Understanding Thailand's Ongoing Political Crisis: Wider Implications for Southeast Asia and the...

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DEMOCRATIC ASIA AND THE WEST PAPER SERIES 2011

UNDERSTANDING THAILANDS

ONGOING POLITICAL CRISISWider Implications for Southeast Asia and the West

EDMUND MALESKY

KRISLERT SAMPHANTHARAK


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2011 Te German Marshall Fund o the United States. All rights reserved.

No part o this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any orm or by any means without permission in writing

rom the German Marshall Fund o the United States (GMF). Please direct inquiries to:

Te German Marshall Fund o the United States

1744 R Street, NW

Washington, DC 20009

1 202 683 2650

F 1 202 265 1662

E [email protected]

Tis publication can be downloaded or ree at www.gmus.org/publications/index.cm. Limited print

copies are also available. o request a copy, send an e-mail to [email protected].

GMF Paper Series

Te GMF Paper Series presents research on a variety o transatlantic topics by sta, ellows, and partners o the German

Marshall Fund o the United States. Te views expressed here are those o the author and do not necessarily represent the

views o GMF. Comments rom readers are welcome; reply to the mailing address above or by e-mail to [email protected].

About GMFTe German Marshall Fund o the United States (GMF) is a non-partisan American public policy and grantmaking institu-

tion dedicated to promoting better understanding and cooperation between North America and Europe on transatlantic

and global issues.

GMF does this by supporting individuals and institutions working in the transatlantic sphere, by convening leaders and

members o the policy and business communities, by contributing research and analysis on transatlantic topics, and by pro-

viding exchange opportunities to oster renewed commitment to the transatlantic relationship. In addition, GMF supports a

number o initiatives to strengthen democracies.

Founded in 1972 through a gi rom Germany as a permanent memorial to Marshall Plan assistance, GMF maintains a

strong presence on both sides o the Atlantic. In addition to its headquarters in Washington, DC, GMF has seven oces

in Europe: Berlin, Paris, Brussels, Belgrade, Ankara, Bucharest, and Warsaw. GMF also has smaller representations in

Bratislava, urin, and Stockholm.

GMFs Asia ProgramGMFs Asia Program addresses the implications o Asias rise or the West - in particular, how Asias resurgence will impact

the oreign policy, economic, and domestic challenges and choices acing the transatlantic allies - through a combination o

convening, writing, strategic grants, study tours, ellowships, partnerships with other GMF programs, and partnerships with

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tiatives include the Stockholm China Forum and India Forum, seminars and other activities in Japan, Asia-related panels at

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cooperation between democratic Asia and the West.

About the Legatum Institute

Te Legatum Institute is a globally-ocused, independent, and nonpartisan organization that researches and promotes eco-

nomic and social prosperity, individual liberty, and security in both advanced and developing countries. Based in London,

the Legatum Institute supports original work in public policy, political economy, democratic governance, political culture,

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and analyses, and to test and implement its fndings, through a variety o vehicles including convening conerences, hostingguest speakers, developing strategic partnerships, and feldwork.

Cover photo: Supporters o deposed Tai Prime Minister Taksin Shinawatra parade during a mass protest on March 20,

2010 in Bangkok, Tailand. Photo by Athit Perawongmetha.


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Understanding ThailandsOngoing Political Crisis:

Wider Implications for Southeast Asiaand the West

Democratic Asia and The West Paper Series

June 2011

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Understanding Thailands Ongoing Political Crisis 1

The Thai political

system has largely

been unstable sinc

the country transiti

from absolute mon

to parliamentary

democracy in 1932

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The German Marshall Fund of the United States2

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Figure 1: Democracy in Thailand over the last three decades. Blue line depicts the

Freedom House/Polity IV combined Democracy Score for Thailand. Dashed red lines

depict the lowest scores and high scores recorded for the variable. Zero represents

a fully authoritarian regime with no civil liberties or political rights for citizens (i.e.

Bhutan 1993-1997). Ten represents a highly democratic regime with the full panoply

of civil and political rights. The shaded period covers Thailand since the 2006 coup.


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The Institutional Seeds of

the Thai Political Dilemma

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10/14


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Whose Democracy is the Right Democracy?

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The Thai constitutional

experience over thepast few years tells us

a great deal. First, the

mundane choices of

olitical institutions can

have striking long-term

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11/14


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A recent survey by

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Red and Yellow Shi


12/14


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8 Meisbuerger. 2009: 64

In Thailand, we are

seeing a fundamental

debate over the very

essence of democracy

itself.


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www.gmfus.org

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London W1J 5DW UK

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