Understanding Open Access –and understanding it in the

context of UK research funding!

Alma SwanSPARC Europe

Key Perspectives Ltd

Enabling Open Scholarship

Hull University Postgraduate day, 29 January 2015

The shape of this presentation

• Some context

• OA benefits for authors

• The policy picture

Open Access• Immediate

• Free (to use)

• Free (of restrictions)

• Access to the peer-reviewed literature (and data)

• Not vanity publishing

• Not a ‘stick anything up on the Web’ approach

• Moving scholarly communication into the Web Age

The ‘Subversive Proposal’

• 27 June 1994: the Subversive Proposal

• Recommended that authors post their research papers on anonymous ftp sites

• Free access to their peers

The reactions

• Researchers

• Policymakers

• Publishers

The reactions

• Researchers

• Policymakers

• Publishers

Open Access: how

• Open Access journals (www.doaj.org)

• Open Access repositories (www.opendoar.org)

• Open Access monographs

Here’s one

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

% Gold

% Green

Where are we?

Here’s one

What’s in it for authors?

Author advantages from Open Access

• Visibility

• Usage

• Impact

• Personal profiling and marketing

Visibility

An author’s own testimony on open access visibility

“Self-archiving in the PhilSci Archive has given instant world-wide visibility to my work. As a result, I was invited to submit papers to refereed international conferences/journals and got them accepted.”

Usage

University of Liege repository:authors deposit

Individual article usage: annual levels

Individual article usage: monthly levels

PubMed Central

• 2 million full-text articles

• c500,000 unique users per day:

– 25% universities

– 18% government and others

– 40% citizens

– 17% companies

Impact

Citation impact

Range = 36%-200%(Data: Stevan Harnad and co-workers)

Engineering

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

OA

Non-OA

Data: Gargouri & Harnad, 2010

Cit

atio

ns

Clinical medicine

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

200020012002200320042005200620072008

OA

Non-OA

Cit

atio

ns

Data: Gargouri & Harnad, 2010

Social science

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

200020012002200320042005200620072008

OA

Non-OA

Cit

atio

ns

Data: Gargouri & Harnad, 2010

Profiling and marketing

Melissa Terras

To summarise …

• More views

• More downloads

• More tweets

• More citations (see SPARC Europe site for list of studies and summary of findings: “SPARC Europe citation advantage”)

The Open Access policy picture

Policies: worldwide numbers

Current global picture: Open Access policies

Region Policies

Europe 356

North America 146

Central & South America 35

Africa 11

Asia 65

Oceania 38

Total 651

Data: ROARMAP (Registry of Open Access Policies and Mandates) http://roarmap.eprints.org/

Open Access policies worldwide

Europe

North America

Central & South America

Africa

AsiaOceania

Open Access policymakers worldwide

Research funders

Research institutions

Research funder and institutions

Multiple research organisations

Sub-units of institutions

The effect of a mandatory policy

Current global picture: Open Access mandates

Region Mandates

Europe 203

North America 70

Central & South America 17

Africa 6

Asia 32

Oceania 18

Total 346

Open Access mandates worldwide

Europe

North America

Central & South America

Africa

AsiaOceania

H2020 and Open Access

• Mandatory for peer-reviewed publications

• ‘Green’ OA mandate (repositories)

– Publish as normal in subscription-based journals

– Place author’s copy in OA repository

– Deposit this at acceptance for publication

• ‘Gold’ OA: Permits payments from grants for OA journal

publication

• Mute on monographs

• Definite on data, announcing an open data pilot for

H2020

RCUK• Prefers ‘Gold’ OA (journals)

• Permits ‘Green’ OA as an alternative:– Permitted embargoes: 12 mths (STEM and 24 mths

(HaSS)

• Block grants to pay APCs

• Hull:– Year 1: £19,614 (12 articles)

– Year 2: £23,075 (14 articles)

• Cambridge Yr 2: £1,355,073 (817 articles)

University of Liege repository:authors deposit

HEFCE

• And HEFCW, SFC, DELNI

• Post 2014-REF

• Applies to all papers published from April 2016

• Must be deposited in your IR within 3 months of acceptance

• Metadata must be open from deposit

• Permitted embargoes 12/24 (as RCUK)

Thank you for listening

almaswan3@gmail.com

www.sparceurope.org

www.openscholarship.org

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