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Your systems. Working as one. Your systems. Working as one. Understanding the Internet of Things Protocols DDS, MQTT, XMPP, & AMQP OMG Sept 2013 Stan Schneider, PhD
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Your systems. Working as one. Your systems. Working as one.

Understanding the Internet of Things Protocols

DDS, MQTT, XMPP, & AMQP

OMG Sept 2013

Stan Schneider, PhD

What is the Internet of Things?

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

2

What is the Internet of Things?

• Cisco “Internet of Everything” – …the latest wave of the Internet -- connecting

physical objects…to provide better safety, comfort, and efficiency

• IBM “Internet of Things” – …a completely new world-wide web, one comprised

of the messages that digitally empowered devices would send to one another. It is the same Internet, but not the same Web.

• GE “Industrial Internet” – …convergence of machine and intelligent data…to

create brilliant machines

• RTI “Your Systems. Working as One.” – …an entirely new utility. As profound as the cell

network, GPS, or the Internet itself. The Internet of Things and the Intelligent Systems it enables will fundamentally change our world.

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

3

What Connects the Things?

IoT Standard Protocols

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4

MQTT: Collect Device Data

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT)

5

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

6

DDS: Distribute Device Data

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

Real-Time Analytics &

Control Operator HMI

Sensors Actuators

IT and/or Cloud

Integration

Data Distribution Service (DDS) 7

XMPP

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8

Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP)

AMQP: Process Device Data (on Servers)

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP) 9

Connecting the Internet of Things

• S2S – Biz intelligence – Centralized/ESB – ~100ms – MQ/AMQP

• D2S – Collect data – Hub & spoke – ~10ms – MQTT/CoAP

• D2S->P – Link sparse endpoints – XMPP

• D2D – Control, distribute – DataBus – ~.01ms – DDS

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

10

Web Services and Business Apps

Server-to-Server (S2S)

Devices and Intelligent Systems

Device-to-Device

Device to

Server (D2S)

DDS Builds Intelligent Systems

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11

DDS: The Software DataBus

• Data centric – Like a database for

moving data

• Decouples modules – Like SOA

• Plug and play flexibility – Like a hardware bus

• Peer-to-peer performance

– Like streaming protocols

• Standards-based interoperability

– Like TCP/IP

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Data-Centric Messaging Bus

Scalable, high performance, reliable infrastructure

DataBus™

12

Managing State

• Data centric

– Single version of truth

– Known structure

– Clear rules for access, changes, updates

• Technologies

– Database

– Data-centric middleware

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

13

Intelligent Distributed Systems Need…

• Reliable Operation • Deterministic

Performance • System Integration • Flexible Transports • Crisp Interface Design • Easy Tech Upgrades • Multi-Channel

Connections • Open Architecture • Wireless Links

• Legacy Integration • Hardware in the Loop • Scalability • Database Integration • High Throughput • Reliable Uptime • Industry Interoperation • Small Device Connection • Large Fan In/Out • Real-Time and IT

Integration

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14

Reliable Operation

• The LPD-17 Ship-Wide Area Network (SWAN) runs machinery, damage control, steering, magnetic signature, mission control, navigation, communication

• Redundant networks, data, sensors and RTI middleware provide non-stop reliability

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

15

Real-Time Performance

• The Ship Self Defense System is the “last line of defense”

• SSDS coordinates high-speed radars, targets defensive missiles, and directs 1000+ rounds/sec at incoming cruise missiles

• SSDS is at sea now

• RTI delivers messages in real time

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16

System Integration

• RTI is the leading vendor of combat system messaging

• RTI connects disparate systems, merges multiple languages on multiple operating systems, handles DIL links and legacy interfaces for LCS

• RTI enables easy, large-scale integration © 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with

this legend. 17

Navy Open Architecture

• Next-generation of – Aegis – DDG 1000 – SSDS – LCS (both variants) – LPD-17 – Many more, US and allies

• Highly distributed systems include radar, weapons, displays, controls

• Standards-based, high-performance middleware avoids vendor lock-in and future-proofs the architectural design

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

18

Fast Emergency Response

• Exelis (ITT) C4i provides command and control systems for military and civilian agencies (fire/police/emergency response)

• RTI Connext DDS connects GUIs to servers that route voice and video

• RTI met the critical needs: scalability, routing, recording

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

19

EMS System Platform

• The largest EMS equipment provider will use RTI for their entire product line…for the next 20 years

• Provides emergency response equipment to 60% of the world’s emergency vehicles

• RTI middleware provides easy connectivity, performance, reliability, medical certification option

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20

EMS Remote Monitoring

4G/LTE

Connecting devices with hospitals to provide better treatment while en-route

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

21

High Throughput Medical Imaging

• RTI powers Varian’s

NMR and MRI product lines

• Any one of the sixteen MRI receivers can saturate a 1Gbit network.

• RTI controls and optimizes network use to handle megabytes of load without losing data

“RTI delivered great functionality at a low cost. Using RTI middleware saved us a lot of money, time, and effort compared to our previous in-house developed solution.”

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

22

High Rate Distributed Control

• The Minimally Invasive Robotic Surgery (MIRS) system at DLR coordinates three robots to perform delicate heart surgery.

• The system closes a distributed loop between the robots and the remote surgeon’s control at 3kHz.

• RTI delivers messages in real time

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

23

Hospital Patient Safety

• Preventable hospital error is the 6th leading cause of death

• DocBox integrates devices with a decision engine to improve patient safety

• RTI Connext ties together devices, services, and displays in real time

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24

“RTI Connext DDS met all our needs – whether we’re handling 12 patients, or 200.”

-- DocBox Founder, Tracy Rausch

Industry Interoperation

• The Integrated Clinical Environment (ICE) standard specifies interoperability for medical devices

• All ICU & operating room devices — from blood pressure cuffs to intravenous pumps to ventilators — could be interconnected according to the ICE standard

– Complete logging – Automatic error detection – Better care

• The DDS standard and RTI

middleware enables plug & play interoperability across manufacturers

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25

Clinical Decision Support Systems

Workstations, Storage, Historical

HL7/EMR Gateway, Enterprise, 3rd Party

Room

Devices

Care Area

Administration

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26

CDS System of Systems

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27

Hospital Integration

• Hospital net challenge – 1000s of patients, >100k

devices

– Wired/wireless/ISM

– Moving patients

– 100% uptime, security

– Real-time waveforms

• RTI advanced response – Smart data filtering

– Routed deployment

– Optimized updates

– Automated test harness

– Control plane

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28

Reliable Uptime

• Mevion’s Proton-

Beam Radiation Therapy system zaps tumors with accelerated protons

• The treatment must be continuous for 30-40 days; downtime endangers treatment success

• With RTI, Mevion’s PBRT delivers dependable treatment at low cost

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

29

RTI Connext DDS was selected for its extensive compliance with the Object Management Group (OMG) DDS standard; its high security rating; its wide support of tools and programming languages, and its reputation for performance, scalability and 24/7 reliability.

– Sid Koslow, Chief Technology Officer, NAV

CANADA.

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30

Air Traffic Control for Canada 2nd largest ANSP in the world 80 sites

24x7 Operation

Flexible Transports

• CAE, one of the world's leading providers of simulation and training, uses RTI over high-bandwidth IEEE-1394 for its flight simulator

• Middleware provides transport portability and architecture interoperability

"In the past we probably would have developed an expensive, proprietary system for data communications. By using RTI, we were able to deliver a proven, reliable and cost effective solution to our customers.” - Peter Jarvis, Chief Designer

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

31

Database Integration

• Light and strong advanced composites make advanced aircraft quiet and efficient

• Lund Engineering uses RTI to integrate the composite inspection system

• Critically, all data must be saved for validation; RTI’s database integration saves all data to permanent storage

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

32

Advanced Ground Stations

• General Atomics Ground Control Stations deliver real-time data acquisition, analysis, and response for unmanned aircraft systems such as Predator®

• GA selected RTI for proven software & services

• Middleware and open architecture speeds development, lowers costs

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33

Interoperable Open Architecture

• RTI leads in defining a standard architectures for unmanned vehicles and avionics

• RTI chairs the architecture for UCS (ground stations) and is key at FACE (avionics)

• RTI is building a DO178C-level A safety-certified DDS

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34

DDS Enables Open Architecture

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35

AF Avionics

Navy CCRL

Army COE

OSD UCS

GVA DEF STAN 23-09

Advanced Automotive

• The VW Driver Assistance

and Integrated Safety system combines radars, laser range finders, and video to assist safe operation

• It helps avoid obstacles, detect lane departures, track eye activity, and safely negotiate bends

• Advanced safety systems must connect to existing hardware. RTI middleware bridges high speed networking to the CAN bus

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36

Modular HIL Testing

• A modern car contains 100+ CPUs

• Audi uses hardware-in-the-loop simulation to feed realistic data to components in a lab for testing

• RTI middleware enables a modular test environment that scales to work with hundreds of devices

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37

Rail Asset Tracking

• Wi-Tronix systems

wirelessly monitor high-value mobile assets such as locomotives, industrial equipment and marine vessels

• RTI addressed critical issues such as optimized flow and discovery process over a wireless network

• RTI middleware works effectively over lossy wireless networks

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

38

Fan Out/Fan In

• Blue Force Tracker (JBC-P) must process 200,000+ tracks.

• The legacy design was: – Proprietary – 1.5m SLOC – 12,000 tracks – 11 servers w/88 cores – Unreliable

• The DDS design is: – 100% standards based – 50k SLOC – 250,000 tracks – 80% of a single core – Fully redundant – Reliable multicast

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39

Monitoring Tokyo Traffic

• Tokyo traffic system provides real-time information to commuters and officials

• RTI middleware coordinates hundreds of traffic monitors and information kiosks

• Various server & client platforms, types of links

• RTI supports wide-area deployment

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Transportation

40

Industrial Automation

• Schneider PLCs operate modern factories

• Manufacturing requires fast data, even with limited memory and processing power

• RTI middleware connects powerful computers to deeply embedded devices with limited memory

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41

DDS wire spec first standardized as part of IEC 61850

Large SCADA Systems

• NASA KSC’s new Constellation launch control SCADA system

• RTI delivered 300k instances, at 400k msgs/sec with 5x the required throughput, at 1/5 the needed latency

• NASA mitigates risk by parallel-tracking multiple DDS vendors

• RTI connects thousands of sensors and actuators

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42

Scalability

• Harmonic transmission and video switching equipment delivers worldwide video-on-demand

• RTI handles 1,000s of clients, 1,000,000s of messages

• RTI enables high-performance scalability and future extensibility

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43

Harsh Environment Operations

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44

• Joy Mining is the world’s largest mining equipment manufacturer

• RTI connects the controller, operator GUI, and historian

• Reliable, fast connectivity enables control, debugging, and system health monitoring for continuous mining

Wireless Links

• NASA’s Human-Robotic Systems prototypes robots for extraterrestrial surfaces

• The project coordinates four NASA centers building four different robots. They operate in realistic environments, including over low-bandwidth, high-delay, lossy communications

• RTI middleware allows these very different systems to share common data communications over disadvantaged links

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

45

Flexible Data Link

• NASA’s Human-Robotic Systems prototypes robots for extraterrestrial surfaces

• The project coordinates four NASA centers building four different robots.

• NASA uses DDS for low-bandwidth, high-delay, lossy ISS-earth communications

• RTI middleware communicates over disadvantaged links

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

46

Precision Instrumentation

• European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope can see objects four billion times fainter than can be seen with the unaided eye

• The telescopes use hundreds of servo mirrors and scientific instruments

• RTI middleware coordinates precise control and measurement

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47

Power Monitoring and Control

• MicroGrids connect generation, load, and storage to optimize usage and eliminate traditional grid infrastructure

• Deploying at large Canadian Utility

• Connext™ DDS middleware seamlessly integrates apps, enforces security, merges NI LabVIEW

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48

Real-Time & IT Integration

• Siemens Wind Power fields farms of 500 turbines with 100m blades

• RTI enables fast control within turbines and distributed gust mitigation across the array

• RTI will also integrate with predictive maintenance and business diagnostics

• RTI melds real-time with IT

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49

Why a DataBus Transport?

• Reduced risk – Proven, reusable, powerful

• Elegant architecture – Reduced coupling speeds development

– QoS control simplifies integration

• Advanced capability – Redundancy, fan out, fan in

– Transport, OS, language transparency

– Integration, hot-swap, scalability

– Security, IoT connectivity

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

DataBus™

50

The DDS Ecosystem

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52

Management’s sole strategic imperative is to engage competition

Bill Barnett, Stanford

GSB

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53

54

Interoperability between the applications demonstrated by six different vendors in 2012

OCI ETRI PrismTech IBM RTI TwinOaks

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Our Transformation

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55

The time has come for

RTI to reinvent itself.

“It seems you’ve

been living two lives.

One of these lives

has a future, and

one of them does

not.”

RTI’s New Business Model

• 100% Free: Open Community Source

• Vastly simpler commercial pricing

– Simple = One project metric

– Fair = That metric scales with investment

– Open = Predictable. No nasty surprises.

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57

IC: FACE

Paid commercial license

Scope: Project

Free Project

Free Project

Free Project Paid commercial license

Scope: Project

Paid commercial license

Scope: Project

The Friction is Gone!

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58

Device Device Device

App

Device

App

IoT Protocol Soup

Device

Broker/ESB

App App

App

MQ, AMQP

Intelligent System

App App App App

DDS

MQTT

App App

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59

App

Device

App

Device

Device

CoAP

RS

RS

• S2S: BI, storage, cloud, slow, 100ms • D2S: Telemetry, hub & spoke, 10ms • D2D: Control/dist, Databus, .01ms

XMPP

About RTI

• Market Leader – Over 70% DDS mw market share1

– Largest embedded middleware vendor2 – 2013 Gartner Cool Vendor for technology

and Open Community Source model

• Standards Leader – Active in 15 standards efforts – OMG Board of Directors – DDS authors, chair, wire spec, security, more

• Real-Time Pedigree – Founded by Stanford researchers – High-performance control, tools history

• Maturity Leader – ~700 designs; by far the most-used DDS – 500,000+ licensed copies – TRL 9

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

1Embedded Market Forecasters 2VDC Analyst Report

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2008

Global Support and Distribution

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62

RTI Connext™: Edge to Enterprise

RTI DataBus™

Connext

Micro

Pub/Sub API (DDS subset)

Small Devices

Connext

DDS

Pub/Sub API (Full DDS)

Data Centric Publish Subscribe

Connext

Messaging

Messaging API (DDS++ & JMS)

High Reliability & Security

Connext

Integrator

Adapt, Xform,Route

Diverse Apps/Systems

Administration

Monitoring

Recording

Replay

Persistence

Logging

Visualization

Common Tools and Infrastructure Services

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63

One Protocol to Rule Them All?

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64

The IoT is HUGE & Varied

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65

Web Services and Business Apps

Server-to-Server (S2S)

Devices and Intelligent Systems

Control Plane

Device-to-Device

Device to

Server (D2S)

Tim

elin

ess

of

Res

po

nse

10

μs–

10

ms

10

ms–

1s

> 1

s

The Future is Soon

The Future is Ours

© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.

67

Find out more…

www.rti.com

community.rti.com

demo.rti.com

www.youtube.com/realtimeinnovations

blogs.rti.com

www.twitter.com/RealTimeInnov

www.facebook.com/RTIsoftware

www.slideshare.net/GerardoPardo

dds.omg.org

www.omg.org

© 2012 RTI • ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 72


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