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16 Nov 2004 Underwater Port Security Underwater Port Security R & D R & D Presented by: Ric Walker US Coast Guard R&D Center 860 441-2728 [email protected]
16 Nov 2004
Underwater Port SecurityUnderwater Port SecurityR & DR & D
Presented by:Ric WalkerUS Coast Guard R&D Center
16 Nov 2004
Underwater Port Security• Problem
– The Coast Guard is seeking to improve our capability to provide protection from underwater threats to high value assets in domestic ports
– Coast Guard underwater port security mission requires the ability to detect, track, locate, identify, and respond to potentially hostile swimmers and divers
16 Nov 2004
Port Security ProgramCurrent Areas
•• Underwater Port Underwater Port SecuritySecurity
•• NonNon--lethal lethal & lethal Responses
• Integrated Command & Control
• Area Denial
• Port Surveillance
• Interagency Communications
• Security Asset Connectivity
• Vessel Stopping
16 Nov 2004
U/W Port Security
• U/W Inspection – Inspect and detect/identify anomalies on ships,
piers, bulkheads, channel bottoms
•• AntiAnti--swimmer technologyswimmer technology– Integrated Anti-Swimmer System (IAS)
• Detection (active detection sonar + ADCAP )• Notification (underwater loudhailer)• Interdiction (acoustic impulse)
16 Nov 2004
ApproachRisk Assessment
• ID underwater threats
• Mitigation strategies (technology, policy,training, education/PR)
Enhance CG diving program and trainingDevelop antiDevelop anti--swimmer capabilitiesswimmer capabilities•• DetectionDetection•• Response/InterdictionResponse/Interdiction
16 Nov 2004
The Threat• Swimmer or diver is covert delivery method for
explosives, sabotage or chem/bio agent• Targets – ships, piers, critical infrastructure• Divers average 1.0 knot towing 20 lb package• With diver propulsion assistance:
– Can carry as much as 200 lb package– 2 knot speed (may be greater with current)
• Re-breather equipment commercially available (e-Bay)• Terrorist operatives have taken diver training
16 Nov 2004
Anti-swimmer System Requirements
• Deployable system for short duration point protection of high value asset
• Auto detect, track, classify, and alert at ranges sufficient to respond and intercept
• Auto target vectoring for response boat• Target localization and confirmation• Scaled response
– Notify intruder; issue warnings and commands– Non-lethal response
16 Nov 2004
IAS In-water components
1800 active sonar
Pier piling mount
Sound velocity profiler
Sonar cable
16 Nov 2004
IAS Shore components
SVP & raytrace display
Sonar display and processor
Command and control display
16 Nov 2004
IAS Response Boat Components
High frequency imaging sonarTarget vector PDA
Diver recall device Sonar control & display
16 Nov 2004
High Frequency Imaging Sonar
16 Nov 2004
What About Response?
16 Nov 2004
Interdiction Alternatives•• U/W LoudhailerU/W Loudhailer• Acoustic
- LF continuous wave- Acoustic impulseAcoustic impulse
• Entanglement device- Fish hook buoys
• Nets/Barriers
• Projectiles
• Explosives
• Marine Mammals
16 Nov 2004
Non-Lethal InterdictionUnderwater Loudhailer
• Current diver recall devices do not meet CG requirements
• TSWG funded BAA for Underwater Loudhailer
• Contract awarded - July ’04
• RDC is Task Manager
• Prototype testing - March ’05
• Field testing - June ’05
• Final report - Aug ‘05
Modified version of a current Diver Recall System used with
Integrated Anti-swimmer System
16 Nov 2004
Loudhailer Project Goals• Design, develop, and demonstrate an
Underwater Loudhailer for effective one-way acoustic communication with potentially hostile swimmers• Proven clear, communication
underwater out to 500 yds• Multiple, multilingual messages• Easy to use interface and operation• Battery powered and one-person
portable
• Technology transition plan to enable larger-scale production
• Optionally produce up to 20 additional prototype units
16 Nov 2004
Non-Lethal InterdictionAcoustic Impulse Devices
• JNLWD funded tests to assess acoustic impulse devices for diver interdiction
• CG tested small watergun and small air gun
• Large watergun and plasma sound source were also tested
• Acoustic baseline tests – Mar ’04• Human effects tests – July ’04• Final test report –Jan ‘05
Small watergun (42 lbs)
Small air gun (50 lbs)
16 Nov 2004
Natural Impulse
Snapping shrimp
Alpheusheterochaelis
16 Nov 2004
16 Nov 2004
Mechanical Impulse
16 Nov 2004
Air Gun
16 Nov 2004
Acoustic Impulse Device Testing Preliminary results
• An acoustic impulse can createaverse reaction in divers
• Impulse effects are greater whendiver is deeper or closer to source
• Air guns and waterguns are highlyreliable and consistent
• Multiple sequential shots producegreater effects than single shots
• The approach is scalable
• Additional testing and engineeringrequired
16 Nov 2004
Current Status• IAS deployed with CG MSSTs• Additional IAS procurements planned • SBIR for Underwater Loudhailer underway• DHS SBIR solicitation for low
cost facility protection systemfrom u/w threats
• Acoustic Impulse Device testing& development continues
16 Nov 2004
Underwater Port Security Coordination
–– Underwater Port Security Working GroupUnderwater Port Security Working Group(UPSWG)(UPSWG) was established to address CG mission needs for underwater port security
–– Technical Support Working Group (TSWG)Technical Support Working Group (TSWG)national forum that identifies , prioritizes and coordinates interagency/international R&D requirements for combating terrorism. Focus on rapid development for high priority needs
–– Joint NonJoint Non--lethal Weapons Directorate (JNLWD)lethal Weapons Directorate (JNLWD)responsible for the centralized coordination and integration of NLW technologies and systems that will support the Services and Combatant Commanders
16 Nov 2004
