Unidad II Programaci n de Interfaces

8/13/2019 Unidad II Programaci n de Interfaces

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Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Unidad II. La Tecnologa

de las Interfaces

[1] HCI: Developing Effective Organizational Information Systems, Dov Teeni, JaneCarey, Ping Zhang, Wiley


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Learning Objectives

Understand and discuss human perceptionand interactive technologies that support thevarious sensory perceptors including:

VisionAudition

Touch

Understand and discuss interactive inputtechnologies including:

Keyboards

Pointing devices


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Understand voice recognition interactive input

devices.

Understand touch-related haptic interactive input

devices.

Understand and discuss visual display interactive

output technologies.

Understand and discuss voice synthesis.

Understand the human

computer interaction (HCI)implications of all these technologies.

Understand the HCI implications of wireless,

wearable, and other emerging technologies.

Learning Objectives


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Introduction

This chapter explores interactive technologies.

We have confined this chapter to the exploration ofonly those technologies that interact with the userand thus support human-computer interaction.

This chapter is organized around input devices andoutput devices.

We also introduce new technologies such as thewireless PDA (Personal Digital Assistant).

We also discuss the physical constraints imposed by

these new technologies tofit

the design.


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Sensory Perception and Interactive

Input Devices

Input Device is any machine that feeds

data into a computer.

Vision: Keyboards

Keyboard is the set of typewriter-like keysthat enable the user to enter data into the

computer.


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Vision: Keyboards

Figure 3.1 Traditional Keyboard Figure 3.2 Split Keyboard


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Vision: Pointing Devices

Pointing Device controls the movement of thecursor on a display screen.

There are six different interaction tasks that canbe performed by pointing or manipulationdevices:

Select (point and click),

Position (drag and click),

Orient (rotate),

Path (combination of orient and position

movements), Quantify (point and click), and

Text (the pointing device merely initiates theposition where the text is to begin and thengives control to the keyboard).


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Types of Pointing Devices

mice (Figure 3.3)

graphic tablets

track balls Joysticks

pen-based input

touch screens (Figure 3.4)

light pens voice



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Figure 3.3 Mouse Figure 3.4 Touch Screen Figure 3.5 Graphics Tablet


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Audition: Voice Recognition

Voice Recognition is the ability of thecomputer to recognize human speech.

The four major types of conversational

tasks: Composition tasks

Transcription tasks

Transaction task

Collaboration tasks


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Touch- Haptic Devices

Haptic devices generate sensation to the

skin and muscles through touch, weight,

and rigidity.


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Output Devices

Output Device is a machine capable of

representing data from a computer.

Visual Display is an output device that is

capable of rendering data from a computer.Data may take the form of graphic, tabular,

text or other.


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Output Devices

Synthesized speech is appropriate when:

The required message is short and simple,

The message needs an immediate response, The user/receiver is visually occupied,

The environment is too brightly or poorly lit forordinary visual displays to be used,

The user is moving around too much to visuallyattend to a single screen, or

No screen exists but an audio receiver does (e.g.,telephone).


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Output Devices

Printers

Ink-jet

Laser

Color printers


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Output DevicesNon-speech auditory

In some environments and for some tasks,

non-speech auditory outputs such as beeps

are very useful.

An auditory non-speech output is any soundthat is generated by the computer or other

device that can be detected by the human ear

but is not speech-related.


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Wearable Devices

There is a great deal of interest in the design and

implementation of wearable computer devices that

are small, durable, and useful particularly in a military

setting.

Vision enhancement, translation (text-to-speech,

speech-to-text, and language-to-language), pen-

based input, navigation, environmental scanning, and

detection are among the many tasks performed by

wearable devices. Small GPS (global positioning systems) are often a

critical component of these devices.


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Wireless Devices

Wireless devices: Devices connected to

networks and other devices through non-wire

media such as infrared signals.

We have many improved tools to support oureveryday life. Mobile or wireless devices are

allowing people to compute on the run.

Personal digital assistants (PDA), text-based

cell phones, palm tops, and other small,portable devices are abundant.


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Virtual Devices

Virtual devices are those that support virtual

reality interaction.

Virtual reality is an artificial environment that

simulates reality. There are many interaction devices for the

world of virtual reality. A combination of exotic

headgear, gloves, and body suits orient the

user to the virtual world.


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Virtual Devices

Figure 3.8 Virtual reality glove


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Summary

This chapter presents various technologiesthat interact with the user.

Input devices

Keyboards

Mice

Joysticks

Track balls

Voice input

Haptic devices


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Summary

Output Devices

Monitors

Printers

Auditory output Voice synthesis

Also discussed are wearable, wireless, and

virtual devices.

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