UNECE-China Climate Change · China’s National Climate Change Program, issued in 2007, calls for...

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China’s Policies and Actions for Climate Change and CCS

HUANG Shengchu, Ph.D

President, China Coal Information Institute

Tel:0086-10-84657818

Email: [email protected]

UNECE Meeting on Sustainable Energy, Geneva, 17-27 Nov. 2008

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Outlines

(1) Energy Consumption and CO2 Emission in China

(2) Policies and Actions for Climate Change in China

(3) Emission Reductions by Improvement of Energy Efficiency

(4) Carbon Capture and Storage

(5) Development of CDM Projects

(6) Conclusions


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A national research organization with 800 staff, established in 1959 with support by governmental budget of MOST

Scope of Work: Coal, Energy, Environment and Occupational Safety .

HUANG Shengchu

Participating in IPCC’s activities, leading Author of IPCC Special Report on CCS, and

Obtaining IPCC’s Award for outstanding contributions to Nobel Peace Prize 2007 for IPCC.


Introduction to CCIIIntroduction to CCII

China Coal Information Institute - CCII

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China is the second largest energy producer and consumer in the world. In 2007, total energy consumption was 2.65billion tce, increased by 7.8% over the previous year.

Coal is the dominant energy in China.

Fig. Structure of Energy Consumption in China in 2007,CCII

1.3%7.5%

3.4%

18.3%

69.5%Coal

Oil

Gas

Hydro/Nuclear

Others


Structure of Energy Consumption

1.Energy Consumption and CO1.Energy Consumption and CO22 Emission in ChinaEmission in China

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Fig. Coal consumption by sectors in China in 2007

9.2%

5.8%

15.5%15.9%

53.6%

Power Steel Building Chemical Others

Coal Consumption by sectors in China



4 sectors account for more than 85% of the total coal consumption.

The electricity industry is the biggest consumer, accounting for 53.6% of the total consumption, and increased by 12.7% over the previous year.

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Fig. 1995-2007 total coal production and consumption in China

1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 20080

400

800

1200

1600

2000

2400P

rodu

ctio

n/C

onsu

mpt

ion(

Mt)

Year

Production Consumption

Coal production and consumption in China



China is the largest coal producer in the world.

In 2007, the coal production was up to 2.523 billon tones, increased by 8.2% over the period year, and the coal consumption was up to 2.65 billon tones, increased by 7.9% over the previous year.

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In 2007, China generated electricity of 3,255.9 billion kWh, among which 82.86% was coal-fired generation, increased by 14.4% over the previous year.

The coal-fired plant is the biggest emitter of CO2.

Fig. Structure of Power generation in 2007

1.92%

14.95%

0.26%

82.86%Coal-fired Hydro

Wind

Others

Power Generation by Fuels



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Fig. Main emitters in the world, source: http://www.wri.org

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

USA China EU Russia JapanUSA China EU Russia Japan

Em

isso

n (M

t)

4

8

12

16

20

Em

isso

n pe

r pe

rson

(t/p

erso

n)

CO2 Emission



CO2 emission from fossil energy in China was estimated at 5.11billion tones in 2005 (IEA report), second largest emitter in the world, while its emission per person was relatively low, 92nd in the world.

Would be the largest emitter of CO2 with increasing consumption of coal.

China CO2 emissions account for 8% of the world’s total emissions from 1904 to 2004.

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China’s National Climate Change Program, issued in 2007, calls for efforts to reduce 950 tones of CO2 equivalent by 2010.

China's Policies and Actions for Climate Change, released on October 29, 2008, responses to the China’s National Climate Change Program.

China's Policies and Actions for Climate Change

2.Policies and Actions for Climate Change in China2.Policies and Actions for Climate Change in China


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China's Policies and Actions for Climate Change


Main Point

Impact of Climate Change on China

Strategies and Objectives for Addressing Climate Ch ange

Policies and Actions to Mitigate Climate Change

Improving Public Awareness of Climate Change

Promoting International Cooperation in Climate Chan ge

Building for Institution and Mechanism of Climate C hange Mitigation.


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Promoting International Cooperation for Climate Cha nge Mitigation


� Hot Topic in Summit Meetings between China’s President HU Jiantao and Premier WEN Jiabao and State Leaders of Developed Countries

� Participating in the Activities of UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol

� A Member of the Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum, Methane to Market Partnership and Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate.

� High-level Conference on Climate Change: Technology Development and Transfer, 7th – 8th Nov.2008 Beijing, UN issued Beijing Declaration on Climate Change as a reference for the Parties Conference of the UNFCCC to open in Poland next month


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Accelerating the transformation of the economic development pattern Optimizing macro-economic structureHighlighting the priorities of energy saving and energy efficiency.

Saving to 20% of energy consumption per unit of GDP by 2010 from the level in 2005

Optimizing the energy consumption structure by developing renewable energy, which proportion in primary energy consumption will increase to 10% by 2010 and 15% by 2020 respectively with huge investment

Improving the public awareness of climate change and strengthening mechanisms to deal with climate change.

Strategies for Controlling GHG Emissions



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Tiangjing Climate Exchange was open on September 25, 2008, the first one of this kind in China.

Help cost-effectively reduce emissions.

Setting up Carbon Trade in China



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Chinese government closed small coal-fired plants of 14.38 million kW, iron-smelting plants of 46.59 Mt, steelmaking plants 37.47 Mt and cement plants of 52 Mt in 2007.

The government closed more than 2,000 papermaking plants, chemical plants, and 11,200 small coal mines in 2007.

3.Emission Reductions by improvement of Energy 3.Emission Reductions by improvement of Energy

EfficiencyEfficiency

Funds for Projects on Energy Efficiency

Closed Small Plants with Low Energy Efficiency to R educe Energy Consumption


Chinese government provided funds for 681 key energy saving projects, saving 25.5 million tons of coal and reducing about 66.3Mt of CO2 emissions in 2007.

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The total amount of energy saving estimated at 147 million tons of coal, reducing 335 Mt of CO2 emission in 2006 and 2007.

Renewable energy production was approximately 220 Mt tons of coal,reducing 500 Mt of CO2 emission in 2006 and 2007.

3.Emission Reductions by improvement of Energy 3.Emission Reductions by improvement of Energy

EfficiencyEfficiency

Improvement of Energy Efficiency

Emission Reduction


The coal-fired plants reduced fuel for power generation from 448 g coal per kWh in 1980 to 370 g in 2007.

Eenergy consumption per-unit GDP was reduced by 3.66% in 2007.

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Near Zero Emissions Initiative

4.Carbon Capture and Storage4.Carbon Capture and Storage


China MOST and UK BEER launched the Near Zero Emissions Coal Initiative in Beijing on November 20, 2007.

Developing CCS technology and building CCS capability.

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CCS pilot project started at Gaobeidian power plant of Huaneng Power Co. on June 16.

To capture CO2 from flue gases, reducing CO2 emissions by more than 85%, capture 3,000 tonnes CO2 per year.

CCS Pilot project of Huaneng Power Co.



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Pilot CO 2 Injection-Enhanced CBM Project



Petromin Resources Ltd of Canada and CUCBM of China have been working together on project of CO2 injection-enhanced CBM production and CO2 storage with support of Chinese and the Canadian governments.

Pilot test of CBM well in Qinshui, Shanxi province.

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Surface

Coal Bed

CH4

Stored CO2

Methanogens

CO2 CH4

H2

Bacterial consortia, nutrients

(Primary CH 4production ongoing)



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Priority areas for CDM in ChinaEnergy Efficiency Renewable EnergyCBM/CMM

Number of total amount of projects 286

New and renewable sources 197Energy efficiency 32

N2O emissions reduction 16

CBM/CMM recovery 24HFC-23 Decomposition 12

Alternative Fuel 4Afforestation and reforestation 1

A large amount of CDM projects on list of NDRC for approval, with carbon trading totaled at RMB160 billon.

1598 CDM projects approved by NDRC with the total amount of 318 million CERs annually (by October 8, 2008 ).

286 CDM projects approved by EB with the total amount of 121 million CERs annually (by October 27, 2008 ).

5.Development of CDM Projects5.Development of CDM Projects


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CCII completed CDM projects in coal mine methane ut ilization

120MW CBM/CMM Power Generation Project, Jincheng Coal Mining Co.,

Shanxi province,

It is the largest CBM/CMM

power in the world, with support

of World Bank and Asian

Development Bank.

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CCII completed CDM projects in coal mine methane ut ilization

Coal Mine Methane Destroy and Utilization Project, Pansan mine, Huannan Ming Co., Anhui province

CBM Utilization in Alumina Sintering Furnace Project, YangquanCoal Mining Co., Shanxi province

CBM Comprehensive Utilization Power Generation Project, Songzao Coal & Power Co., Chongqing municipality

CBM Utilization Project in Tiefa Mine Area, Tiefa Coal Mining Co.,

Liaoning province.


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830 participants from 34 countries attended the Expo on Oct. 30 to Nov. 1, 2007, Beijing

Co-hosted by NDRC and USEAP, organized by CCII

2007 Methane to Markets Expo2007 Methane to Markets Expo


4 Sectors• CMM • Landfill Gas • Natural Gas and Oil • Agriculture

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The 8th International Symposium on CBM/CMM

and Carbon Trade in China

Dec.4-5, 2008, Kunlun Hotel Beijing

Host: State Administration of Coal Mine Safety,

US Environmental Protection

Australian Department of Climate Change

Organizer: CCII

For more information, please contact us

Mr. Liu Wege, Ms. Liu Xin

Tel/Fax :0086-10-84657806

E-mail:[email protected]


Welcome to join inWelcome to join in

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Conclusions

China actively participates in international activities for Climate Change mitigation.

China issued the Policies and Actions for Climate Change, Makinggreat efforts to reduce GHG emission.

China currently attaches priorities to energy saving in order toreduce CO2 emission.

China is establishing mechanism to reduce GHG emission, encourage CCS development and promote CDM carbon trade.

China offers great potential opportunities for carbon trade and CCS, as well as technologies transfer to China.

CCII has been envolved in activities of Climate Change mitigation with international organizations and companies from home and abroad, and continues to work in the area with very efforts


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Thanks for your attentionThanks for your attention

Welcome to visit CCII in Beijing whenever you visit ChinaWelcome to visit CCII in Beijing whenever you visit China

www.coalinfo.net.cnwww.coalinfo.net.cn

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