Unit 1 ©Kimberly Anne Haight, DC. Introduction Email Office Hours AIM Name Resource Room ...

Unit 1

©Kimberly Anne Haight, DC

Introduction Email Office Hours AIM Name Resource Room

Syllabus DocSharing DropBox


The liquid portion of blood is called plasma

You have 4-6 L of blood in your body Plasma makes up 2.6 L

Blood is alkaline (pH is 7.5 to 7.45) Americans donate 14 million units

annually Donated blood can only be stored for 6 weeks


ABO System Type A blood – have type A antigens in RBCs;

anti-B type antibodies in plasma Type B blood – have type B antigens in RBCs;

anti-A type antibodies in plasma Type AB blood – have type A and type B

antigens in RBCs; no anti-A or anti-B antibodies in plasma ( called universal recipient blood

Type O blood – no type A or type B antigens in RBCs; both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in plasma Called universal donor blood


Named for Rhesus Monkey Based on presence of or absence of Rh

Factor in the blood Surface of rbc’s contains makers that the

immune system can recognize Using + or – system Transfusions can be serious



Liquid fraction of whole blood minus any formed elements

It contains water as well as dissolved substances Food, salts About 3% of total oxygen

transported in blood About 5% of total carbon

dioxide Plasma proteins


http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/instruct/tcolvill/435/plasma.gif

Plasma minus clotting factors called serum Serum is liquid remaining after whole blood

clots Serum contains antibodies

Which are helpful to destroy toxins They are specific to an antigen

Reminder: antigen is a foreign substance in the body capable of causing disease


You accidentally step on a rattlesnake while hiking. It bites you and you seek treatment at a local hospital. The physician states that she is going to inject you with serum from a horse. She explains that the serum is from horses in which resistance to rattlesnake venom has been induced. You nod with understanding and give permission for this treatment. Explain to the worried friends who brought you to the hospital what serum is and how this serum will help your condition.

Why must this treatment involve serum and not plasma?


Serum is the blood plasma minus its clotting factors that still contains antibodies – so it can treat patients who have a specific antibodies

How will this help ???


Serum contains antibodies They are molecules in the plasma that

destroy harmful toxins Antibodies are specific to an antigen

(foreign substance in the body capable of causing disease)


Most docs treat using antivenin (this is an antitoxin specific to the venom of a particular toxin)

It is derived form antibodies created in a horse’s blood serum when the animal is injected with snake venom


Referred to as erythrocytes Formed in red bone marrow Are a biconcave disc shape (thin center

and thick edges) Lack a nucleus Named according to size

Normocytes (normal size 7-9 um in diameter) Microcytic (small size) Macrocytic (large size)


Transport of respiratory gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide)

Plays an impt. Role in homeostasis of acid-base balance

A CBC (complete blood count) is a laboratory test used to measure the amount or levels of many blood constituents



Low oxygen carrying capacity of blood Major symptom: fatigue Hemorrhagic anemia

Accidents / bleeding ulcers Aplastic anemia

Toxic chemicals, excessive xrays, chemotherapy

Pernicious anemia Lack of intrinsic factor


Define sickle cell anemia. Name the cause and the symptoms and identify those individuals most affected by this serious disease.



Called leukocytes Categorized with granules or without

granules Granulocytic WBCs

Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils

Agranulocytes Lymphocytes Monocytes

Function of WBCs – protection and disease fighting


Amt of WBCs per cubic millimeter of whole blood

Ranges from 5000-9000 Leukopenia – low WBC count Leukocytosis – high WBC count


WBC count exceeds 100,000 Acute or Chronic – depends on how

quickly symptoms appear after the disease begins

Lymphocytic or Myeloid – depends on the cell type involved


The four main types of leukemia are: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, or ALL. ALL

is the most common leukemia in children. Adults can also get it.

Acute myelogenous leukemia, or AML. AML affects both children and adults.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, or CLL. CLL is the most common leukemia in adults, mostly those who are older than 55. Children almost never get it. It sometimes runs in families.

Chronic myelogenous leukemia, or CML. CML occurs mostly in adults.


Date post:	28-Dec-2015
Category:	Documents
Upload:	griselda-hutchinson
View:	222 times
Download:	0 times

Unit 1 ©Kimberly Anne Haight, DC. Introduction Email Office Hours AIM Name Resource Room ...

Documents