate and improve the service delayIncrease the downlink throughputincrease downlink capacity : better efficiency for downlink code and power resources Page 16HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




5Page 17HARQ process involve only the NodeB and the UE (Without involving RNC)=> allows the NodeB to rapidly request retransmission of erroneously received data

After receiving a MAC-hs PDU sent by the NodeB, the UE performs a CRC check and reports an ACK or NACK on the HS-DPCCH to the NodeB: l If the UE reports an ACK, the NodeB transmits the next new data. l If the UE reports an NACK, the NodeB retransmits the original data

HSDPA Feature - HARQ

HARQ enables the system to decide whether a retransmission is required HARQ allows the terminal to merge the data on the retransmitted physical layer.UE performs soft combining of all the data received and increase the cell capacityThe NodeB initiates a new Transport Block s transmission every TTI.RTT : Round Trip TimeHUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




7round trip time (RTT) For HARQ retransmission between the NodeB and the UE, two combining strategies are available (CC and IR)

(CC) all retransmitted data is the same as previously transmitted dataChase Combining (CC) for retransmitting data

(IR) the retransmitted data may be different from the previously transmitted dataPartial incremental redundancy (PIR) for transmitting system bits in priorityFull incremental redundancy (FIR) for transmitting verification bits in priority

Page 18HSDPA Feature - HARQHUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




Like the DCH which performs power control, HSDPA performs fast Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) to compensate channel variations

Modulation scheme and coding rate adjustment each TTI: AMC is based on the channel quality indicator (CQI) reported by the UE to select an appropriate transmission rate to meet channel conditions. Good channel conditions : 16QAM or 64QAM can be used to provide higher transmission rates. Poor channel conditions: QPSK can be used to ensure the transmission quality.

In each TTI, the TFRC entity of a cell selects one or multiple queues and : Determine the amount of data that can be transmitted Determine the modulation scheme Determine the appropriate power and channelization codes

Page 19HSDPA Feature Fast AMC

TFRC Transport Format and Resource Combination HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




6Dedicated transport channel UL & DL dedicated for one UEtransmission time interval (TTI)

Channel quality indicator (CQI) reported by the UEBetter when it is highAdjusts the TTI for the HSUPA service based on the coverage situation:

Adjusts the TTI to 10 ms for wider coverage when the UE is on the edge of the cell.

Adjusts the TTI to 2 ms for higher throughput when the UE is in the center of the cell. Note that the TTI of a voice service cannot be adjusted from 10 ms to 2 ms.

AMC : Adaptative modulation and coding

is based on the channel quality indicator (CQI) reported by the UE, and its purpose is to select an appropriate transmission rate so as to meet channel conditions. When the channel conditions are good, 16QAM can be used to provide higher transmission rates. When the channel conditions are poor, QPSK can be used to ensure the transmission quality

MAC-hs scheduling is used to coordinate the Uu resources, user experience, and system capacity. It is implemented at the NodeB MAC-hs.

TFRC Transport Format and Resource Combination Feature : Time and HS-PDSCH Codes Multiplex

Page 20 The parallel data transmission of multiple users over HS-DSCH feature enables the allocation of: the time division multiplexing : different codes in the same TTI to different user the same code in different TTIs for different usersBenefit : o Increase the resource utilization and system throughput.

Requirements :

o More HS-PDSCH codes are required within a single TTI. o More efficient when the Node B has more HS-PDSCH codes available than codes supported by the UE. Eg: the UE supports 5 codes and the Node B has 10 codes available in a single TTI.HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




8user2012-6-27HS-PDSCH is a high speed physical downlink shared channel. Its spreading factor is fixed to 16. According to 3GPP TS 25.433, a maximum of 15 HS-PDSCHs can be used for transmission at the same time. The number of HS-PDSCHs per cell is configurable.

All channelization codes available for HSDPA

Page 21 Static RLC PDU size Limited Data throughputEg : with 640 bit RLC PDU, 2048 RLC window size, and 100ms RTT: MBR = 640*2048/0.1=13.1Mbps. Cant support data rate of 21mbps and beyond Limitation for introduction of MIMO, 64QAM, DC HSDPA..Why Enhanced L2 ? RLC entity: Flexible PDU, < 1500 bytes MAC entity: Support MAC-ehs Support data rate of 21Mbps and beyondFunction of Enhanced L2320bit640bitFixed RLC PDU sizeFlexible RLC PDU sizeL2 is not a bottleneck any more( < 1500 bytes )

HSDPA Feature - DL enhanced L2 RAN11HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




21In Rel6 specification an improvement to support data-only services (streaming,interactive or background service) has been included called Fractional DPCH (FDPCH).When a user wants to have data-only service there is still a need from the systemperspective to set up a dedicated physical channel in the DL. In general this downlinkdedicated channel will be mainly used to carry RRC signalling and the data traffic willgo through the HSDPA channel. However RRC signalling has a minimum data ratesince transmission of RRC signalling is rather infrequent, i.e. the physical channelcarrying this signalling will be DTXed most of the time except for TPC and pilot bitstransmission. As the signalling is allowed to be carried on the HS-DSCH transportchannel, the dedicated physical channel may be setup in the downlink to carry onlylayer 1 signalling. The F-DPCH concept implements code sharing between data-onlyHSDPA users to carry power control information and thus reduces the code limitationproblem. In Rel6 TPC bits are allocated at a fixed position within the slotDue to the timing requirement and considering soft handover scenarios the capacity ofthe F-DPCH goes down to ~3-4 users per channel.In order to increase the FDPCHcapacity the timing restriction for all F-DPCH received by a given UE has beenremoved in 3GPP release 7. Therefore it is specifically allowed to have different TPCtiming offsets from different cells

- The original downlink L2 function cannot adapt to such high rates for high-speed transmission

- R7 introduction: To prevent L2 to become the bottleneck:

Enhancing the RLC entity to support flexible RLC PDU sizes at the RLC layer

Adding a new sub layer, the MAC-ehs for data segmentation at the MAC layer and for multiplexing of queues of different priorities

After the RLC PDU arrives at the MAC layer, the MAC-ehs in the NodeB determines whether to segment this PDU will be segmented into a smaller PDUs based on instantaneous radio conditionsrequirement of edge coverage for smaller RLC PDU sizes requirement of high-speed transmission for larger RLC PDU sizesMin 10 byte = 80 bits

HSDPA Feature - DL enhanced L2 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




HSDPA Feature - 64 QAM

DL Modulation Scheme Data Rate 16 QAM14.4 Mbps64QAM21 Mbps

64QAM can increase downlink data throughput at about 1.4 times of 16QAM.

However, 64QAM modulation can only be selected by UEs in very good radio conditions and only near cell area.

Bits/symbols increase HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




HSDPA Feature 64 QAMPage 24ItemRequirementCNThe CN needs to support 3GPP Release 7.RNC64QAM depends on downlink enhanced L2, which requires the RNC to support flexible RLC PDU sizes. The RNC also needs to control the use of 64QAM during RB setup, reconfiguration, and handover.The DPUb or DPUe board supports the rate of 21 Mbit/s. NodeBThe NodeB needs to select a modulation scheme (64QAM or non-64QAM) for every TTI through TFRC selection.a) To enable a DBS3800 to support 64QAM, you need to configure at least one enhanced downlink baseband processing board, namely EBBC or EBBCd board.b) The DBS3900 and BTS3900/3900A need to be configured with a WBBPb, WBBPd, or WBBPf baseband board for supporting the 64QAM feature.c) The BTS3812E/AE needs to be configured with an EBBI, EBOI, EDLP, or EDLPd board. If an EDLP or EDLPd board is used, the EULP or EULPd board needs to support 64QAM.d) The BTS3902E supports the 64QAM feature.UEThe UE needs to support HS-DSCH category 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, or 20.HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




Page 25Technical CharacteristicsIn the case of 64QAM, a gain is achieved only when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is high. Therefore, a good channel environment(CQI) is required

A higher gain can be achieved when DL 64QAM is used with other technologies such as DC-HSDPA.

the TFRC selection (function of the NodeB) determines whether to use downlink 64QAM and notifies the UE of the result through the HS-SCCH in each TTI.

HSDPA Feature 64 QAMHUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




HS-SCCH : A downlink physical channel used to carry downlink signaling related to HS-DSCH transmission.l Determining the amount of data that can be transmitted by the queue

l Determining the modulation scheme of the queue

l Allocating appropriate power and channelization codes to the queue

MIMO FeaturePage 26

High CAPEX : Two Tx channel are used (Two transmitting paths) but no additional antenna is necessary.

It may require additional RRUs and WBBPa doesnt support

2 RF modules are interconnected with antenna system using RF jumper:Restrictions: MIMO affects the settings of receive diversity. Thus, MIMO affects the UEs that do not support this feature. That is, the data rates of these UEs are decreased.

Only a few handsets support MIMO.





MIMOMIMO (Multi Input Multi Output)

Gain for peak data rate per user:

Users at the center of a cell Users at the edge of a cell

MIMO adopts the multi transmission and multi reception mode: Two transmit antenna in the base station and two in the receiver side used

The Common Pilot Channel (CPICH) has to be transmitted from both antennas. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




Commonly pilot channel is sent on two antennas by using the same spreading factor and scrambling code and differentiated with Space Time Block Codes. Page 28Downlink 64QAM+MIMO Introduction

+

Scheduling Method: The scheduler in Node B determines whether to use 64QAM+MIMO or not according to Channel Quality and service requirement and UE capability64QAMMIMO64QAM + MIMO64 QAM Only users at the center of a cell can enjoy the increase of peak data rate License need to be added and configured by cell

MIMO All users in a cell can enjoy the increase in the peak data rate License for MIMO need to be added and configured by cell HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




Page 29DC-HSDPA Feature Primary CarrierFrequency 1Second CarrierFrequency 2Dual cells covers the same geographical areaDownlink peak rate up to 42Mbps

Use 2 adjacent carriers to transmit simultaneously data to the same userCarrier Configuration: For DC users, the UL channel is only carried on the primary carrier (anchor)Both carriers can be used in DL for retaining and initiating services. Service Distribution: The CS or PS conversational service is carried on a single carrier.The BE/streaming service is carried on the DC-HSDPA preferentially.

RAN 12HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




29SNRRAN12.0DC-HSDPA Feature DC-HSDPA has best coverage and better throughput in cell edges compared to all other features of HSPA+ due to double frequency resource utilization.

DL ConfigurationPeak Data RateDC-HSDPA + 16QAM (without MIMO)28 MbpsDC-HSDPA + 64QAM (without MIMO)42 MbpsDC-HSDPA + 64QAM (with MIMO)84Mbps





Page 31DC-HSDPA FeatureBenefits

Dual-cell HSDPA (DC-HSDPA) enables users to receive HSDPA data from two inter-frequency DL cells under the same coverage at the same time

Compared with the traditional HSPA technology, DC-HSDPA brings the following gains:

Reduce the HTTP service delay. As the user peak rate is increased, the HTTP service response delay can be greatly reduced, and user service experience can be improved.Improving the user experience of cell edge users enhancing the DL coverage.Fully utilizing spectrum resources of telecom operators to improve the capacity.





Page 32Restrictions of DC CellsDC-HSDPA is used only on channel transport HS-DSCHs.The anchor and supplementary carrier cells must belong to the same NodeB and work on adjacent frequencyDC-HSDPA FeatureItemRequirementCN The CN needs to support the downlink peak rate of 42 Mbit/s provided by downlink DC- HSDPA with 64QAM.RNCThe RNC needs to support downlink enhanced L2.The RNC provides the radio bearer scheme for DC-HSDPA.

NodeBDC-HSDPA requires NodeB to support MAC-ehs. A single MAC-ehs entity supports HS-DSCH transmission in more than one cell served by the same Node-B (FDD only).UEIn 3GPP Release 8, HS-DSCH categories 21, 22, 23, and 24 of the UE are added to support DC-HSDPA. In later 3GPP release, more HS-DSCH categories may support DC-HSDPA.HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




Page 33Configuration Activation

NodeB Side

To configure the a local DC group, run ADD DUALCELLGRP.To query a local DC group, run LST DUALCELLGRP.

RNC Side

To enable the DC-HSDPA switch, run SET CORRMALGOSWITCH: CfgSwitch=CFG_HSDPA_DC_SWITCH-1;

When both DC+64QAM and MIMO+64QAM are supported, to set the preference to DC-HSDPA, run SET FRC: MIMOorDcHSDPASwitch=DC-HSDPA-1;

To activate the 42M license to make the DL peak rate exceed 28 Mbit/s, run ACT LICENSE: ISPRIMARYPLMN=YES, FUNCTIONSWITCH4=HSPA_DOWN42_PER_USER-1;DC-HSDPA FeatureHUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




Page 34





DC HSDPA + 64QAM Page 35

DL ConfigurationPeak Data Rate2x2 MIMO + 16QAM (Single Cell)28 Mbps2x2 MIMO + 64QAM (Single Cell)42 Mbps2x2 MIMO + 16QAM (Dual Cell)56 Mbps2x2 MIMO + 64QAM (Dual Cell)84 MbpsData Throughput according to Interference :HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




Page 36ContentsHSDPA IntroductionReferences134HSDPA Features2HSDPA PerformanceHUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




36Page 37Flowchart of analyzing HSDPA cell performance problems





37Page 38Analysis on HSDPA cell performance problemsStepEvaluation ItemEvaluation Result and Handling SuggestionHighLow(1)Bit error rate (BER) on the air interface in the cellOptimize the coverage.Go to step (2).(2)Power usage of the cellPerform the following operations based on the CQI:If the CQI is poor, optimize the coverage.If the CQI is normal, add carriers.Go to step (3).(3)Usage of the Iub transmission bandwidthExpand the Iub transmission bandwidth.Go to step (4).(4)RLC retransmission ratePerform the following operations based on the IP path transmission quality on the Iub interface:If the transmission quality is poor, optimize transmission.If the transmission quality is normal, check the residual bit errors on the air interface. For the cells with many bit errors on the air interface, check power control parameters.Go to step (5).(5)Code resource usageAdd code resources.Check whether the theoretical rate of the cell meets the requirement. If the theoretical rate meets the requirement, the upper-layer data sources are insufficient.HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




38Troubleshooting for PS Data problemsIn order to locate the issues, the following procedures are applied:HSDPA Checking the SignalingChecking RF QualityChecking and clearing AlarmsChecking HSDPA Status of the CellChecking Access Signaling MessagesChecking the LicenseChecking CPU Usage of Lap TopsChecking DCCC settingChecking Downlink Power ResourcesChecking Downlink Code ResourcesChecking the number of Online Users in a CellChecking Channel Quality in Air interfaceChecking the Bandwidth on the IuB interfaceChecking Packet Losses on Iub InterfaceChecking RLC Downlink Window FullHUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




Troubleshooting for PS Data problemsTools used for previous input :

UMAT NPMaster M2000 RNC LMT ProbesThe input information for the previous procedures are:-Traces- Alarm Logs- PCHR Data - Operation Logs- Performance Data- DT Log files- Real time monitoring - Etc.HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




Page 41ContentsHSDPA IntroductionReference134HSDPA Features2HSDPA PerformanceHUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




41Page 42ReferenceIndexDocument NameDescriptionSupport Link1RAN Feature Parameter DescriptionRAN Feature Documentation presents customers with product information related to WCDMA RAN features, include HSPA and HSPA+.http://support.huawei.com/support/pages/navigation/gotoKBNavi.do?actionFlag=getAllJsonData&colID=ROOTENWEB|CO0000000173&level=3&itemId=186-00061297&itemId0=29-7&itemId1=3-337&itemId2=1-553&itemId3=186-00061297&itemId4=&itemId5=&itemId6=&itemId7=&itemId8=&itemId9=&materialType=ProductManual&isHedexDocType=&pageSize=202Feature Deployment Guide Feature Deployment Guide presents feature deployment procedure and notice.http://support.huawei.com/support/pages/navigation/gotoKBNavi.do?actionFlag=getAllJsonData&colID=ROOTENWEB|CO0000000173&level=3&itemId=202-00046306&itemId0=29-7&itemId1=3-337&itemId2=1-553&itemId3=202-00046306&itemId4=&itemId5=&itemId6=&itemId7=&itemId8=&itemId9=&materialType=123-2&isHedexDocType=&pageSize=203Acceptance GuideAcceptance Guide presents feature acceptance procedure and test case.http://support.huawei.com/support/pages/navigation/gotoKBNavi.do?actionFlag=getAllJsonData&colID=ROOTENWEB|CO0000000173&level=2&itemId=1-553&itemId0=29-7&itemId1=3-337&itemId2=1-553&itemId3=&itemId4=&itemId5=&itemId6=&itemId7=&itemId8=&itemId9=&materialType=123-2&isHedexDocType=&pageSize=20Support Guide for service delivery:

RAN Feature Parameter Description Feature Deployment Guide Acceptance GuideHUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Confidential Slide title :32-35pt Color: R153 G0 B0Corporate Font :FrutigerNext LT MediumFont to be used by customers and partners : Arial




42Page 43DC-HSDPA





43Thank youwww.huawei.com44

Transport Channels

DCH

RACH

CPCH

BCH

FACH

PCH

Physical Channels

Dedicated Physical Data Channel (DPDCH)

Dedicated Physical Control Channel (DPCCH)

Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)

Physical Common Packet Channel (PCPCH)

Common

Pilot Channel (CPICH)

Primary Common Control Physical Channel (P

-

CCPCH)

Secondary Common Control Physical Channel (S

-

CCPCH)

Synchronisation Channel (SCH)

Acquisition Indicat

or

Channel (AICH)

Access Preamble Acqu

isition Indicator Channel (AP

-

AICH)

Paging Indicat

or

Channel (PICH)

CPCH Status Indicator Channel (CSICH)

Collision

-

Detection

/Channel

-

Assig

nment

Indicator

Channel (CD

/CA

-

ICH

)

DSCH

Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)

HS-DSCH-related Shared Control Channel (HS-SCCH)

HS-DSCH

High Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel (HS-PDSCH)

Dedicated Physical Control Channel (uplink) for HS-DSCH (HS-DPCCH)

RLC

RLC

RLC

RLC

RLC

RLC

RLC SDU

Payload

RLC Header

MAC-d

MAC-c

MAC-d

MAC-ehs

Iub-FP

Iub-FP

Iub-FP

RLC Header

Payload

RLC Header

Payload

U-RNTI

U-RNTI

RLC Header

Payload

MAC-ehs Header

(s)RBs for UE1

(s)RBs for UE2

PDU structure

MAC-d

DCH

DCH

DSCH

DTCH

DTCH

DCCH

SHCCH

TDD only

RACH

FACH

PCCH

USCH

TDD only

MAC-c/sh

MAC Control

Iur or local

MAC Control

MAC-hs

DSCH

CPCH

FDD only

CCCH

CTCH

BCCH

FACH

PCH

USCH

TDD only

Iub

MAC Control

Associated Downlink Signalling

Associated Uplink Signalling

HS-DSCH

HS-DSCH

Configurationwithout MAC-c/sh

Configurationwith MAC-c/sh

Configurationwith MAC-c/sh

MAC-d

MAC-hs

PHY

Uu

UE

Node B

MAC-hs

PHY

HS-DSCH FP

AAL2 or UDP/IP

ATM or IP

ATM or IP

AAL2 or UDP/IP

HS-DSCH FP

MAC-d

DTCH

DCCH

DCCH

DTCH

CRNC/SRNC

Iub

ENDY

Does the average single-user throughput reach the required BER on the air interface?

The item cannot be evaluated at present.

Is the CQI poor?

Identify HSDPA cell performance problems

N

Y

Does the theoretical cell rate meet the requirement?

Is the power usage high?

Y

Optimize the coverage

Y

There is an optimization scheme.

Are there many UEs?

N

Perform expansion

Y

Is the Iub transmission usage high?

Is the RLC retransmission ratio high

N

Y

Perform Iub expansion

Is the transmission quality of the Iub path poor?

Y

Optimize the transmission

Y

N

Is the residual BER on the air interface high?

Is the code usage high?

N

Check power control parameters

Y

N

UE problems

Y

Perform expansion

N

Is upper-layer data insufficient?

Other problems

N

Global or upper-layer problems

Y

N

Is the BER on the air interface high?

Y

N

N

1

STYLEREF "1" Overview

RAN13.0 DC-HSDPA Feature Acceptance GuideConfidentiality: INTERNAL

Product NameConfidentiality

Wireless Product Service Department

Product VersionTotal 35 pages

RAN13.0

RAN13.0 DC-HSDPA Feature Acceptance Guide(For internal use only)

Prepared byGUL Integration Validation TeamDate2011-12-26

Reviewed byDate

Reviewed byDate

Granted byDate

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

All rights reserved

Change HistoryDateVersionDescriptionAuthor

2011-12-26V1.0Completed the draft. GUL Integration Validation Team

Contents11 Overview

32 General Procedure for the DC-HSDPA Deployment

32.1 General Procedure for Deploying the DC-HSDPA Feature

42.2 Procedure for the DC-HSDPA Feature Acceptance Test

63 Preparations for the DC-HSDPA Deployment

63.1 License

73.2 Preparations for the Environment

73.2.1 RNC

73.2.2 NodeB

83.2.3 UE

83.2.4 HLR

93.3 Networking Mode

93.4 Software Version

93.5 Planning for the Transmission Network

104 Data Configuration

104.1 Optimization for the DC Throughput Rate

104.1.1 RNC

124.1.2 NodeB

134.2 Examples of DC Field Verification

134.2.1 Field Verification Results

144.2.2 Commissioning Process

175 Acceptance Standards

175.1 Downlink Peak Rate

175.2 Handover

186 Test Tools

186.1 Packet Sending

186.1.1 Packet Sending on the RNC

196.1.2 Packet Sending Using Iperf

206.2 Common Trace

206.2.1 Single-User Trace on the RNC

216.2.2 Single-User Trace on the NodeB

246.3 QXDM

257 Guide to Test Cases

267.1 Operation Guide to the Test Case: DC Throughput Performance

267.1.1 Scripts for the Test Case: Single User Throughput of DC in Good Radio Condition

287.1.2 Preparations for the Test

287.1.3 Test Execution

318 Points for Attention in the Data Configuration

318.1 Configuration at the RNC

318.2 Configuration at the NodeB

329 FAQs

329.1 Optimization of the Presentation and Competition Test

339.2 Decrease of the Throughput Rate When the Tcells of the Two Cells Configured on a Single RRU

339.3 Service Release due to UE Failure When the UE Sends the RLC ACK But the RNC Receives the TRB ACK

349.4 Dumeter Display

349.5 High Block Error Rate for the 41440 Data Block

349.6 Rate for Packet Sending Lower Than 28 Mbit/s at the RNC

349.7 Using a Terminal Supporting 64QAM During the Test

Figures4Figure 2-1 General procedure for the DC-HSDPA deployment

7Figure 3-1 RNC license

7Figure 3-2 NodeB license

Tables5Table 2-1 Procedure for the DC-HSDPA feature test

6Table 3-1 Control items of DC license

8Table 3-2 Categories of HSPA+ terminals (the categories in red support HSPA+ Phase2)

1 Overview

The WCDMA protocol of the R8 version introduces features such as DC and 64QAM+MIMO. The R8 version enhances the HSPA+ Phase1 of the R7 version. The HSPA+ Phase2 technology can increase the data rate in the radio downlink, improve the single-user throughput rate, and increase the cell capacity. In this sense, the advantage of HSPA+ is to improve the service experience of end users.

HSPA+ Phase2 is the most important feature provided by Huawei RAN13.0, and one of its most important contents is as follows:DC-HSDPA: provides the peak download rate of 42 Mbit/s in the downlink direction. The basic idea for Dual Cell-HSDPA (DC-HSDPA) is to improve the throughput rate for users by increasing the spectrum bandwidth. The DC-HSDPA technology allows a UE to receive the HSDPA data sent by two downlink cells with different frequencies but with the same coverage. The network side can dynamically choose to dispatch the HSDPA transmission for users between two carriers. In the optimal case, a cell with two carriers adopts the HSDPA transmission for users so that the peak rate on the MAC layer for users can reach 42 Mbit/s.

The following sections describe the advantages of HSPA+ from the perspectives of mobile operators and end users:

Improving the service performance for end users

For common users, HSPA+ means high data transmission rate, short service response time, and reliable service performance. All these advantages improve the perception of end users and enhance the user experience.

Implementing HSPA+ by upgrading the existing WCDMA network

Mobile operators care for the expenditure for constructing the HSPA+ network. The expenditure depends on the price of the devices provided by device suppliers and the business policy of a single operator. As an enhanced technology for the high-speed data service of WCDMA R7, HSPA+ ensures the forward compatibility of the system. That is, HSPA+ is fully compatible with the previous HSDPA and WCDMA R99. To introduce HSPA+ in the existing WCDMA R99 and HSDPA networks, the operator can upgrade the existing WCDMA BTS to a certain degree without greatly affecting the structure of the existing system. In this way, the time for network construction is reduced and the previous investment of the operator is protected. As indicated by 3GPP R8 specifications, the two cells that form a DC group must meet the following conditions:

Two cells must be under the same NodeB and have two adjacent carrier frequencies. The two cells must use the same antenna.

The two cells must be synchronous, indicated by the same TCell.

This document describes the deployment and acceptance processes and methods for the DC-HSDPA feature. 2 General Procedure for the DC-HSDPA Deployment

2.1 General Procedure for Deploying the DC-HSDPA FeatureThe following flowchart describes the general procedure for deploying the DC-HSDPA feature:Figure 2-1 General procedure for the DC-HSDPA deployment

2.2 Procedure for the DC-HSDPA Feature Acceptance TestThe following flowchart shows the general procedure for testing the DC-HSDPA feature during acceptance:

Table 2-1 Procedure for the DC-HSDPA feature test

The acceptance test can be performed immediately after a feature is deployed. Before the operation, perform the following steps to obtain the test cases: Step 2 Visit the website at http://support.huawei.com/support/.Step 3 Choose Documentation > Select by Product > Wireless.

Step 4 On the displayed window, click WCDMA-RAN, WCDMA-RAN Public, then Technical Guides.Step 5 Click Acceptance Manual and select the Acceptance Test Case Description for the corresponding version.

After obtaining the test cases, you may need to omit some tests based on the site requirements and customer requirements. Build the test environment by referring to the upgrade guide. Then, perform the acceptance test following the procedures listed in the test cases. Save the result of each operation. After the test case is completed, restore the environment before the test to prepare for the next test case.

3 Preparations for the DC-HSDPA Deployment3.1 License

To implement the HSPA+ Phase2 DC feature, support from license is required. Table 3-1 describes the licenses on the RAN side.Table 3-2 Control items of DC license

Feature IDFeature NameDescriptionName of License Item

WRFD-010689HSPA+ Downlink 42 Mbit/s per UserControl on the RNC sideLQW1EHSPA03

WRFD-010696DC-HSDPA Function(per Cell)Control on the NodeB side. This license item is activated according to the number of cells. The number of activated cells must be the same as the actually configured one. LQW9DDC01

RNC License: LST LICENSE, enabled in case of 42 Mbit/s per user.

Figure 3-2 RNC license

NodeB License: DSP LICENSE, unlimited.

Figure 3-3 NodeB license

3.2 Preparations for the Environment

To implement the HSPA+ Phase2 DC feature, the UE, Node B, RNC, and CN must be jointly used.

3.2.1 RNC

In addition to the general boards, the RNC needs to use the following boards (the board in bold is mandatory):

PARC platform: DPUe (supports 42 Mbit/s per user), SPUb, GOUc, and FG2c.

3.2.2 NodeB

To support DC-HSDPA, the BTS3900/BTS3900A/DBS3900 must be configured with one baseband board (such as WBBPb3, WBBPb4, WBBPd1, or WBBPd2) that supports six cells, or configured with two baseband boards (such as WBBPb1 or WBBPb2), each of which supports three cells. To support DC-HSDPA, the DBS3800 must be configured with EBBC or EBBCd. To support DC-HSDPA, the BTS3812E/BTS3812AE must be configured with EBBI or EDLP. When EDLP is configured, EULP or EULPd must be configured together. After a cell is set up, you need to run the DSP LOCELLRES command to check whether the downlink resource group of the cell is created on the enhanced board.

1. BTS3812/3806/3806A does not support DC-HSDPA.

3.2.3 UE

The R8 protocol adds four categories of terminals that support the HSPA+ Phase2 DC feature, that is, categories 2124, the R9 protocol adds four categories of terminals that support DC feature, you can refer to 25.306 for details.

Table 3-3 Categories of HSPA+ terminals (the categories in red support HSPA+ Phase2)

HS- DSCH CategoryMaximum Number of HS-DSCH Codes ReceivedMinimum Inter-TTI IntervalMaximum Number of Bits of an HS-DSCH Transport Block Received within

an HS-DSCH TTI NOTE1Total Number of Soft Channel BitsSupported Modulations without MIMO Operation or Dual Cell OperationSupported Modulations Simultaneous with MIMO Operation and without Dual Cell OperationSupported Modulations with Dual Cell Operation

Category 2115123370345600N/AN/AQPSK, 16QAM

Category 2215127952345600

Category 2315135280518400QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM

Category 2415142192518400

3.2.4 HLR

The HLR must be upgraded to meet the requirement for subscriber definition rate for expanding HSPA+ Phase2 subscribers.

3.3 Networking Mode

3.4 Software Version

RNC: V900R013C00SPC526 or later releases

NodeB: V200R013C00SPC300 or later releases

SGSN: SGSN9810V800R009ENGC01B033 or later releases

GGSN: GGSN9811V800R005ENGC01 or later releases

HLR: HLR9820V600R003ENGC03B012 or later releases

3.5 Planning for the Transmission Network

After the DC feature is introduced, the maximum downlink peak throughput rate per user can reach 42 Mbit/s. Therefore, the minimum bandwidth of the Iub transmission network must be 50 Mbit/s (because the Iub transmission efficiency decreases by 85% on average). In addition, as the R99 service exists on the actual commercial network, the required Iub bandwidth is higher than 50 Mbit/s. The bandwidth required for the actual commercial network needs to be calculated according to the network planning and optimization. In addition, enable 100 Mbit/s full-duplex transmissions on the FE ports related to the following items: Iu interface Iub interface Any transmission devices

4 Data ConfigurationThis chapter describes the data configuration of the DC-HSDPA feature, including the data configurations on the RNC side, NodeB side, and part of the core network side. Huawei core network equipment is used as an example in the configuration of the core network side.

For details about the configuration, see the section "HSPA+ Deployment Guide" in the EGD_WRAN13.0_BSC6900(UO)(V900R013C00)_Deployment Guide-20110603-A-1.1, which can be obtained from http://support.huawei.com/support/. To obtain the previous document, perform the following steps: Visit the website at http://support.huawei.com/support/. Choose Documentation > Select by Product > Wireless. On the displayed window, click SingleRAN, MBSC, then Technical Guides. Click Deployment Guide and download the deployment guide for the corresponding version.You can also obtain this document at:

http://support.huawei.com/support/pages/kbcenter/view/product.do?actionFlag=detailProductSimple&web_doc_id=SE0000521798&doc_type=123-24.1 Optimization for the DC Throughput Rate

4.1.1 RNC

Cell Power Distribution ratio: 43/31

MOD UCELL: CellId=100, MaxTxPower=430, PCPICHPower=310;

MPO: 6.5 (MPO Constant: 5.5)

MOD UCELLHSDPA: CellId=100, HsPdschMPOConstEnum=5.5DB;

When testing the peak rate per user, you can slightly adjust the MPO constant (at a step of 0.5 dB) to improve the downlink rate to a certain degree. It is recommended that the MPO constant range from 3 to 8. After the MPO constant is adjusted, you need to redial the number on the terminal.

Maximum Number of PDSCH Codes (15)

When the NodeB enables dynamic codes, it is recommended that only one HS-SCCH channel be configured on the RNC during the test for peak rate per user to reduce the used code words number and improve the throughput rate. In a multi-user environment, it is recommended that 24 HS-SCCH channels be configured.

RNC: MOD UCELLHSDPA: CellId=100, HsScchCodeNum=1;

NodeB: SET MACHSPARA: DYNCODESW=OPEN;

4.1.2 NodeB

Power Margin=0% To ensure that all the DC user can use all the power resource, modify the power margin to 0% SET MACHSPARA: PWRMGN=0;

4.2 Examples of DC Field Verification4.2.1 Field Verification ResultsResults of DC field verification: The average peak rate achieved by sending packets is 41.7 Mbit/s, which is nearly equal to the lab result and the reported CQI is 30 stably.

The devices used for the test on site are as follows:

BSC6900V900R013C00 + DBS3900V200R13C00SPC300 WBBPd2 + LRRU 80 W, terminal Qualcomm8220 (version 1013, Type 2 receiver).

Three sectors are configured, each of which uses two adjacent frequencies as the DC cell. When a sector is tested, the other two sectors and the neighbor cells should be disabled to prevent interference.

4.2.2 Commissioning Process

Field Verification PreparationEnsure that the DC cell takes effect according to the configuration recommended in the lab. For details, see section 4.1 "Optimization for the DC Throughput Rate."The typical parameters are as follows:

RNC side: maximum transmit power of the cell: 430; pilot: 310 (the power of the pilot is reduced according to the actual situations in the future); MPOC: 5.5

NodeB side: Power Margin: 0

UE side: check the typical NV item of DC through the QXDM software

04118 = 24 (HSPA category) //It means that the terminal supports DC HSDPAPrepare other materials according to the field test checklist.

List of Items to Be Checked Before Field TestMandatory/OptionalOwnerRemarks

Vehicle mounted storage batteries (12 PCS, fully charged)MandatoryDriver of the cooperatorResponsibility of the cooperator

Power socket (1 PCS)MandatoryDriver of the cooperatorResponsibility of the cooperator

Vehicle mounted power transformer (1 PCS)MandatoryDriver of the cooperatorResponsibility of the cooperator

GPS (1 PCS)MandatoryDriver of the cooperatorResponsibility of the cooperator

Test laptop with available battery (1 PCS)MandatoryTest personnel

External data network adapter (1 PCS)MandatoryTest personnel

Postpaid SIM card (1 PCS)MandatoryTest personnelPrevent network access failure due to arrears

Test data card (used for basic service verification: DPA CAT 8 data card)MandatoryTest personnelResponsibility of test personnel

LMT version matching the NodeBMandatoryTest personnel

Key for the siteOptional

License for field testMandatory

Field test vehicle with vehicle mounted power supply (1 PCS)Mandatory

Electric torchOptional

Screwdriver and PVC insulation tape (may be used at the site)Optional

Selecting the Near Test Point

Drive the car and find the test point where the reported CQI is 30 and remains stable (Los is easier to find a good position and you can adjust the position of the UE to find a good position). After you have find a good position, fasten the terminal at the selected test point by using the extended USB cable and adhesive tape.

Use the QXDM software to observe the pilot path. When no data is transmitted, single-path is used and CPICH EcNo is about -2.0. In this case, the quality of the radio channel is optimal. Currently, the latest version provided by Qualcomm is 03.12.637. This version supports CQI reporting but the reported CQI is inaccurate. Therefore, you need to compare the reported CQI against the flow control trace on the NodeB CDT side of the network side. You should obtain the latest QXDM software before the test. BesidesProbe can also be used to do DC-HSDPA test.

There may be multiple points where the reported CQI is 30. For the purpose of subsequent optimization, it is recommended that the point with a high RSCP value (about -30) be used.

The peak value at the near test point for DC-64QAM has stringent requirements for the radio scenario. After the service is set up, the largest block (size range: 4070442192) can be dispatched and sent only when the reported CQI ranges between 28 and 30 and remains stable, the transmission is not restricted, and the data source for the users is sufficient.

The SNR step between CQI 28, 29, and 30 reported by the UE is 2 dB. Verifying the Optimization Result

After the optimal test point is found, observe the data transmission. The rate should exceed 35 Mbit/s. In this case, you can use the QXDM software to observe the decoding process. The large block (size: 42192) is sent. The bit error rate exceeds 10% so that the rate does not increase. Perform trace on the network side and find that the used power is about 97% and the reported CQI fluctuates, causing a high bit error rate for large blocks.

Next, you need to enhance the available power of H, reduce the interference, and keep the CQI stable.

The CPICH Power is reduced by 0.52 dB on site. The result is optimal when the CPICH Power is reduced by 1 dB, that is, the value of CPICH Power is changed from 310 to 300. In this case, the available power of H is enhanced and the interference caused by the pilot to H is reduced so that the reported CQI is not lower than 30.

If the channel quality is stable, only the blocks with a fixed size can be sent. If larger blocks are forcibly sent, high block error rate occurs inevitably. The preceding optimization actually does not provide a high reported CQI but enhances the channel quality. Therefore, the problem about high block error rate cannot be solved simply by sending a fixed CQI. 5 Acceptance Standards5.1 Downlink Peak Rate

Theoretically, the downlink peak rate per user of DC-HSDPA is 42 Mbit/s. During the field test in a good radio environment, the acceptance baseline for the downlink rate per user of DC-HSDPA is 37 Mbit/s. As the radio environment for field test differs, the test results differ slightly. During the test through a shielded cabinet in the lab, the downlink peak rate per user of DC-HSDPA can reach 41.8 Mbit/s in case of packet sending on the RNC and 41.5 Mbit/s in case of FTP.

5.2 Handover

The acceptance standards for DC handover are the same as those for the common CS or PS handover. That is, no call drop occurs during the handover process. As the DC feature uses the dual-carrier technology, when observing signaling messages during the handover process, you do not need to observe the handover of the UE in two cells at the same time but only need to observe the handover of the UE in the master cell.

6 Test Tools6.1 Packet Sending6.1.1 Packet Sending on the RNC

You can control the packet rate by setting the packet length and packet sending interval. For example: 1000 x 8 / 0.3 = 26.7 Mbit/s.

Data configuration is not mandatory but the data amount must be sufficient.

It is recommended that the packet length should not exceed 1500 bytes (the recommended packet length is about 1450 bytes). Otherwise, the throughput rate is reduced.

Switch:

6.1.2 Packet Sending Using IperfWhen sending packets using an Iperf, specify the server and client in the following method:

If packets are transmitted on the downlink, set the Iperf server to the FTP server, and the Iperf client to the UE.

If packets are transmitted on the uplink, set the Iperf server to the UE, and the Iperf client to the FTP server.

Before testing, save the Iperf.exe file in the directory where the MS-DOS is stored, for example, C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator, as shown in the following figure:

Then, run the following commands in the MS-DOS prompt window:

On the Iperf server: >iperf -f k -i 2 -u -c "IP address of UE" -t 1200 -b 60M On the Iperf client: >iperf -s -f k -i 2 uThe following attachment is an example Iperf.ext file:

6.2 Common Trace

6.2.1 Single-User Trace on the RNC

Single-user trace on the RNC is usually used to identify the problem that the throughput rate is too low. During the problem identification, Trace Mode is set to Full Mode and Report Interval is set to 91 (special setting on the RNC. The value range of this parameter is 1 to 100, in which 91 indicates a long period). The following figures show the detailed settings.

6.2.2 Single-User Trace on the NodeBDownlink Service

Generally, you only need to trace the HSDPA enhancement messages and flow control messages. When necessary, contact R&D engineers to check whether to add other trace items.

The following figures show other reference options.

Uplink Service

To locate the uplink service, see the reference settings in the following figures.

6.3 QXDM

If you want to use QXDM, you can contact HQ to get it, and you can also use Probe to replace the QXDM.

7 Guide to Test CasesThis chapter is designed for test personnel to run and observe DC-HSDPA acceptance test cases. This chapter does not cover all the acceptance test cases and is only used as a guide.

7.1 Operation Guide to the Test Case: DC Throughput Performance

7.1.1 Test Case Visit the website at http://support.huawei.com/support/, Choose Product catalog > Select by Product > Wireless. On the displayed window, click WCDMA-RAN, WCDMA-RAN Public, then Technical Guides, Acceptance Manual, find ATP_WRAN13.0_UMTS_Feature Acceptance Test-20111208-A-1.5packet the test case (02.05-WRFD-010689-EN-FA2-01).xmlis in that packet, which is Single user throughput of DC in good radio condition.7.1.2 Preparations for the Test

Objective: This test case aims to demonstrate the downlink peak rate per user (42 Mbit/s) in a cell when the DC feature is enabled. Minimum networking requirements: RNC x 1; NodeB x 1; two cells with adjacent frequencies support HSUPA, downlink 64QAM, and DC-HSDPA; the local cell on the NodeB must support downlink 64QAM and DC-HSDPA.

Two UEs are required for the test: A UE CAT 24 whose subscribed rate is 5740 kbit/s on the uplink and 43,200 kbit/s on the downlink A UE CAT 14 whose subscribed rate is 5740 kbit/s on the uplink and 21,600 kbit/s on the downlinkCheck in the RNC license whether the transmission rates of 21 Mbit/s and 42 Mbit/s are supported on the downlink.

Check in the NodeB license whether there are more than two local cells supporting the Downlink 64QAM and DC-HSDPA features under the NodeB.

In this test case, as certain settings on the RNC and NodeB sides need to be modified, you need to record the current parameter status before setting the parameters for the test case. In this way, environment restoration after the test can be performed easily.

For the parameters used for modifying the RNC and NodeB code allocation in this test case, you need to run the LST command to check the current configurations before modification.

On the RNC, run the LST UCELLHSDPA command to check the settings for code allocation. On the NodeB, run the LST MACHSPARA command to check the switch status of dynamic code allocation.

7.1.3 Test Execution

1. Set the parameters.To turn on the algorithm switches for the Downlink 64QAM and DC-HSDPA features in the RNC, run the following command on the RNC:SET UCORRMALGOSWITCH: CfgSwitch=CFG_HSDPA_64QAM_SWITCH-1&CFG_HSDPA_DC_SWITCH-1;

To turn on the algorithm switches for the Downlink 64QAM, enhanced L2, and DC-HSDPA features in all cells, run the following command on the RNC:MOD UCELLALGOSWITCH: CellId=XXXX, HspaPlusSwitch=64QAM-1&DL_L2ENHANCED-1&DC_HSDPA-1;Note that the command must be executed for the two cells in a DC group.

To set the uplink and downlink thresholds for best effort (BE) services, run the following command on the RNC:SET UFRCCHLTYPEPARA: DlBeTraffThsOnHsdpa=D256; SET UFRCCHLTYPEPARA: UlBeTraffThsOnHsupa=D608;

To set a maximum number of 14 High-Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channels (HS-PDSCHs) and 4 High Speed Shared Control Channel (HS-SCCHs) for each cell, run the following command:

DEA UCELLHSDPA: CELLID= XXXX;

MOD UCELLHSDPA: CELLID= XXXX, AllocCodeMode=Automatic, HsPdschMaxCodeNum=14, HsPdschMinCodeNum=5, HsScchCodeNum=4; To bind two local cells as a DC group, run the following command on the NodeB:ADD DUALCELLGRP: FIRSTLOCELL=0, SECONDLOCELL=1;To activate the two cells in a DC group and set parameter, run the following command on the RNC:ACT UCELLHSDPA: CELLID= XXXX;2. Enable the trace on the Uu interface (as shown in the following figure).

Step 2 Log in to the LMT. Then click Trace to open the trace page.Step 3 On the navigation tree, choose UMTS Services > Uu Interface Trace to open the trace window.

Step 4 Fill in the RNC ID and cell ID in the Cell Config field and then click Submit to start the trace process.

1. Enable the connection performance monitoring (as shown in the following figure). Step 5 Log in to the LMT. Then click Monitor to open the monitoring page.

Step 6 On the navigation tree, choose UMTS Monitoring > Connection Performance Monitoring to open the monitoring configuration window.

Step 7 In the Parameter Setting message box, select DL Throughput Bandwidth.Step 8 Fill in the IMSI.

Step 9 Click Submit to start the monitoring process.

1. Use the QXDM to detect a site with relatively good radio signal (CQI>29, PCPICH RSCP>-70dBm). At this site, use the UE CAT 24 to initiate PS services. It is recommended that the terminal be connected to a stable FTP server without speed restriction. Check the signaling trace and performance monitoring windows.In case of stable FTP downloading, you can find the downlink rate (the downlink rate should be about 37 Mbit/s) in the performance monitoring window.

In the signaling trace window, you can find the RRC_RB_SETUP message sent by the RNC to the UE. Double-click this message. The contents of the message are displayed. In the rab-InformationSetupList signaling message, ul-TrCH-Type should be e-dch and dl-TransportChannel-Type should be hsdsch. In the dl-HSPDSCH-Information signaling message, you can find dl-64QAM-Configured: true, which indicates that 64QAM is successfully set up. In the dl-SecondaryCellInfoFDD signaling message, you can find dl-64QAM-Configured: true, which indicates that 64QAM for the cell of the second frequency is successfully set up. If both dl-64QAM-Configured: true and dl-64QAM-Configured: true are displayed, it indicates that DC is successfully set up. A screenshot of the signaling is as follows:

In the performance monitoring window, you can find that the allocated bandwidth is 42.1 Mbit/s.

2. On the Dumeter, observe the performance KPIs for more than 3 minutes, save the obtained results, and terminate PS services on the UE CAT 24.

3. Use UE CAT 14 to initiate PS services using dialup access. In the performance monitoring window, you can find that the allocated bandwidth is 21 Mbit/s. In the trace of the RRC_RB_SETUP signaling message, you can find ul-TrCH-Type: e-dch in the "rab-InformationSetupList" information element (IE).

4. On the Dumeter, observe the performance KPIs for more than 3 minutes, save the obtained results, and terminate PS services on the UE CAT 14.

5. Save the monitoring result file and message trace result.

6. Restore the test environment.

The operation procedure for the test case (DC-HSDPA Service Throughput in the Center of Cell) is complete. 8 Points for Attention in the Data Configuration8.1 Configuration at the RNCWhen configuring the algorithm switches, note that some parameters are global whereas others are local (They are valid only in a local cell.). Global parameters need to be configured only once, whereas local parameters must be set once for each cell. The algorithm switch for the 64QAM is a global parameter and needs to be set only once, as shown in section 7.1.3 "Test Execution." The algorithm switches for the Downlink 64QAM, enhanced L2, and DC-HSDPA features are local parameters and must be set once for each cell.

When modifying or adding DC groups, pay attention to the following policies: For newly added cells, set their parameters to the same values as existing cells. For the two cells in a DC group, modify their parameters at a time to keep their parameter settings identical. If any of the previous policies is violated, the DC-HSDPA feature cannot be successfully activated.

The two cells that form a DC group must meet the following conditions: Two cells belong to the same operator, the same frequency band, and the same sector.

Two cells have the same TCELL and adjacent frequencies (the interval is not more than 5 MHz).

Two carriers of the same sector share one transmit channel, that is, share one RRU.

When both RRUs support DC-HSDPA, the cascading mode should be used between the two RRUs.8.2 Configuration at the NodeBAt the NodeB, configure newly added cells based on parameter settings for existing cells.

If two local cells are mistakenly configured as a DC group, perform the following steps:Step 10 Deactivate the two cells at the RNC.Step 11 Delete the DC group at the NodeB. Step 12 Set up the correct DC group.

9 FAQs9.1 Optimization of the Presentation and Competition Test1. Optimize the FTP serverSpecial for Windows system.

If a Microsoft IIS FTP server is used, go to the directory for the FTP server HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\AFD\Parameters. Then, set the TransmitIoLength registry key of the DWORD type to 262144. With this setting, the send window of the server can transmit a maximum of 256,000 frames at a time. If no TransmitIoLength is displayed in the registration, add one and set it to 262144.

If a Serv-U FTP server is used, open the daemon.ini file in the Serv-U installation directory and set sendbuff to a value larger than 99999.

To modify the sendbuff settings, perform the following steps: Delete the settings for sendbuf. Stop the Serv-U services. In the daemon.ini file, set sendbuf to a desired value. Save the setting and exit. Start the Serv-U services again. Check the sendbuff settings and use Ethereal to capture packets. If packets are captured, the desired value takes effect.If the settings fail, restart the server.

2. Optimize the TCP window on the UE side (For Windows XP OS).

To optimize the TCP window on the UE side, run the following attachment on the test PC.

9.2 Dumeter Display

During normal packet sending, the throughput rate is continuous but the Dumeter display usually contains intermittent blank and the throughput rate decreases. Troubleshooting shows that the problem is related to the APN software provided by HUAWEI. Dodging method: uninstall the APN software and restart the PC.

Date post:	21-Jul-2016
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