UNDP 2009 Report - Living Up to Commitments

8/14/2019 UNDP 2009 Report - Living Up to Commitments

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1 UNDP On the Ground

UND

P

commtments

management

scalable

catalyst

successes

crisis

recovery

aid

long-term

measurablechange

impactadvocacysupport

promoting

resources

MD

Gs

opportunitie

s

transparency

investments

preventing

eliminating

poverty

achieving

accou

ntability

development

helpcivil

world

countries

democratc

sustainability

governance

strategic

living up to

part

nerships

ch

allenges

organized

achievement

peace

economic

United Nations Development Programme

Annual Report 2009


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Letter rom the UNDP Administrator 1

Foreword: Delivering Development Results 2

Introduction: A Time to Come Together 3

UNDP On the Ground: Fulflling Commitments 6

Poverty Reduction: Maintaining the focus on achieving the MDGs 8

Democratic Governance: Bringing home the power to change 14

Crisis Prevention and Recovery: Security in the face of crisis 20

Environment and Sustainable Development: Harnessing the green economy 26

UNDP and the UN System: Focusing on Development 30

Inside UNDP: Living Up to Internal Commitments 34

UNDP Resources 38

caption or explanation o ront cover image

goes here.


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Kpng Our Commmn o Dopmn

UNDP taks a ng-tm appach t human dvpmnt, invstingin th abiitis and ptntia institutins and pp t bing abut

sustainab chang. Its missin, its accmpishmnts and th vaus that

undi thm, spak dicty t my wn past xpincs and my bi

in pmting ainss, pptunity and quaity vy psn n this

pant c vaus I shad with th pp Nw Zaand whn I had

th pivig sving as thi Pim Minist.

Nw, in th ac a sv gba cnmic cssin, UNDPs missin is

taking n a sns nwd ugncy. Th is a a isk that had-ught

dvpmnt gains cud b vsd. Tgth with th cts d

pic incass and cimat chang, th changs a signicant i w a

t mt th Minnium Dvpmnt Gas (MDGs) by 2015.

UNDP is w pacd t spnd t th cisis. It has a na univsa psnc, n th ntins

dvpmnt, wking at th cunty, gina and gba vs. Its mandat cvs th citica

aas ghting pvty and as hping t tack cimat chang and t pmt sustainab

dvpmnt, suppting cisis pvntin and cvy and advancing dmcatic gvnanc,

a whi tying t achiv gnd quaity.

In additin, UNDP pays a vita cdinating th Unitd Natins dvpmnt wk n thgund. Duing ths changing tims, th impativ t advanc uth UN m ts t

dat is stng than v. W must cntinu t cabat v m csy with a u patns

t div chnty and cinty as n systm.

Thughut, it is imptant that pubic unds a accuntd and spnt tanspanty, and in a

way that bings abut cnct, masuab suts in th cuntis w sv.

At th sam tim, th intnatina cmmunity must iv up t its cmmitmnts t th pst.

Nw is nt th tim dvpmnt assistanc t b ducd, paticuay whn ths baing

th bunt th cisis ba n spnsibiity its making.

UNDP has a distinguishd histy advancing and diving n dvpmnt gas. I am hn-

ud t hav bn taskd with chating UNDPs way wad in th yas ahad and in making

su w buid n and inc th ganizatins pud gacy.

Hn Cak

UNDP Administat


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UNDP ANNUAl rePorT 2009 2

The recent economic crisis has brought home the

volatility and ragility o globalization and requires,

more than ever, determined action by organizations

with a global mandate, knowledge and networks.

There is a serious risk that the overwhelming ocus

on stimulating economies in rich countries ignores

the daily struggle or survival o the poor, who

remain beyond the spotlight. The rich mans worry

should not become the poor mans plight.

UNDP, as part o the UN amily, plays a key role

in ensuring that the poor do not remain excluded

rom decisions and actions in order to avert a poten-

tial human development crisis. Demand or the kind

o support that UNDP can oer in a time o crisis

including policy advice, development support,

and operational assistance is high. UNDP uses

human development knowledge and good practices

in capacity development to support investments that

address the threats o hunger, poverty, unemployment

and climate change in countries where we work.

Since Kemal Dervis (Administrator until March

2009) and I joined UNDP, we have seen the orga-

nization make great strides at the country level in

contributing to real improvement in peoples lives.

The dedicated women and men o UNDP have pro-

vided support to a historic election in Bangladesh;

assisted governments in monitoring progress towards

the MDGs in Madagascar, Pakistan and Uganda;

delivered lie-saving support to the victims o natural

disaster in Haiti and Myanmar and escalated violencein Gaza; and ensured that a years planting cycle or

armers was not lost by the conict in Georgia. These

are just a handul o examples rom 2008 that illustrate

the versatility o the organization in delivering results

on the ground, and in oten challenging situations.

Despite progress made, we need to continually

check that our contribution to development remains

relevant and that our quality and impact is optimal.

We need to scale up our support to ensure capaci-

ties are strengthened at the national level to deliver

on the commitments o the MDGs in an inclusive

manner that draws on South-South experiences. Our

role in early recovery is paramount to leading the

UN system in the immediate atermath o conict

and disaster to ensure that development gains are

not reversed. And behind the much-warranted global

attention to climate change, we must not orget

that access to energy at the local level is a basic pre-

condition to addressing poverty. All this we cannot

and should not do alone. We continue to Deliver

as One with our partners in the UN development

system which Kemal so ably spearheaded and to

advance reorms, ocusing more on substance as the

driver o coordination. These are some o the chal-

lenges or the uture.

I am sure that Helen Clark, UNDPs new

Administrator, will take up these challenges to ensurethat the organization builds on the achievements o

the past while remaining a crucial bedrock o reliabil-

ity or our partners in developing countries in these

volatile times. Given Helens record in politics and

her motivation to strive or equality and inclusion in

society, UNDP and the wider UN system can be proud

that she has taken the helm o a great amily.

Ad Melkert

Associate Administrator

Drng Dopmn Ru

UNDP Aoca Admnraor Ad Mkr ()

and UN Humanaran Coordnaor Jo Bourou

(rgh) ang ood-acd ara caud b

Hurrcan Gua on a map o Ha.


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3 A Tim t Cm Tgth

Introduction:A Time to Come Together

The burgeoning fnancial crisis thatcame to a dramatic head in September2008 ater more than a year o vola-tile ood, energy and commodityprices compounded a series o shocksalready being elt around the world.As daily headlines chart the ups anddowns o stock prices and chronicle

the ailures o fnancial institutionsand industrial giants, the internationalcommunity must reect on what is atstake or the millions in developingcountries who had benefted rom thestrong growth o the past decade. Itmust also assess the plight o the poor,who did not reap the benefts o this

global growth. We cannot aord to runthe risk o urther reversing progresstowards achieving the MDGs, eightdevelopment goals agreed upon by theworlds leaders to halve extreme pov-erty by 2015. As UN Secretary-General

Ban Ki-moon has stated, ensuring thataid goes to the poorest countries willbe crucial in preventing the economiccrisis rom becoming a crisis o humandevelopment and security. April 2009saw the wind up o the much antici-pated G20 London Summit, whereleaders reafrmed previous commit-

ments to increase aid and help coun-tries achieve the MDGs. They alsocommitted signifcant new resourcesor the International Monetary Fundand the World Bank, and promisedto make resources available or socialprotection, investments in long-termood security and addressing the threat

o irreversible climate change. Thetime has arrived or the internationalcommunity to live up to the commit-ments made to the worlds poor toensure that their needs are not orgot-ten and their voices are heard.

A GlOBAl eCONOMiC CRisis PUts MOst DevelOPiNG COUNtRies At RisKrisk v as a pcntag a dvping cuntis, as Mach 2009.

Suc: Wd Bank

Hgh rk

56%

Modra rk

37%

lo

rk

7%


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th Nd or ec and Connung

Commmn o Human Dopmn

Fity-one years ago, UNDPs main objective was

the provision o technical assistance and support in

order to promote economic and social development

in developing countries. Today, that role has evolved

to one that promotes pro-poor policies in the quest

or human development, a concept defned as a

process o enlarging peoples choices and enhanc-

ing human reedoms and capabilities (the range o

things people can be and do), enabling them to live a

long and healthy lie, have access to knowledge and a

decent standard o living and participate in the lie o

their community and decisions aecting their lives.

As eects o the fnancial and economic crisis

continue to mount, countries everywhere are strug-gling to sustain their development achievements.

A severe decrease in oreign direct investment is

expected or about hal o all low-income countries

while net private capital ows to emerging markets

are estimated to have declined in 2008 to hal o

their 2007 level; that number is expected to decline

even more in 2009. Global trade, meanwhile, will

see a dramatic decrease in 2009, with export-driven

developing economies acing severe consequences,

such as high rates o unemployment. Lower incomecountries especially are acing critical increases in

deprivation, with large amounts o their populations

living just above the poverty line and thus particu-

larly vulnerable to the vagaries o an economic crisis.

Households already reeling rom the volatile prices

o the ood and uel crises are fnding it even harder

iN A GlOBAl CRisis, UNDP is well sitUAteD tO HelP MitiGAte its NeGAtive iMPACts

Cr impac UNDP Acon

Fnanca/

economc

Remittance growth is falling

Unemployment is rising

Reduced aid and investments

Advise governments and institutions on how to respondt and pan impacts cisis

Advocate for monitoring human development impact

Strengthen countries effectiveness in establishing aidpiitis with patns

Food /

Fu

Potential massive malnutrition

Potential riots and civil unrest

High prices make life unaffordable

Children drop out of school towk

Improve procurement and management of food reserves

Intensify research and development of higher-yieldstap cps

Promote energy efciency and diversify away fromtaditina ssi us

Cma

Chang

Decreased agricultural production

Increased exposure to climate-

inducd natua disasts Increased incidence of warmer

cimat disass

Foster nancial and technological solutions to makecnmis ss cabn-intnsiv

Increase access to cleaner energy for household usage Establish disaster-risk reduction and adaptation plans

such as ay waning systms

20

15

10

5

0 % growth

-5

-1005 06 07 08 09 10

GROwtH iN ReMittANCes tO DevelOPiNG

COUNtRies DROPPeD DRAMAtiCAlly iN 2008

BUt ARe PROJeCteD tO ReBOUND By 2010

Suc: Wd Bank

Basin pjctin

Pjctin i migants cdt tun hm du t cisis


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Achieving the MDGs; eliminatingpoverty; promoting democratic gover-nance the world over; preventing theincidence o and recovering rom civilwars, economic melt-downs and hor-rendous acts o nature; and tacklingclimate change and the steady degra-dation and disappearance o naturalresources the bar has been set high

or countries and international aidpartners. The past year, especially, hasprovided UNDP and its partners bothopportunities and serious challengesto living up to their commitments. Inparticular, UNDP must increasingly

help countries make ODA more cata-lytic, using it to spur investments romall available development resources,including the private sector. With thismandate in mind, this years AnnualReport presents examples o program-matic successes that have had a mea-surable impact on those whomUNDP set out to serve, organized along

its our ocus areas: poverty reductionand achievement o the MDGs; demo-cratic governance; crisis prevention andrecovery; and environment and sus-tainable development as spelled outin the UNDP Strategic Plan 2008-2011.

UNDP On the Ground:Fulflling Commitments

UNDP PROGRAMMe exPeNDitURes By FOCUs AReA (leFt) AND ReGiON (RiGHt) 2008Pvisina, as 7 Api 2009

US$ Miins

Aica $874

Asia and thPacic $916

Aab Stats $512

eup and thCmmnwath Indpndnt Stats$314

latin Amica andth Caibban$1,144

oth** $336

* Incuds gba, gina and cunty pgamm xpnditu nt inkd t th Statgic Pan dvpmnt suts amwk, in additin t sucs Dvpmnt Suppt Svics, evauatin, Human Dvpmnt rpt oc, Suth-Suth Cpatin, oc Dvpmnt Studis, ecnmist Pgammand spcia initiativs.** Incuds sam as pvius tnt as w as th UNDP Pgamm Assistanc t th Pastinian Pp.

Suc: opatins Suppt Gup/UNDP

oth* $352Pvtyrductinand MDGAchivmnt$1,255

Dmcatic Gvnanc$1,429

Cisis Pvntinand rcvy$657

envinmntand SustainabDvpmnt$404

pcnt spnt n lDCs


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UNDP PROGRAMMe exPeNDitURe, 2008*US$ Thusands

Achng h MDG and Rducng Human Por

Pmting incusiv gwth, gnd quaity and MDG achivmnt $924,665

Fostering inclusive globalization $38,391

Mitigating th impact HIV and AIDS n human dvpmnt $255,511

oth pgamm activitis $36,708

toa $1,255,275

Forng Dmocrac Gornanc

Fostering inclusive participation $211,343

Stngthning spnsiv gvning institutins $1,043,518

Suppting natina patns t impmnt dmcatic gvnanc pactics

gundd in human ights, gnd quaity and anti-cuptin $142,185oth pgamm activitis $31,640

toa $1,428,686

supporng Cr Prnon and Rcor

enhancing cnfict and disast isk managmnt capabiitis $227,287

Stngthning pst-cisis gvnanc unctins $70,274

rsting th undatins dvpmnt $354,718


toa $656,516

Managng enrg and h enronmn or suanab Dopmn

Mainstaming nvinmnt and ngy $270,079

Catayzing nvinmnta nanc $7,446

Pmting cimat chang adaptatin $11,791

expanding accss t nvinmnta and ngy svics th p $98,136


toa $403,635

Sub-tta pgamm xpnditu inkd t

Statgic Pan dvpmnt suts amwk $3,744,113

Ohr programm rad pndur** $352,107

Grand toa Programm epndur $4,096,220

* Pvisina, as 7 Api 2009

** Incuds gba, gina and cunty pgamm xpnditu nt inkd t th Statgic Pan dvpmnt suts amwk,

in additin t sucs Dvpmnt Suppt Svics, evauatin, Human Dvpmnt rpt oc, Spcia Unit Suth-Suth

Cpatin, oc Dvpmnt Studis, ecnmist Pgamm and spcia initiativs.

Min vaiatins in ttas du t unding numbs.

Suc: opatins Suppt Gup/UNDP

7 UNDP on th Gund


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UNDPs wORK on the MDGs ocuses on coordi-

nating global and local eorts that campaign and

mobilize or the MDGs through advocacy; sharing

best strategies or meeting the MDGs; monitoring

and reporting progress toward the MDGs; and sup-

porting governments in tailoring the MDGs to local

circumstances and challenges. In 2008, UNDP con-

tributed to the development o tools and analysis or

the monitoring o MDG achievements, notably in

Madagascar, Pakistan and Uganda; in addition, sev-

eral countries have now substantially moved into the

implementation phase o national-scale MDG pro-

grammes, including Ghana, Malawi, Niger, Senegal,

Tanzania, Togo, Uganda and Zambia. In 2008,

UNDP partnered with UN regional commissions and

civil society organizations (CSOs) in Arica, the Arab

States and Eastern Europe to train government of-

cials and other stakeholders in the monitoring and

reporting o the MDGs. This work also contributed

to an overall assessment o the quality o inormation

being used or MDG monitoring.

UNDP engages with civil society at all lev-

els to promote the MDGs and support people in

their eorts to build a better lie. In Niger, UNDP

partnered with SNV Netherlands Development

Organization and a local CSO, Programme de lutte

contre la pauvret(Programme or the Fight Against

Poverty) to support local authorities on localizing

the MDGs. Citizens in our districts in Niger were

inormed about the MDGs in their local language,

which led them to question the low rates o primary

education enrolment in their communities. As a

result, one district began issuing ree birth certifcates

an essential orm o identifcation since their pro-

hibitive costs had barred many children rom enroll-

ing in school. Another district built a new primary

school that was closer and more convenient.

On a policy level, in January 2009, the Civil

Society Advisory Committee to the Administrator

created in 2000 as a ormal mechanism or dialogue

between civil society leaders and UNDPs senior

management added 10 new members. The purpose

o the Advisory Committee is to serve as a strategic

advisory body and sounding board to UNDPs senior

management on key policy and programming issues.

As the international community grapples with the

multiple governance challenges and serious threats

to achieving the MDGs and aid agendas as a result o

the fnancial crisis, it is more important than ever

or UNDP to reach out and work creatively with its

partners and allies, among whom it counts civil

society in all its diversity.

At the global level, UNDP supported UNSecretary-General Ban Ki-moons MDG Arica

Steering Group. The Secretary-General has empha-

sized that the fnancial crisis cannot be allowed to

deect attention rom tackling the most basic injus-

tices in our world, captured in the MDGs. As the

Secretariat or the Steering Group, UNDP was instru-

mental in helping to reach an agreement among all

major international organization members as to how

Arican countries can close the gap between their

current challenges and the MDGs. The agreementoers concrete, practical actions, including a call or

Por Rducon:Maintaining th cus n achiving th MDGs

in Braz, UNDP orkng h h Gornmn

on crang orkng opporun or am

ho ar par o a naona condona cah-

ranr programm.


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9 UNDP on th Gund: Pvty rductin

heavy investment in agriculture, education, health

and inrastructure; in July 2008, the Arican Union

endorsed the Steering Groups recommendations.

Along with the UN Department o Economic and

Social Aairs (UN-DESA), in 2008 UNDP coordi-

nated the MDG Gap Task Force, working to heighten

awareness o implementation gaps and the steps

needed to address them with a comprehensive report

ocusing on the steps that must be taken by inter-

national development partners in order to achieve

MDG 8. In particular, the Report ound that impor-

tant gaps still remain in delivering on global commit-

ments in the areas o aid, trade, debt relie and access

to new technologies and aordable, essential medi-

cines. UNDP also organized a series o side eventsthat occurred alongside the September 2008 UN

High-Level Event on the MDGs, where world lead-

ers convened in order to review progress toward the

MDGs and make concrete commitments in terms o

action and resources in order to bridge existing gaps.

As a result o UNDPs event on the Business Call to

Action an initiative that aims to build MDG aware-

ness in business communities around the world and

challenge companies to use their core business or

both sustainable development and commercial suc-cess three new companies signed on.

Addressing poverty lies at the heart o UNDPs

role as the UNs global development network. Many

o UNDPs poverty reduction programmes are a

direct result o needs identifed by the communities

that they serve. In Armenia, UNDP worked hand-

in-hand with the rural village o Lusadzor in 2008

to set up locally-based participatory planning and

development needs assessments and, as a result,

came up with an integrated development plan.

UNDP is working to make these priorities happen

in one o the most socially disadvantaged areas in

Armenia. Villagers identifed a range o development

needs, rom the creation o income generation

opportunities, like cattle breeding and ruit pro-

duction, to the recovery o socio-economic inra-structure. Within one year, natural gas and potable

water networks were constructed, an irrigation

network reconstructed increasing the proftability

o land use and 52 hectares o the communitys

unused arable lands were returned to crop cultiva-

tion. In Ecuador, UNDP with support rom the

Canadian Government and in cooperation with

Fondo Ecuatoriano de Cooperacin para el Desarrollo,

a CSO is providing support or armers who have

suered spill-over eects rom conict in neigh-bouring Colombia, by helping to identiy, plan and

Stngcnmy as

a wh

Spnding mnyin ca makts

Businsss in gapsin ca cnmy

High paymntats man minvstmnt

lss dmand ngvnmnt suppt andsvics

Btt hath, ducatin and nutitinuth natina dvpmnt gas

Wmn invst in d, hathand ducatin thi amiy

woman-haddbun

sOC

iety

COMMU

Nity F

AMily

FAMil

y COMMUNitysOCiety

lOANiNG tO wOMeN BeNeFits sOCiety As A wHOleIn 2008, UNCDF administered by UNDP supportedmicnanc and nancia svics institutinsthat divd bnts t 1.5 miin p cints,m than ha whm w wmn.

Suc: Wd BankIustatin: Pama Gisma


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successully manage income-generating production

chains that are environmentally sustainable and eco-

nomically sound. In 2008, the initiative saw 18,000

amilies in six provinces along the countrys north-

ern border increase their income by almost a third,

including 5,400 households headed by women.

Countries are in particular need o social saety

nets now as the commodity and fnancial crisis

continues to spread, stemming capital in-ows and

threatening the employment and security o millions

o the worlds poor and lower middle class. In part-

nership with the Government oSerbia, UNDP has

been administering an ongoing and highly successul

saety net initiative called the Social Innovation

Fund that targets the countrys most vulnerable

populations. Like other countries in the region,

Serbia has seen an erosion o state-sponsored saety

nets as economic growth has slowed down. During

the last seven years, existing social service inra-

structure has been improved with 250 projects and

services that did not previously exist and more than

500 newly trained social workers. Recent analysis

reveals that 86 percent o services fnanced through

this $9 million initiative achieved sustainability and

are part o the state-sponsored network o services.

Perhaps most importantly, by the end o 2008, a

renewed commitment to oering ree access to vital

social programmes like home care, day care and

Roma-targeted education and counselling centres

has become embedded in the Governments overall

reorm ramework.

The important role o microfnance in the fght

against poverty is well recognized and documented.

What is less well known but potentially as impor-

tant is the high demand or savings opportunities

or poor amilies and microenterprises in developing

countries. Many poor households are in act net sav-

ers seeking convenient and sae deposits, which can

also ultimately und microcredit activities. In 2008,

the UNDP-administered United Nations Capital

UNDPs Creating Value or All: Strategies or Doing

Business with the Pooris a nw and gundbakingpt that daws n 50 spciay-cmmissind

cas studis wittn by a ntwk 18 sachs

m dvping cuntis. Cving a wid ang

gins, scts and typs cmpanis, th

cass anayz th cnstaints and sutins bhind

incusiv businss mds, i.. nanciay sustain-

ab mds that incud th p n th dmand

sid as cints and custms, n th suppy sid

as mpys, pducs and businss wns.

Miins ntpnus aund th wd

hav pcivd a makt and takn advantag

it, vaging thi innvatins and ngy t mak

a pt. Thy un s-sustaining, ptab busi-

nsss that as suppt th cmmunitis wh

thy pat, tn in patnship with gvn-

mnts and civi scity. Thi businsss giv p-

p a btt chanc t paticipat in makts. Th

stis ths innvats m th undatin

th pt. Sm xamps incud:

entpnu Bindhshwa Pathak s

can and chap sanitatin systms t 1.2

miin hushds and pats 6,500 pub-

ic pay-p-us stm aciitis in inda.

His ganizatin, Suabh, has ibatd v

60,000 pp m ivs as scavngs, mstywmn and gis, whi gnating a $5 miin

cnmic supus in 2005.

Da Nyanja, a nus anchis in Kiba,

Kna, runs a Child and Family Wellness clinic

t pvid btt and m adab hath-

ca t sum dws. In 2006 an, Knyas

66 Wnss shps and cinics bntd amst

400,000 w-incm patints, cntibuting

t MDG 6, which aims t hat and bgin t

vs th spad HIV and AIDS, maaia

and th disass.

Th pt aunchd in 38 cuntis in a

gins th wd sinc it was pubishd in Juy

2008 is th fagship pduct UNDPs Gwing

Incusiv Makts Initiativ, a nw cabatin

with an unpcdntd caitin v 20 institu-

tins in th pivat sct and dvpmnt ds.

UNDP bivs that in d t achiv th MDGs

by 2015, n th gatst untappd sucs

is th pivat sct. Th initiativ is dsignd t

mak a substantia cntibutin t bth businss

statgis and human dvpmnt by ingsach ts and bst pactics.

GROwiNG iNClUsive MARKets


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11 UNDP n th Gund: Pvty rductin

Development Fund (UNCDF) supported 40 micro-

fnance institutions and fnancial service providers

who delivered fnancial services to 1.5 million poor

clients more than hal o whom were women in

20 least developed countries (LDCs).

The year 2008 also saw the culmination o the

UN Advisors Group on Inclusive Financial Sectors.The Advisors Group, established in 2006 by UNCDF,

UNDP and UN-DESA, engages in high level advo-

cacy in support o fnancial inclusion around the

world. The Group produced key messages and rec-

ommendations endorsed by the Secretary-General

in December 2008 or governments, regulators,

development partners and the private sector aimed

at ensuring that poor households and microentre-

preneurs gain sustainable access to a broad range o

fnancial products and services.

In Argentina, working with six social organiza-

tions in the northern provinces o Chaco, Formosa,

Misiones and Tucuman, UNDP coordinated the

development o a microfnance management model

as a way to fght poverty. The eort was specifcally

in line with a 2006 Argentinean piece o legislation

that provides or the promotion o microcredits

to the poor. By the end o 2008, over 3,500 micro-

entrepreneurs had accessed 11,000 microloans

through the initiative; 70 percent o the benefciaries

were women, hal o whom were heads o household.Within a year o receiving their frst loan, benefcia-

ries have, on average, doubled their amily income.

The total bad debts have amounted to slightly more

than one percent and disbursed unds have revolved

more than fve times. The programme is currently

being replicated in fve more provinces.

An important part o UNDPs pro-poor work

is strengthening the abilities o people and institu-

tions, a policy that results in sustainable, long-term

achievements. There must be a strategic plan thataddresses the technical, fnancial and institutional

A Randan hgh choo udn

rarch a choo projc n Maang

Mnnum vag fr inrn ca,

a On UN na.


14/44


resources needed to transorm success into every-

day practice. Over the past decade, thanks to the

cooperation o various international institutions,

signifcant progress has been made in managing the

return and reintegration o reugees and displaced

persons to their pre-war homes and communities

in Bosnia-Herzegovina. But that assistance is now

on the decline and, with 40,000 returning amilies,local and central government institutions must step

up their policy and coordination eorts in order to

develop not just an eective return strategy but also

the know-how and resources or the longer-term

development o the country. For the past fve years

UNDP along with the European Commission, the

UN High Commissioner or Reugees (UNHCR)

and various government ministries and municipal

governments has been working with govern-

ment agencies to establish systems and procedureso sustainable return in line with international aid

eectiveness standards, such as the Paris Declaration.

At the local level, close to 1,500 households have

been reconstructed with special emphasis on cross-

border and minority benefciaries and 51 technical

inrastructure projects have been completed, includ-

ing roads and and management systems or water,

electricity and solid waste.

Human development cannot be achieved with-out taking the role o women into account. Poverty

oten hits women and women-headed households

the hardest, and women have ewer economic and

political opportunities to improve their well-being

and that o their amilies. In Pakistan, UNDP, in

partnership with ood corporations, has developed

an innovative three-year programme designed to

enhance the role o rural women in the livestock and

dairy sector, in direct response to the stated needs

o the Government. Lady Livestock Workers areselected rom the communities they serve, undergo

Th Und Naon Capa Dopmn Fund

(UNCDF) suppts ast dvpd cuntis

(lDCs) with ca dvpmnt pgamms, an

intvntin that acats bck gants t ca

gvnmnts accding t piitis stabishd

by the beneciaries themselves. UNCDF facilitates

this pcss with capacity dvpmnt and tch-

nica assistanc. Basd n ssns and at th

local level, UNCDF provides evidence-based policy

advic t gvnmnts and thby cntibuts t

th m th nti ca gvnmnt systm

and atd gisatin.

In spns t th cunt dicut nancia

environment, UNCDF together with its local and

natina patns has initiatd innvativ ways utiizing ca dvpmnt pgamms as

patms dvising scia ptctin schms

at th ca gvnmnt v. In Npa, as pat

a Gvnmnt ca gvnanc and cmmunity

development programme, UNCDF has piloted

cnditina cash tanss t p amiis, a pcss

that is managd by viag dvpmnt cmmit-

ts, th wst ti in th ca gvnmnt systm.

In lao PDR, as pat a wid jint pgamm

with UNDP, UNCDF is exploring options for pilot-

ing distict-managd saty-nt pgamms,

ik wka and cnditina cash tanss. In

Randa, the UNCDF and UNDP joint programme

Projet dAppui au Dveloppement Communautaire

de Gicumbi et Rulindo suppts a Gvnmnt p-

gamm that is wking t nhanc th dis-

ticts and scts in mniting and administating

a cash tans pgamm tagting th pst

amiis in th distict.

UNCDF local development programmes have

as supptd th ca gvnmnts in

th ctiv managmnt natua sucs,

xamp, by intducing and ncing a baanc

btwn th dmand and suppy sid scac

natua sucs in a mann that accmmdats

th nds cmmunitis whi nsuing thisustainabiity th ng tm. In tms ca

economic development, UNCDF programmes

nhanc nabing nvinmnts thugh ctiv

invstmnts in cnmic inastuctu, suppt

impvmnts in guaty nvinmnts and

th pmtin spnsiv businss dvp-

mnt svics and incusiv nancia scts. Ths

pgamms a as suitab patms buid-

ing capacity and channing invstmnt sucs

cimat chang adaptatin at th ca gvn-

mnt v.

UNCDF: sUPPORtiNG sOCiAl PROteCtiON iN A tiMe OF CRisis


15/44

hands-on training in livestock health management

and are given toolkits made up o medical instru-

ments, medicines and vaccines. They then return to

their communities where they provide vital livestock

services to the rural poor. These women, who oten

had no income beore the programme, now make

as much as $37 a month, increasing household cash

ow and ood security. They were also encouraged to

undertake small business initiatives through access

to microloans. By the end o 2008, almost 75,000

households had benefted directly, with 2,900 women

trained in livestock health and care and over 2,000

o those women now sel-employed.

As a trusted development partner and co-

sponsor o the Joint United Nations Programme

on HIV/AIDS, UNDP has a special mandate to put

HIV and AIDS at the centre o national development

and poverty reduction strategies. In Chad, UNDP is

unding a government initiative to bring HIV and

AIDS awareness, prevention and advocacy eorts to

the countrys rural population, most o whom still

see the disease as an urban problem. As a result o

one 2008 eort, close to 8,000 rural religious and vil-

lage leaders were brought together or community

conversation sessions on the topic o HIV and AIDS.

Each o those leaders then took on the responsibil-

ity to relay the inormation they learned to at least

six people in their communities, totaling more than

46,000 people.

13 UNDP on th Gund: Pvty rductin

in egp, UNDP uppord a programm amd

a hpng mcronrprnur n mo poor,

urban ara o ar up, uan and pand

ncom-gnrang nrpr. snc 2007, h

projc ha bn -uanng.


16/44


Dmocrac Gornanc: Brngng hom h por o chang.

tHe eFFeCts o poor democratic governance are

inextricably linked to poverty, HIV and AIDS, civil

wars and climate change. Indeed, development can-

not happen unless governments at all levels are

responsive, transparent and accountable to their

citizens, especially the poorest and most marginal-

ized. In 2008, UNDPs global democratic governance

team contributed to the work o 129 UNDP Country

Ofces with initiatives strengthening national par-

liaments and provided direct support to countries.

Demand grew rom programme countries or sup-

port in enhancing public policy dialogues and par-

ticipatory decision-making, especially at the local

level; countries have also requested assistance in

developing institutional governance capacity in order

to address a host o issues, rom demining in a post-

conict setting to the particular challenges posed

by HIV and AIDS. Additionally, UNDP is currently

responding to requests rom 70 programme coun-

tries or support in aligning democratic governance

with international principles, especially in terms o

promoting the rights o vulnerable groups, including

women.

UNDP has a number o initiatives that address

governance issues on both a broad regional level,

as well as national and local levels. In 2008, UNDP

provided a combination o technical, fnancial and

policy support to nascent or struggling democra-

cies, including the Maldives, Papua New Guinea and

Tanzania. The Deepening Democracy in Tanzania

Dmocrac Gornanc:Binging hm th pw t chang

A UNDP-uppord con ca cnr n

Aghanan rcd nar ha a mon

ca b h nd o 2008.


17/44

15 UNDP On the Ground: Democratic Governance

Programme, supported by UNDP along with the

Government and international donors, provides

technical and nancial assistance to institutions

including the parliament, electoral management

bodies, political parties, civil society and the media

essential to the strengthening o the multiparty sys-

tem there, which was reintroduced in 1992. UNDP

activities have ranged rom reviewing the legal and

institutional ramework or democratic development

in the country to supporting the voter registration

process.

UNDP is instrumental in promoting the oppor-

tunity o citizens to participate in political decision-making, particularly those o women and the poor.

UNDP supports, on average, an election every two

weeks, while at the same time encouraging more

women to enter politics and investing in a ree and

inormed media. For example, this past year, UNDP

has played an instrumental part in major democratic

elections in Bangladesh (see page 18) and Iraq.

In Zambia, UNDP collaborated with the Electoral

Commission o Zambia in late 2008 to transorm a

potentially contentious presidential election ol-lowing the sudden illness and death o its president

into a successul and peaceul one, all with little

notice and within a 90-day timerame. UNDP had

a pivotal role in harmonizing and managing inter-

national support or the elections and helped the

Commission in the selection and training o 50,000

electoral ocers and in the basic procurement o

essential materials like ballot box seals, staining inks

and ballot papers.

In Lebanon, UNDP supported electoral reorm

eorts through a number o activities, including the

launch o a national public awareness campaign on

electoral reorm and the printing and dissemina-

tion o over 50,000 copies o drat law booklets inArabic, English and French to libraries, universities

and the public. Along with the Lebanese Council o

Women, UNDP sponsored 27 thematic and regional

workshops, including 12 on womens participation in

parliamentary elections.

UNDP believes that only careully planned and

managed decentralized governance will give com-

munities the opportunity to infuence decision

makers, and those decision makers the capacity to

act in response. That is why in the Former YugoslavRepublic of Macedonia, UNDP is partnering with

UNDP SUPPortS electioNS aND ParliameNtS acroSS the globe 20062008

Every two weeks, UNDP works with a government on an election somewhere in the world.

ElectionsParliaments

The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply ofcial endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Dotted linerepresents approximately the Line o Control in Jammu and Kashmir agreed upo n by India and Pakistan. The fnal status o Jammu and K ashmir has not yet been agreedupon by the parties. Appears without prejudice to the question o sovereignty.

Source: UN Cartographic Unit and Bureau or Development Policy/UNDP


18/44


the Ministry o Local Sel-Government, in addition

to various municipalities, to improve the quality o

public services at the local level. For example, three

rural municipalities o equal size established joint

administrations or urban planning, tax collection

and local inspections. In addition, the programme

updated the taxpayers database in fve o these

municipalities, which increased the number o tax-

payers by 30 percent, while also sponsoring a local

awareness-raising campaign on citizen tax rights and

obligations. UNDP has started implementing the

programme in fve more municipalities. In Nigeria,

UNDP is working with the Government to build a

strong, broad-based tax regime that can acilitate the

shit away rom taris and other trade barriers by

ostering alternative sources o public revenue and

by improving the fscal inrastructure to collect those

revenues efciently, transparently and accurately.

Tax reorm is a key part o Nigerias economic and

public sector reorm, especially as a way to reduce the

current overwhelming disparities between the rich

and the poor and to diversiy economic revenue gen-

eration rom an over-dependence on oil revenue to

non-oil sources such as customs taris, value-added

tax and sales tax. As a result o the project, a user-

riendly taxpayer data warehousing system was estab-

lished so that Nigerias Internal Revenue Service can

keep track o taxpayer data; sta were then trained

Wmn a xtmy vunab t shiting pat-

tns in gba makts in th absnc masus

that ptct thm. This vunabiity cam t th

nt duing th d cisis sinc wmn nt

ny assum pimay spnsibiity ding

thi amiis but as cntibut as much as 50 t

80 pcnt agicutua abu in sub-Sahaan

Aica and Asia. Simiay, wmns mpymntand migatin a as shapd by gba tnds.

Th bain dain m Suth t Nth pp

with ttiay ducatin has cnty bcm mi-

nizd, with m pssina wmn migating

than mn. This has impicatins wmns c-

nmic adship in dvping cuntis.

Ths and th ndings a psntd in

Progress o the Worlds Women 2008/2009, Who

Answers to Women? Gender and Accountability,

asd by th Und Naon Dopmn

Fund or womn (UNiFeM). UNIFEMs biennial

fagship pubicatin vas that much stng

accuntabiity mchanisms tacking pg-

ss n gnd quaity a ndd in d t

mt natina and intnatina cmmitmnts t

wmns ights. T dat, wmn a utnumbd

u t n in gisatus aund th wd; v

60 pcnt a unpaid amiy wks gbay a

wmn; wmn sti an n avag 17 pcnt

ss than mn, and abut n-thid wmn

su gnd-basd vinc duing thi ivs.

In sm pats th wd, n in 10 wmn dis

m pgnancy-atd causs vn thugh th

mans pvnting matna mtaity a cst-

ctiv and w knwn.

Gnd gaps n this sca a symptmatic

an accuntabiity cisis. Th pt pints ut that

accuntabiity mchanisms wk wmn whn

thy can ask xpanatins and inmatin

m dcisin maks and, wh ncssay, initi-

at invstigatins gt cmpnsatin. Wmnmust b incudd in vsight pcsss, and

advancing wmns ights must b a ky standad

against which th pmanc pubic cias is

assssd and, i ncssay, sanctind.

Progress o the Worlds Women 2008/2009 p-

vids an assssmnt ach th MDGs m a

gnd pspctiv and cuss n v ky aas

wh ugnt actin is quid t stngthn

accuntabiity t wmn: pitics and gvnanc,

accss t pubic svics, cnmic pptuni-

tis, justic and th distibutin intnatina

assistanc dvpmnt and scuity. In ach

ths aas th pt dtais mans buid-

ing stat capacity gd gvnanc m

a wmns ights pspctiv. Yt th pubicatin

as pints ut that mutiata aid and scuity

institutins can d much m t mt thi wn

cmmitmnts and standads n gnd quaity.

T dat, n agd systm-wid tacking mcha-

nism xists within mutiatas such as th UN and

th intnatina nancia institutins t assss

th amunt aid acatd t gnd quaity

wmns mpwmnt.

UNiFeM: DeMANDiNG ACCOUNtABility tO wOMeN


19/44

17 UNDP on th Gund: Dmcatic Gvnanc

in the use o the system and the database was linked

to the countrys Corporate Aairs Commission or

regular updates on newly registered companies.

The project also published a report that provided

an analysis o collected taxpayer data, a listing o

potential taxpayers and strategies or improved tax

compliance.

In India, meanwhile, UNDP is providing tech-nical support and expertise to the central govern-

ment in the implementation o the National Rural

Employment Guarantee Act through the creation

o a technical advisory group that includes experts

in monitoring, training and communications and

management inormation systems. The Act is an

unprecedented piece o poverty-fghting legislation

that guarantees 100 days o work every year to every

rural household whose adult members volunteer

to do unskilled manual work at minimum wages;

otherwise, workers will be paid a daily unemploy-

ment allowance. Among other results, UNDP has

promoted greater awareness on entitlements under

the Act and has improved transparency through

innovative pilots to monitor wage payment throughATMs and smart card technology in rural areas in

fve states: Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Kerala, Orissa and

Uttar Pradesh. In order to improve implementation,

UNDP is also acilitating partnerships between the

Government and a host o proessional institutions.

in parnrhp h h Gornmn o ia

and lbanon, UNDP upporng daogu

bn lban and Panan ouh n

h counr norhrn rgon.


20/44



21/44

Bangadh is a dnsy ppuatd dvping

natin that has bn th bunt cimat chang

cts as it cntinus t b butd by ws than

usua cycns, fds and mnsns ya at

ya. Athugh its cnmy has shwn its t ba siint n in th past, th cnt intnatina

nancia and cmmdity ciss a thatning its

dvpmnt gas as its gss dmstic pduct

(GDP) gwth bgins t sw and wks mit-

tancs m abad dp .

last ya, UNDP pvd its a ky patn in

th ng and cmpx ppaatins Dcmbs

paiamntay ctin, th st in svn yas. I a

stab, tustd gvnmnt is a cucia cmpnnt

achiving dvpmnt gas, thn th ctin

cam nn t sn as Bangadsh acs wak

cnmic gwth du t th gba cnmic

dwntun. Widspad and systmic ts at c-

tin m sutd in a high at tanspancy

and vt paticipatin. In assciatin with nin

dns and th Bangadsh ectin Cmmissin,

UNDP hpd t cat a cdib pht vts ist,

which sutd in a stat th at cta

v 81 miin pp. UNDP was paticuay

instumnta in pviding tchnica assistanc and,

as a sut, 500,000 ctin wks w taind

in th us m than 10,000 aptps with wb-

cams and ngpint scanns. Bynd th num-bs, th initiativ nabd a signicanty and

ai cta pcss that is paving th way a

dpning dmcacy in Bangadsh.

Signicant pbms xist in Bangadsh

with u aw, cuptin and accss t justic,

a which act th p, wmn and yung

people the most. Four years ago, UNDP initiated

a pic m pgamm in cpatin with

th Bangadsh Pic and th Ministy Hm

Aais and dn patns that aims t impv

th cincy and ctivnss th natina

pic, spciay in th aas cim pvntin,

invstigatins and human suc managmnt

and taining. With th st phas cming t a

cs, th initiativ has sn a numb signi-

cant changs, incuding th stabishmnt v

20,000 cmmunity pic ganizatins ddicatd

t buiding a cs atinship with ca pp;

th catin th Bangadsh Pic Wmns

ntwk; th adptin gnd guidins by th

pic; th taining 3,000 pic cs in invs-

tigativ tchniqus, adship and managmnt

skis; and th stabishmnt a spcia natina

unit ddicatd t cmbating human tacking.rcnt suvys, incuding n cnductd by th

Asia Foundation, show that people in Bangladesh

biv that pic pmanc has impvd v

th past tw yas.

Manwhi, xpts a pdicting that as sa

vs cntinu t is, Bangadsh cud s up

t 15 t 18 pcnt its and aa, making 30 mi-

lion people environmental refugees by 2050. For

an aady vppuatd and and-scac cunty,

th scia uphava suting m cimat chang-

inducd mass migatin cud hav dvastating

cts, making UNDPs wk th a th m

cucia.

Th is an ugnt nd t impv its m-

gncy spns panning at th distict and w

vs in additin t incasing its ads abiity

t mak dcisins that can sav ivs and ivi-

hds and psv scuity. T that nd, UNDP has

patnd with th Gvnmnt and intnatina

dns t nact th Bangadsh Cmphnsiv

Disast Managmnt Pgamm. Th Pgamm

has stabishd a vast ntwk m than 75

gvnmnt, CSo and institutina patns, aswell as UN organizations, including the Food and

Agicutu oganizatin th Unitd Natins

(FAO). The Programme has helped establish a

natina disast managmnt gisativ and

guaty amwk addssing isk ductin

and spns. ov 25,000 pp hav civd

disast managmnt taining and, phaps mst

signicanty, natinay accptd isk assssmnt

and ductin panning guidins us by

a nn-stat ganizatins w dvpd. Th

Pgamm aunchd a maj athquak isk

assssmnt th Bangadshs maj cit-

is, stabishd a natina Disast Managmnt

Inmatin Cnt with tcmmunicatin inks

t a 64 distict hadquats and th Dpatmnt

envinmnt nw incuds a Cimat Chang

C, ddicatd t cnvting gba casts int

natina impact statmnts.

A Bangadh poc ofcr hp an

nfrm oman a a pong aon durngh 2008 con.

UP CloSeChang hrough Gornanc n Bangadh

19 UNDP on th Gund: Dmcatic Gvnanc


22/44


Cr Prnon and Rcor:Scuity in th ac cisis

ReCOGNitiON is growing that violent conict and

natural disasters are major obstacles to human devel-

opment and the achievement o the MDGs. As the

world enters a new, volatile period, strengthening

national capacities or crisis prevention and man-

agement will become increasingly crucial. Given its

ocus on ensuring national ownership in support o

capacity development, UNDP has a central role to

play in assisting countries in preventing and miti-

gating the eects o crises, as well as in promoting

recovery. The demand or support in crisis preven-

tion and recovery is growing with most o it in the

area o disaster risk reduction with UNDP work-

ing in this area in 83 developing countries in 2008.

UNDP has ocused its support on crisis risk reduc-

tion, assisting post-crisis governance o recovery pro-

cesses and restoring the oundations or development

or crisis-aected communities.

The restoration o security at the community

level, the rebuilding o social cohesion and the pro-

motion o reconciliation are essential to durable

recovery in the atermath o violent conict. In 2008,

UNDP supported a number o countries in ostering

post-crisis community security and social cohesion,

including the development o national and local

capacities or mine action, reducing the availability

o small arms and the incidence o armed violence,

and supporting the return and reintegration o

conict-aected individuals and groups. UNDP sup-

ported a ban on cluster munitions and the Geneva

Declaration on Armed Violence and Development,

which resulted in the adoption o the Convention on

Cluster Munitions, signed by 95 countries.

On average, UNDP responds to a dozen natural

disaster or conict situation crises each year, cri-

ses that dramatically transorm the work it does in

countries, sometimes or years to come as people

aected need urgent support to rebuild their lives.

UNDP is playing a lead role in the UN system in

terms o early recovery planning, a separate but par-

allel process within any humanitarian setting. A rela-

tively new concept, early recovery addresses a critical

gap in coverage between humanitarian relie and

long-term recovery in other words, between reli-

ance and sel-sufciency. UNDP is the lead coordina-

tor o the UNs Inter-Agency Standing Committee

Cluster Working Group on Early Recovery, which

aims to close the critical gap between humanitar-

ian relie and the onset o longer-term recovery and

development.

At the country level, UNDP provided early

recovery support to 20 countries in 2008. A key ocus

o this support was on strengthening post-crisis

governance by reinorcing government capacity

at national and local levels, such as helping com-munities to regain livelihoods in Belize, China, the

Dominican Republic, Georgia and Sudan; sup-

porting the return and reintegration processes in

Mauritania, Turkeyand Sri Lanka; and restoring the

rule o law and community security in the Central

African Republic and Chad. UNDP also developed

a new global programme on strengthening the rule

o law in conict and post-conict countries in 2008

that places special emphasis on womens access to

justice, institution-building and transitional justice.

UNDP, h uppor rom h Gornmn

o Japan, orkd h h iraq Gornmn

o mpro crc upp n h KurdhRgon.


23/44

21 UNDP on th Gund: Cisis Pvntin and rcvy

As part o its crisis recovery work in 2008, UNDP

trained hundreds o Iraqi ofcials and created thou-

sands o short-term jobs that indirectly benefted

millions o citizens in Iraq. It set up a reconciliation

programme that included workshops and study tours

or Iraqi business, political, CSO and media leaders.

In support o the rule o law it created a database

o all applicable Iraqi laws since 1917, searchable by

anyone with Internet access and trained Iraqi lawyers

in its use. Additionally, with the new Government

starting to take its place in international aairs, and

looking or loans as well as grants, UNDP opened a

loan acilitation ofce; within a short time, the coun-

try received a $140 million loan rom Japan or elec-tricity equipment.

Since 1985, UNDP has been working in the Gaza

Strip, where it has directly implemented projects

worth over $321 million. Immediately ollowing

last Decembers escalated violence there, UNDPs

Programme of Assistance to the Palestinian People

(UNDP/PAPP) initiated early recovery eorts in

Gaza an area o ongoing instability that began

with distributing ood packages to over 30,000

Palestinians and deploying its SURGE early recoveryexperts (see page 36 or SURGE) to assist in recovery

and reconstruction assessments. Beyond such imme-

diate responses, however, UNDP recognizes that

economic recovery is a key element o any successul

plan o post-crisis recovery. As a result, it commis-

sioned a household survey in order to understand

the recovery priorities o the people living in Gaza

as well as signing an agreement with the Palestinian

Authority to provide $50 million to und cash assis-

tance packages to aected people. Most crucially, per-

haps, in recognition o the Gazan economys heavy

reliance on agriculture, UNDP agreed to implement

a $270 million project to und compensations or

damaged agricultural property, with approximately

8,000 armer households beneftting rom the initialphase o the agreement. UNDP/PAPP also has been

working with the local government in the occupied

Palestinian territories since 2006 to establish a sel-

sustaining system that transitions hard hit poor ami-

lies rom being recipients o humanitarian assistance

to independent providers o income. Specifcally, in

consultation with the Islamic Development Bank and

the Ministries o Social Aairs, Planning and Labour,

UNDP helped to identiy amilies in need and to set

up a social saety net mechanism through which 189amilies received grants and microloans in order to

Cnfict Pvntin and rcvyDisast risk rductin and rcvyeay rcvy

UNDP sUPPORts CRisis PReveNtiON AND ReCOveRy ACtivities iN MANy COUNtRies 20062008UNDP spnds t natua disasts and cnfict situatins, piitizing gnd quaity in a its cvy ts.

Th bundais and nams shwn and th dsignatins usd n this map d nt impy cia ndsmnt accptanc by th Unitd Natins. Dttd inpsnts appximaty th lin Cnt in Jammu and K ashmi agd upn by India and Pakistan. Th na status Jammu and Kashmi has nt yt bn agdupn by th patis. Appas withut pjudic t th qustin svignty.

Suc: UN Catgaphic Unit and UNDP


24/44


begin their own sel-sustaining businesses; as a result,

some amilies have seen their income rise by as much

as $150 per month.

UNDP believes that it is especially critical to

take into account the needs and experiences o girls

and women during crisis, and to promote womens

empowerment and gender equality in all areas o cri-

sis prevention and recovery. As such, it supports the

inclusion and enorcement o laws to protect women;

works to provide legal aid, access to justice and legal

reorms or women; promotes womens participa-

tion and leadership, at both the institutional and

community-based level; insists on involving women

in all stages o the peace and recovery processes; and

strengthens womens education networks.

In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)

UNDP is currently supporting the Government in

promoting the rule o law and in improving the

capacity o local CSOs to develop a network o 150

paralegals and lawyers who specialize in gender-

based violence. Additionally, UNDP with the UN

Country Team is working with the Government

to strengthen its role in preventing gender-based

violence in eastern DRC, bringing perpetrators to

justice, ensuring survivors receive comprehensive

response and redress and building the oundations

or the rehabilitation o perpetrators as a way to

achieve reconciliation and social cohesion. In Timor-

Leste, over 700 women participated in the UNDP-

sponsored Women in Sel-Employment Programme,

receiving vital vocational training that allowed

them to start their own businesses, contributing to

economic recovery and improved conditions or

the return and resettlement o internally displacedpopulations. In Kosovo, UNDPs Womens Saety

and Security Initiative strengthened the protection

o women and girls and advocated or their increased

saety. As a result, eorts to combat trafcking are

now a key priority o Government and other institu-

tions and have led to the adoption o the national

Law Against Domestic Violence and the Strategy

Against Domestic Violence.

As climate change orces millions o the worlds

poorest to cope with its impact, responding to natu-ral disasters is increasingly becoming a key ocus in

UNDPs crisis prevention and recovery program-

ming. UNDP is committed to strengthening its

support to disaster-prone countries where capac-

ity to manage and reduce disaster risks is currently

insufcient. UNDP works with high-risk countries

to establish methods o mitigation including early

warning systems, building codes or disaster sensitive

local development plans.

Fulflling its role as the main coordinating

agency or UN recovery eorts, UNDP worked with

FAO, the World Food Programme (WFP) and the

International Labour Organization in both immedi-

ate and long-term recovery eorts in Guatemala,

ollowing the widespread destruction wrought by

Hurricane Stan in 2005. The UN Post-Stan Joint

Emergency Programme supported eorts by the

Government o Guatemala and local CSOs in the

identifcation and design o new urban communities

that were considered sae sites ollowing environ-

mental impact studies. By March 2009, hundreds

o amilies had moved into the towns, all o which

were newly built rom the ground up, while hun-

dreds more had built new homes on their own plots

o land. In total, 2,179 amilies saw new homes and

services rebuilt while 2,300 aected adults returned

to the workorce ater beneftting rom training as

bricklayers, electricians, blacksmiths and plumb-

ers. By the end o 2009 another 11 communities and

1,157 new homes will be rebuilt. Meanwhile, the

initiative has been expanded to other, non-aected

but at-risk communities in our other administrative

areas in Guatemala. Finally, the programmes model

o disaster-proo housing double the size o basic

housing has been included as a model o dignifedpopular housing in Guatemalas recently passed New

Housing Law.

Immediately ollowing the May 2008 earthquake

in China, UNDP mobilized support or disaster relie

and early recovery activities in collaboration with the

Government, including the distribution o shelter

materials like tents, quilts, blankets and emergency

lights to 315,000 people. Additionally, it supported

model participatory planning sessions on reconstruc-

tion in 19 communities, a process that is slated tobe replicated in 5,400 villages struck by the disaster.


25/44


In Myanmar, UNDP was the only UN agency with

feld ofces located in the Irrawaddy Delta prior to

Cyclone Nargis, which hit the country in May 2008,

leaving more than 138,000 dead or missing and 2.4

million severely aected by the crisis. UNDP played

a coordinating role with government authorities

and collaborated closely with relie agencies includ-

ing WFP, International Organization or Migration,

the UN Childrens Fund (UNICEF) and UNHCR

in the transportation and distribution o urgently

needed relie items. UNDP medical teams also trav-

eled through villages in the Delta, treating some

o the nearly 20,000 ofcially reported as injured.

Recognizing the need or advanced planning or

longer-term recovery, UNDP has initiated a two-

year, early recovery strategy programme in 250 vil-

lages that began running alongside emergency relie

eorts. The programme has now reached more than

500 villages, with a plan to expand to 750 villages by

the end o 2009. UNDP is providing a range o sup-

port or the rehabilitation o livelihoods, the rebuild-

ing o community organizations, the reconstruction

o buildings and village inrastructure and or disas-

ter risk reduction and preparedness planning at a

community and township level.

In 2008, in response to recent natural disasters in

the Indonesian province o Aceh as well as the sign-

ing o peace accords three years ago, UNDP is now

implementing an integrated strategy o three related

programmes designed to consolidate peace, reduce

the impact o uture natural disasters and build

the oundations or a sustainable economic recov-

ery that benefts all citizens in the region, aected

or not. As part o Aceh Partnerships or EconomicDevelopment, UNDP worked with the provincial

government in, among other things, assessing the

potential export demand or coee and cocoa; estab-

lishing a locally-led Coee Forum as a legal entity to

represent the industry in Aceh; distributing 37,600

agricultural tools and equipment to coee coopera-

tives and almost 12,000 armers; and applying an

innovative supply chain model which resulted in

substantial export orders o some $10 million. Rural

poverty is on the decline in Aceh, and a key compo-

nent o that decline is the recovery o agriculture to

pre-tsunami levels and beyond.

UNDP recognizes that the exchange o resources,

technology and knowledge between developing

countries or South-South cooperation is key

to successul development eorts, including crisis

prevention and recovery. In Haiti, UNDP worked

with the Government to implement a successul

Brazilian model or waste collection activities. The

project employs 385 residents in a Port-au-Prince

slum to collect and process solid waste, which is then

turned into cooking briquettes. As a result, huge

piles o trash blocking drainage canals have been

removed, a problem that had been contributing to

severe ooding.In order to bring about improved system-wide

coherence in terms o crisis response, in 2008 the UN

with UNDP and the World Bank agreed to ormalize

their cooperation in crisis and post-crisis situations,

laying out common guiding principles or working

with national authorities and other partners. The

agreement also called on the World Bank and UN

agencies to improve inter-agency communications,

strengthen joint planning, increase collaboration

on unding and streamline the transer o fnancialresources between agencies.

UNDP connu o uppor commun

n indona ar h 2004 unam. Hr

orkr car a pond o brd fh.


26/44


UNDPs wk in Mozambqu highights bth its

cmmitmnt t a mutiata appach and its

abiity t wk with gvnmnts in muating

spnss t th mutip ciss cunty cking

th gb. Sinc 1976, Mzambiqu has sudm at ast 45 signicant incidncs natua

disasts, incuding fds, cycns, dughts and

athquaks. In Januay 2008, whi sti cv-

ing m th dvastating fds ay 2007,

Mzambiqu again xpincd a maj fd situ-

atin, suting m high vs aina as w as

psistnt havy ains in nighbuing cuntis.

Th human cst and cnmic impact

ths disasts has bn vy high. This

can b cay i ustatd by th 2000 fds,

which ducd th GDP gwth at m v

10 pcnt t ss than tw pcnt, with dict

and indict sss stimatd at $488 miin. As

much as 25 pcnt Mzambiqus ppuatinacs a high mtaity isk m natua hazads,

and it anks as th scnd mst ggaphicay

xpsd cunty in Aica. UNDP, in cpatin

with svn th UN agncis as n th gund

in Mzambiqu, is taking pat in a jint p-

gamm t stngthn disast isk ductin and

mgncy ppadnss in Mzambiqu as pat

th Diving as on UN m mvmnt,

which aims t stamin a UN activitis, picis

UP CloSeRpondng o Cr n Mozambqu


27/44

and appachs at th cunty-v. UNDP has

pvidd tchnica and nancia suppt and is

taking th ad in advcating a btt intga-

tin disast isk ductin statgis in bth

natina and ca dvpmnt panning. It is asading a dn wking gup n disast isk

ductin as w as cnducting a study n th

sci-anthpgica issus in pst-fd stt-

mnt pcsss. Additinay, th initiativ ang

with Mzambiqus Natina Disast Managmnt

Institut has aunchd a natina isk inmatin

systm t hp cias mak dcisins; ppad a

natina isk map that highights vunab aas

Mzambiqus ggaphy; and stabishd a

way Mzambiqu t systmaticay cmpi

and anayz disast sss. Mst imptanty and

tangiby th initiativs succss has cntibutd

t a hug dcas in daths du t natua disas-

ts in Mzambiqu. In 2008, aund 20 ppw kid by th cmbind cts fds and

cycns. Svn yas pviusy, duing a ya that

xpincd a simia but natua disasts, that

numb was 600.

In 2008, incasing d and u pics d t

its, aising pubic cncns in tms th cun-

tys stabiity. A spcia ca was mad by Psidnt

Amand Gubuza assistanc in mitigating

th cts th gba d cisis n th cunty.

In spns t this ca, UNDP quicky pvidd

suppt a apid tchnica assistanc actin in

which it pvidd ssntia agicutua quip-

mnt and ts t yuth agicutua assciatins

as w as ams in th isatd, dught-iddn

suthn pvincs, incuding tacts, quipmnt

t incas wat iigatin and a ic mi. Aady

th yuth assciatins hav ppad hundds

hctas aab and and, with th us

th iigatin quipmnt, thy hav stppd up

pductin ic, maiz and cabbag by an sti-

matd 30 pcnt. on a bad v, th initiativ

bth stngthnd and aignd th capacity th

Gvnmnt and CSos at natina, pvincia andca vs t pan, impmnt and mnit sci-

cnmic dvpmnt, with a spcia cus n

nsuing pps accss t businss and nancia

svics.

A mob emrgnc Opraon Cnr

a up n Gaza Pronc o coordna

muad r opraon n prparaon

or Mozambqu n naura dar.



28/44


As DevelOPiNG COUNtRies and donors ocus on

fnding immediate solutions to pressing economic

challenges, environmental sustainability is again

taking a secondary position. Environmental concerns

are more urgent now than ever since poverty reduc-

tion and long-term prosperity cannot be achieved

without an unwavering ocus on sustainable devel-

opment. As the UNs global development network

UNDP recognizes that climate change calls or a

new development paradigm, one that mainstreams

climate change into development planning at all

levels, links development policies with the fnanc-

ing o solutions and helps countries move towards

less carbon intensive, yet sustainable economies.

In 2008, UNDP endorsed a new climate change

strategy, which supports the capacity o developing

countries to make inormed policy and investment

decisions to help reduce greenhouse gas emissions,

reduce poverty and accelerate the achievement o the

MDGs. The strategy also sets out how UNDP works

with UN agencies, the Global Environment Facility

(GEF) consisting o UNDP, the UN Environment

Programme (UNEP) and the World Bank civil

society and the private sector.

UNDP promotes both climate change mitiga-

tion and adaptation eorts since both are essential

to meet the climate change challenge. On mitiga-

tion, UNDPs eorts include promoting greater

energy efciency in all sectors and uses, increased

utilization o a wide range o renewable energies,

increased energy access or the poor, policy reorm

and capacity development. On the adaptation side,

UNDP supports countries as they work to integrate

climate risks into national development policy and

plans, develop fnancing options to meet national

adaptation costs and share adaptation knowledge

and experiences.UNDPs value-added in preventing

and mitigating the eects o climate change lies in

its strong presence on the ground in 166 countries

in terms o both operational capacity and expertise,

including both experts on climate change policy and

proessionals in project development, a combina-

tion that allows UNDP to eectively implement

projects at the country level. For example, once the

fnal agreement on the new Kyoto Protocol is made,

UNDP will help member countries to apply or and

manage unds and technology as they work to ul-

fll their part in a new global deal on carbon emis-

sions. In act, UNDP has launched a groundbreaking

capacity development initiative that is working with13 Arican, Asian and Latin American and Caribbean

developing countries to choose three key sectors

or example, energy, agriculture and tourism in

preparation or a national inter-ministerial workshop

on national climate actions and the Bali Action Plan.

Once these sectors are identifed, UNDP will support

countries in assessing the magnitude and intensity o

national eorts needed to tackle climate change, as

well as provide more accurate estimates or the unds

needed to implement mitigation and adaptationactions.

enronmn and suanab Dopmn:Hanssing th gn cnmy

A UNDP parnrhp o rhaba

ar n Uzbkan Mnguak

drc ha d o br drnkng ar

and, conqun, dcrad ra o

ncou da.


29/44

27 UNDP on th Gund: envinmnt and Sustainab Dvpmnt

As the eects o climate change are increasingly

elt in tandem with the eects o the economic cri-

sis, opportunities are arising or real development

change. UNDP is developing new partnerships, plan-

ning tools, public policies and fnancial instruments

that help transorm and create markets that work or

people and the environment. In 2008, UNDP mobi-lized more than $500 million in grant resources and

more than $1 billion in related co-fnancing through

the GEF, the Multilateral Fund o the Montreal

Protocol and other major initiatives. By helping to

protect orests around the world, UNDP both pro-

tects community livelihoods and helps to drive down

carbon emissions. The Intergovernmental Panel on

Climate Change estimates that the cutting down o

orests is now contributing close to 20 percent o the

overall greenhouse gases that are entering the atmo-sphere, making the goal o reducing deorestation

an urgent and immediate one. UNDP, in partner-

ship with FAO and UNEP, is leading global eorts

to make this happen. In July 2008, the three agen-

cies partnered with the Government o Norway to

fnance the frst phase o the UN Reduced Emissions

rom Deorestation and Forest Degradation

Programme (UN REDD) with $35 million. UNREDD is assisting developing countries in the cre-

ation o national REDD strategies, the monitoring

o orest cover and carbon stocks and the implemen-

tation o pilot projects on orest management that

maintain ecosystems and maximize carbon stocks

while delivering community and livelihood benefts.

A GEF-unded Coal Bed Methane Recovery and

Commercial Utilization programme in India dem-

onstrates that recovering methane during and ater

the extraction o coal is commercially easible and,once captured, can be used as a clean uel or

ReNewABle eNeRGy CReAtes MANy tyPes OF JOBs iN MANy seCtORs:UNDP is dvping nw patnships, panning ts, pubic picis and nancia instumnts that hp tansm andcat makts that wk pp and th nvinmnt.

Suc: UNIustatin: Pama Gisma

hor-rm(conrucon,naaon)

nd-urndur

(ranporaon,conrucon)

nmanuacurng

rccngndur

h-coar

(crfdproona,orr)

ong-rm(mannanc,

manuac-urng)

ndrcuppr

ndur(componn,

mara)

abour

(conrucon,armng,mannanc)

ReNewABleeNeRGy

iNDUstRyJOBs


30/44


generating electricity and as uel or trucks. Roughly

180,000 tons o CO2

emissions annually are being

eliminated because o the ongoing nine-year pro-

gramme, equivalent to the emissions o 180,000 cars.

The technology has shown that capturing methane, a

greenhouse gas with high potency, makes both envi-

ronmental and economic sense. The programmes

practices are now included as part o the curricula

in the Indian School o Mines in the eastern city o

Dhanbad, in Jharkhand, and the programme is inu-

encing methane recovery policy in India, includinga mention o the technology in the Governments

latest fve-year plan. Greenhouse gas emissions in

the Russian Federation have been growing steadily

since 1999, along with the economy. A GEF energy-

efciency programme in partnership with the

Government begun in 2002 has already demon-

strated a number o successul solutions or the

building sector. For instance, in 2008, the pro-

gramme expanded to cover efcient lighting or pub-

lic and residential buildings in several provinces. Ithas secured an additional $100 million commitment

rom the Government and other partners that will

signifcantly scale up activities.

As anxieties over recent volatile ood prices inter-

sect with a very real concern about the degradation

o the environment and climate change, UNDP has

programmes in place that support governments in

addressing both these problems. In Rwanda, one o

Aricas poorest and most densely populated coun-

tries, an environmental programme that began in

2006 has already restored 1,300 hectares through

agro-orestry plants such as reeds and ruit-pro-ducing plants along Lake Kivu shores. By the end o

2008, more than 1,100 households have benefted

rom the programme, which was jointly supported

by UNDP and a grant rom the Government o the

Netherlands. The restoration o this vital ecosys-

tem prevents urther soil erosion and thus increases

ood security in Rwanda by giving people the abil-

ity to once again use degraded land or vital crops.

Benefciaries can also collect the mature reeds and

sell them at markets as encing and roofng materi-als. In addition, these reeds will help mitigate urther

UNDP upporng a projc n Ha ha

coc garbag rom a um and rcc

no brqu ud o cook ood.


31/44

29 UNDP on th Gund: envinmnt and Sustainab Dvpmnt

damage to soil rom the onslaught o violent down-

pours that have become increasingly common in

Rwanda as the climate changes.

The fnancial and economic crises impact on

livelihoods and incomes in the developing world has

stressed the absolute importance o taking a pro-

poor approach to biodiversity and ecosystem reha-

bilitation and protection. Indeed, the environment

provides the poor with ood security, uel, shelter

and medicines, along with livelihoods and is an inte-

gral part o ensuring human welare and economic

development. In Benin, a high dependence on wood

or energy is threatening the orestry ecosystem;

compounding the problem is the lack o access to

the harnessing o alternative energies like biogas and

solar power. GEF supports several womens groups

to promote the use o traditional ovens made o

soil. As a result o these eorts, the use o wood has

decreased by 50 percent with a fth o households in

targeted villages using these ovens. In Iran, through

a GEF-unded programme, UNDP is working with

the Government and local communities to cost-

eectively reclaim, through large-scale replanting

and community-devised and led initiatives, range-

land lost to desertifcation. As a direct result o the

projects eorts, one-third o leadership positions

in local resource management committees are held

by women while women made up two-thirds o the

trainees participating in vocational training courses

including sustainable poultry production, wheat

cultivation, livestock vaccination, carpet weaving and

tapestry making.

UNDP is supporting the establishment o

ecotourism industries in ragile ecosystems inCambodia, Morocco, Uzbekistan and Yemen. The

Archipelago o Socotra, o the coast o Yemen, is

one o the 10 most biologically diverse islands in the

world and also one o the poorest and most disad-

vantaged areas in the country. UNDP has been work-

ing with the Government in partnership with donors

to promote ecotourism and sustainable fshing prac-

tices as well as enhancing the capacities o local com-

munities in sustainable livelihood development to

address their basic urgent needs. By the end o 2008,our protected areas had been established in Socotra,

the Archipelago had been listed as a World Heritage

Site by the UN Educational, Scientifc and Cultural

Organization, the monitoring o lobster harvesting

practices had been established and training in eco-

tourism had begun.

In a time o global crisis, it is important not to

orget how dirty water and lack o adequate sanita-

tion damages development. UNDP is developing the

skills and capacities o proessionals across a range

o developing countries in order to better manage

waste and water. And as climate change threatens

to increase water scarcity already almost two mil-

lion children die each year or want o clean water

and adequate sanitation it is more vital than ever

to manage our resources with the utmost care while

ensuring that the knowledge o what works in one

city can be adapted and put to use in others. Solid

waste management is a major issue in Sri Lanka,

where municipalities and local authorities are ill-

equipped to cater to increasing urbanization and

commercialization and at the same time meet the

demand or sanitary and eective disposal o solid

waste. Waste is oten dumped in open areas, marsh-

lands and river banks. Collection is irregular and

slow, leaving piles o rotting garbage by roadsides

and creating a health and environmental hazard to

residents. As part o a post-tsunami environmental

restoration initiative, unded by the Government o

New Zealand, UNDP contributed to a community-

led clean energy initiative in 2008, which worked

with local people to convert biodegradable waste into

biouels and ertilizer through microfnance projects.

Eight urban low-income communities received

fnancing to establish biogas units; some householdsbenefted by using the biogas as cooking uel or by

using the ertilizer or vegetable gardens while oth-

ers benefted rom the fnancing model built around

the ees collected rom the sale o gas and waste col-

lection. Most importantly, the neighbourhood in

general benefted rom a drastic reduction in haphaz-

ardly discarded solid waste and resulting epidemics

like dengue ever.


32/44


tHROUGHOUt 2008, the UN system continued to

strengthen its eorts to achieve greater impact in

contributing to national development plans and pri-

orities. The impetus o this eort remains grounded

in UN reorm, ollowing the call rom the UN

General Assembly in 1997 or a more coherent,

eective and efcient UN development system.

However, it has become particularly relevant as

developing countries ace signifcant challenges to

their development gains and achievements, includ-

ing the global fnancial and ood crises and their

impact on the poor, as well as the detrimental eects

o climate change. There are indications that in many

countries, with these recent setbacks, the MDGs

may not be achieved by 2015. The UN development

system recognizes that now, more than ever, it needs

to come together, bringing its numerous mandates

and expertise to most eectively respond to national

priorities and challenges.

As the manager o the Resident Coordinator

(RC) system, UNDP, with its UN partners, remains

ully committed to ensuring that the UN devel-

opment system works together more coherently,

enabling the UN to be a more eective development

partner in contributing to a marked improvement

in the lives o the people in the countries it serves.

UNDP also recognizes, with its UN development

partners, that coherency and eectiveness must be

underpinned by national ownership and alignment

with national agendas and systems; a process o joint

UNDP and the UN System:Focusing on Development

scrar-Gnra Ban K-moon a

Drng a On hbon n tanzana.


33/44

31 UNDP and th UN Systm

planning leading to joint programming; joint advo-

cacy; a transparent and inclusive process o unding

allocation that is in line with national priorities;

and harmonized approaches to business and opera-

tions, to reduce transaction costs and to increase

efciencies. UNDP also recognizes that there must bemutual accountability or results between the RC

and the other members o the UN Country Team,

to ensure that all entities are working together

toward the common goal o supporting national

development plans around agreed-upon programme

priorities.

Important progress was made in 2008in enabling the UN to achieve this greater

As pat its t t suppt UN systm-wid

chnc, UNDP cntinud in 2008 t admin-

ist sucs n bha th UN. Thugh th

Multi-Donor Trust Fund Ofce, UNDP administers

dicty thugh UNDP Cunty ocs a

pti that sinc it bgan in 2004 has gwn t

$3.79 billion encompassing 23 Funds and joint pro-

gamms, cving humanitaian assistanc, pst-

cnfict, pst-cisis cvy, cnstuctin and

dvpmnt in m than 70 cuntis. A numb

of new Funds were established in 2008, such as

Delivering as One Funds in Pakistan, Cape Verde

and Malawi, the UN REDD Programme Fund and

th UN Actin against Sxua Vinc in Cnfict.

In addition, the Peacebuilding Fund has expandedits cvag t six additina cuntis. Th ya

2008 as saw maj dvpmnts t caiy th

and unctins th und administat and

th viw and naizatin standad agmnts

with dns and paticipating agncis ndsd

by th UN Dvpmnt Gup. This t is ad-

ing twad th stamining dn and gvn-

mnt intactin, which wi sav mny and tim

and incas cincy and suts.

The MDG Achievement Fund, established in 2006

with a cntibutin m th Gvnmnt Spain,

suppts MDG achivmnt activitis bught

t th tab by mutip patns at th cunty

level.The Fund presents a valuable opportunity

t advanc UN m thugh cabativ p-

gamming at th natina v, mphasizing th

aid ctivnss pincips utind in th Pais

Dcaatin and th Acca Agnda Actin.

With a minimum quimnt tw UN Agn

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UNDP 2009 Report - Living Up to Commitments

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