UNDP and Climate Change

Karma Lodey RaptenUNDP Bhutan

2nd South Asian Judicial Roundtable on Environmental Justice

Thimphu, Bhutan 30-31 August 2013

CC Poses Risks to all MDGs

Millennium Development Goals CLIMATE CHANGE RISKS

MDG 1Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

Depleted livelihood assets, reduced economic growth, and undermined food security.

MDG 2Achieve universal primary education

Reduced ability of children to participate in full-time education by loss of infrastructure, livelihoods (forcing children to work), and displaced families.

MDG 3Promote gender equality and empower women

Additional burdens on women's health and time to participate in decision-making and income-generating activities.

MDGs 4, 5, 6 Reduce child mortality;

Improve maternal health; Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases

Greater prevalence of vector- and water-borne diseases, heat-related mortality. Declining food security, maternal health and availability of potable water.

MDG 7Ensure environmental sustainability

Negatively impacted natural resources and productive ecosystems.

UNDP’s CC Strategy: Aims

Diversify funding sources and help

countries to effectively combine and

sequence these different financing

sources

Diversify funding sources and help

countries to effectively combine and

sequence these different financing

sources

Mainstream CC into development

emphasizing that climate change is not only an environmental

issue but a core developmental concern

Mainstream CC into development

emphasizing that climate change is not only an environmental

issue but a core developmental concern

Complement policy change & capacity

development efforts at national level by

facilitating action at local/community levels

Complement policy change & capacity

development efforts at national level by

facilitating action at local/community levels

Promote public-private partnerships at all administrative

levels

Promote public-private partnerships at all administrative

levels

Address both mitigation and

adaptation towards achieving the MDGs

Address both mitigation and

adaptation towards achieving the MDGs

Build country level capacity to address climate change by providing a set of integrated support

services

Build country level capacity to address climate change by providing a set of integrated support

services

UNDP and CC: Strategic Priorities

Attract and drive direct private and public investment towards lower carbon technologies and land use practices that promote long term sustainability and

poverty reduction

Attract and drive direct private and public investment towards lower carbon technologies and land use practices that promote long term sustainability and

poverty reduction

Promote early adaptation actions and long-term adaptive capacity of developing countries in a sustainable manner

Promote early adaptation actions and long-term adaptive capacity of developing countries in a sustainable manner

Integrate climate change into UN development assistance at the national, regional and global levels to effectively and efficiently service country needs in

addressing the challenge of climate change

Integrate climate change into UN development assistance at the national, regional and global levels to effectively and efficiently service country needs in

addressing the challenge of climate change

Support the design of integrated adaptation and mitigation policies, strategies and quantified action plans that promote long-term sustainability and poverty

reduction at all levels

Support the design of integrated adaptation and mitigation policies, strategies and quantified action plans that promote long-term sustainability and poverty

reduction at all levels

UNDP and CC: Operationalizing the Strategy

UNDP and CC: Delivery Architecture

133 UNDP Country Offices

160+ Client Countries

Bangkok

Bratislava Pretoria

Dakar

Panama

Cairo

6 Regional Service Centres

5 Regional Bureaus

RBECRBLACRBAP RBASRBA

Bureau for Development Policy

EEG

UNDP and CC in Bhutan

National Priority UNDAF Outcome

1. To halve poverty by 2013 By 2012, opportunities for generation of income and employment increased in targeted poor areas. (MDG 1, 8)

2. To improve accessibility, quality and sustainability of health care delivery System

By 2012, increased access and utilization of quality health services with emphasis on reproductive health, maternal and child health and nutrition, HIV/AIDS, TB, malaria and non-communicable diseases. (MDG 4,5,6)

3. To improve quality, relevance and coverage of education

By 2012, access to quality education for all with gender equality and special focush on the hard-to-reach population improved. (MDG 2,3)

4. To foster good governance as a core value for development

By 2012, institutional capacity and people’s participation strengthened to ensure good governance. (MD & MDG 1,3,8)

5. To enhance environmental sustainability and disaster management

By 2012, national capacity for environmental sustainability and disaster management strengthened (MDG 7)

Bhutan: CC Impacts

Bhutan: Greenhouse Gas Emission compared to World average

Source: IPCC AR4, Synthesis Report (shares are for 2004)

Total Emissions 1,559.56 Gg CO2 equivalent (excluding LUCF)Forest Sequestration 6,309.6 Gg CO2 equivalentNet GHG emission -4,750.04 Gg CO2 equivalent

Priorities for Bhutan

• Adaptation and mountain issues• LDC matters• Mitigation as a national action - non-issue • but committed to clean development and

maintaining carbon neutral status• Sincere efforts to serve as an example• Align with LDCs and G77& China

Priorities for Bhutan

• Mitigation• Limit global temperature rise to 1.5°C• Even 2° rise is too much and means disappearance of mountain glaciers

• Emission Reduction Targets• Annex I Parties reduce emissions by at least 45% below 1990 by 2020

and 85% below the 1990 by 2050. (LDC)• Non Annex I mitigation through NAMAs, but contingent on availability of

financing (LDC)• Bhutan can benefit from voluntary NAMA because of sustainable

development and local environmental benefits

• REDD Plus• REDD can contribute to reduction of global emissions• “Conservation” of Forests must be part of REDD mechanism • Prevent international leakage• Prevent perverse incentives

• CDM• Hydropower• Simplification of process for LDCs

Priorities for Bhutan

• Adaptation• Implementation of full LDC work programme• NAPA preparation and Implementation• Capacity building for LDCs (national focal points, meteorological

systems, early warning, negotiations)

• Scope: Medium to long term Adaptation• NAPA is only short term intervention

• Vulnerability conditions to be prioritized• “Fragile mountainous ecosystems”• “Rapidly melting glaciers”• GLOF & Long term impacts

• Implementation of Adaptation (LDC)• Implementation more important than preparation of plans• Too much “mainstreaming” is not desirable

Priorities for Bhutan

• Finance • Simple procedures and mechanisms• Adaptation Fund model

• Under COP• One Fund- multiple windows• National Climate Financing

• Finance for Adaptation• mandatory as per commitments• from public sources “additional to ODA”

• 1.5% of GDP of Annex I• 70% reserved for adaptation

• may need “innovative schemes” to enable “additional, reliable and predictable” financing

• Levies on all trading mechanisms

Priorities for Bhutan

• Technology & Capacity Building• May not benefit from Tech transfer as much as larger developing

countries (eg. CDM)• Technologies for Adaptation is priority• Private sector will not drive adaptation technology• Need research and diffusion of appropriate technology

• Capacity building • Institutional & continuous, • Meteorological, early warning, disaster management, V&A

assessments

Integrated Solid Waste

Management PPP

(UNDP)

Supporting market transformation towards a green, low emission economy

Promoting climate resilient livelihoods, economies and ecosystems

Forests &Biodiversity

CapacityBuilding in Environmental Management, Advocacy and Reporting

National Capacity Self-Assessment (UNDP)*

Poverty Environment Initiative Joint Support Programme (UNDP, UNEP, DANIDA)**

Sustainable Rural Biomass Energy Project (UNDP)*

Support to Environment Education (UNDP)

Reducing CC-induced Risks & vulnerabilities

from GLOF (UNDP)*

RenewableEnergy and Energy Efficiency

BrownSector - sustainable industry, transport and urban management

Climate Change-induced disasters

Agriculture& Food Security

WaterResources

Public Health

NAPA review and update(UNDP)

Supporting Low Emission Climate Resilient Development

Bhutan Climate Summit**

Bhutan Climate Summit(UNDP, FAO, ICIMOD, WWF, McArthur, DANIDA)**

2nd LDCF Climate Change Adaptation Programme (UNDP pipeline)*

Integrated Livestock and Crop Conversation Project (UNDP)*

Second National Communication (UNDP)*

Rural Renewable Energy Project

(ADB)

Capacity Building for Climate Change (ADB)

Piloting Rain-Water

Harvesting (UN Habitat)

Sustainable Financing for Biodiversity Conservation and

Natural Resources Management (WB)

Policy support to NEC (UNEP)

Piloting CC and Human Health

(WHO)*

Local Climate Adaptive Living facility (UNCDF)

National Human Settlements

Policy

National Energy Efficiency Policy

Disaster and Climate Resilient Construction

Engendering the Energy and Environment Portfolio (UNDP/GCCA)

Sengor Community Micro Hydro for Sustainable Livelihood

REDD+ Readiness Strategy

Building Capacity and Mainstreaming Sustainable Land Management in

Bhutan

Human Wildlife Management

Low Emission Capacity Building Programme

1st CC Adaptation Pjt in the World: Reducing CC-induced Risks and Vulnerabilities of GLOFs (US$ 3.5 m

from LDC Fund)

• OUTCOME 1: Improved national, regional, and local capacities to prevent climate change-induced GLOF disasters in the Punakha-Wangdi and Chamkhar Valleys

• OUTCOME 2: Reduced risks of GLOF from Thorthormi Lake through an artificial lake level management system

• OUTCOME 3: Reduced human and material losses in vulnerable communities in the Punakha-Wangdi Valley through GLOF early warnings

• OUTCOME 4: Enhanced learning, evaluation and adaptive management

1st CC Adaptation Pjt in the World: Reducing CC-induced Risks and Vulnerabilities of GLOFs (US$ 3.5 m from LDC Fund)

Sensors

PHPA-1: ~8hrs

Samdingkhag:6hrs 6mins

Punakha:7hrs

Wangdue: 7hrs 50mins

Largest CC Adaptation Project in the World (US$ 11.5 m from LDC Fund)

• Addressing the Risks of Climate-induced Disasters through Enhanced National and Local Capacity for Effective Actions

• Outcome 1: Risks from climate-induced floods and landslides reduced in Bhutan’s economic and industrial hub Pasakha Industrial Area.

• Outcome 2: Community resilience to climate-induced risks strengthened in at least four Dzongkhags

• Outcome 3: Relevant information about climate-related risks and threats shared across climate-sensitive sectors on a timely and reliable basis.

Thank You