SUMMARY unit 01. TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS group: 2º Bil
TECHNOLOGIES IN SECONDARY SCHOOL FOR SPANISH SPEAKERS Tekneso
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Images licenses https://www.flickr.com/photos/jdickert/305722372/
Technological process
SUMMARY unit 01. TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS group: 2º Bil
TECHNOLOGIES IN SECONDARY SCHOOL FOR SPANISH SPEAKERS Tekneso
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100 $
1. DEFINITION OF TECHNOLOGY Technology is the coordinated application of SKILLS (Techniques)
and KNOWLEDGE (Science) in order to create a SOLUTION
(Technological object or system) which satisfy our NEEDS or solve
our PROBLEMS
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2. TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS STAGES. Every time it is required to find a technological solution we must follow
a set of stages (phases / steps / periods):
NEED IDEA DEVELOP THE IDEA CONSTRUCTION CHECK
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3. FACTORS TO CONSIDER IN THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS. What does Technology depend on?
1. Materials and their properties
2. I.T. Information Technology
3. Technical Drawing
4. Economic considerations
5. Working techniques (procedures)
6. Knowledge ( Physical and scientific concepts)
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4. How is distributed the workshop? As you have noticed, the workshop is a completely different classroom
to the others in the high school in which there are some specific areas
where everything is organised.
This picture shows these areas and the stuff they store.
5. What are the different roles of every member in a workshop group? responsibilities
As it happens in all companies and factories, the activities carried out
in a workshop must be organised. That’s why each member in a
workshop group has a role:
The coordinator organises all the work among the group members
and represents the group.
The secretary collets, organises and checks all the written
documents from each group member. (Plans, quotations, notes,
process reports…)
The one responsible for the materials collets the materials needed
for the work and is in charge of recycling leftover material.
The one responsible for the tools looks after the tools assigned to
the group to make sure they are not lost or damaged.
The one responsible for health and safety makes sure that the
group members follow the health and safety rules in the workshop
and when using tools.
The one in charge of cleaning makes sure each workstation is left
completely clean.
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knowledge skills SOLUTION
satisfy our needs solve our problems
1 2 3 4 5
1. NEED
2. IDEA
3. DEVELOP
THE IDEA
4. CONSTRUCTION
5. CHECK
TECHNO- Techniques
-LOGY Science
coordinator secretary materials
responsible
tools
responsible health & safety
responsible
cleaning
responsible
Workshop: Area used for working
with tools and appliances
Storeroom for materials:
Area used for storing
materials we need for
our projects.
Storeroom for projects:
Area used for storing
projects that are being
constructed.
sink
machines
bla
ckb
oard
library
workstations high stools
Library: Area with books and magazines we
need to consult as part of our projects
SUMMARY unit 01. TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS group: 2º Bil
TECHNOLOGIES IN SECONDARY SCHOOL FOR SPANISH SPEAKERS Tekneso
U1 U
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6. Are there any rules to follow in a workshop? Types of signs Of course there are many rules which are classified into 2 big groups:
Health rules: Their aim is to enable workers to undertake their occupation in good environmental conditions, causing the least harm to their
health
Safety rules: Their aim is to prevent accidents and reduce the risk of hurting ourselves.
In a workshop, there are tools and machines which can be dangerous if they are not used properly, so that's why everyone must follow some
compulsory advice and instructions.
They inform about the obligatory protections that you have to wear to
avoid accidents.
They forbid certain activities in order to avoid risks.
They warn of possible dangers when using certain materials or tools.
They help and give information about first aid equipment and
emergency exits.
As soon as you have any kind of accident (cuts, burns, and dust in
your eyes…) tell your teacher immediately.
Keep your hands dry and clean.
Keep your workstation and the workshop clean and tidy while you
work and every time you finish a task.
Put your tools away when you are not using them.
Try to work being quiet (quietly) so that too much noise makes
people irritable and aggressive and interrupts concentration.
Health rules Safety rules
Don’t wear necklaces, rings or loose-fitting clothes. They may get
caught in the machines.
Ask everything you don’t understand on how to use machines and
tools after reading the instructions and features. Don’t use any of
them if you don’t know how to use. Use the right one for the right
task. Make sure they are in perfect condition before you use them
(check there aren’t parts missing or broken, the handles are secure
and safety elements are in place.
Don’t waste materials and look after your equipment.
Find out where everything is in the workshop (alarm bells, fire
extinguishers, signs, equipment…)
Obey signs (Mandatory, danger, first aid and emergency and
prohibition.
Mandatory signs
Prohibition signs
General
mandatory
action sign
Wear ear
protections
Wear eye
protections
Wear safety
footwear
Wear
protective
gloves
Wear
protective
clothing
Wear head
protections
Wear a mask Wear
respiratory
protection
Wear a safety
harness
No smoking No open
flame
No
thoroughfare
Not drinking
water
Do not touch
Do not
extinguish with
water
No activated
mobile phone
No pushing Do not use lift
in the event of
fire
No eating or
drinking
First aid emergency signs
Danger signs
General
warning sign
Warning;
Explosive
material
Warning;
Electricity
Warning; Toxic
material
Warning;
Flammable
material
Warning;
Radioactive
material
Warning;
Magnetic field
Warning;
Slippery
surface
Warning;
Overhead load
Warning; Hot
surface
Warning;
Corrosive
substance
Warning;
Floor-level
obstacle
Warning; Drop
(fall)
Warning;
Overhead
obstacle
Warning; Low
temperature
First aid Emergency
telephone
Safety shower Emergency exit
(left hand)
Emergency exit
(right hand)
Automated
external heart
defibrillator
Direction left
arrow
Direction right
arrow
SUMMARY unit 01. TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS group: 2º Bil
TECHNOLOGIES IN SECONDARY SCHOOL FOR SPANISH SPEAKERS Tekneso
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7. Technology, society and the environment Until the industrial revolution (in 19th century) technology was based on
experience and perfecting techniques so that technology was
developed very slowly for centuries.
Images licenses http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Malta-industry-154.jpg
When industrial revolution took place scientific research become more
important, affecting the technological processes. This situation made
to increase production and machines were invented to do certain jobs
allowing that millions of people no longer had to do laborious work.
Productivity and standards of living increased.
Technology responds to society’s needs and helps society to develop.
Although technological development has many advantages, it also
creates serious PROBLEMS IN THE ENVIRONMENT such as:
Exhausting of natural resources and raw material. Resources
overexploitation (animal, mineral or vegetal). They can run out and
habitats disappear.
Pollution. Human activities generate substances that impact on the
environment and can damage to living organisms, people, animals,
vegetation, lakes and rivers.
Social inequalities between countries and regions.
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Nowadays, the most important technological issues related to the
environment are:
Technology has to optimise materials and time
Technology has to find a sustainable development without
damaging the environment.
8. The company (business activities) All companies produce goods (products or services) that improve our
standard of living. They all carry out procedures which organise their
work in an efficient and effective way.
The main activities in a company are classified into:
Management Objectives’ Establishment
Making decisions
Production
Manufacturing goods Production process Quality control
Distribution
Sales teams
Transport networks
Advertising campaigns Post-sales service
Logistics
Activities to support the company Market research
Finance
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9. The market (advertising & comsumption) We all usually buy things when we need to satisfy a need or solve our
problems (Remember the purpose of technology) but… Have you ever
thought what happens in that moment?
Well in one hand, companies provide goods to meet consumer
demand and, of course, they obtain a profit since companies sell them
at higher price than their manufacturing cost.
In the other hand the consumer can’t avoid (help) buying these goods:
Because they are normal or necessary goods like basic foods
(bread, milk…)
Because they have been exposed to aggressive advertising
campaigns and consumers buy stuff they don’t need and
sometimes pay inflated prices for them.
As for advertising can influence us, it’s really important to be critical
when we face with pressure from advertising.
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SUMMARY unit 01. TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS group: 2º Bil
TECHNOLOGIES IN SECONDARY SCHOOL FOR SPANISH SPEAKERS Tekneso
U1 U
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10. Analysis of a technological object When we need to know how an object is made of, its features and understanding how it works, it is required to answer several questions so that’s
why we organise this procedure by analysing:
Its form (Analysis of form)
Its technical composition (Technical analysis)
Its function (Analysis of function)
Its socio-economic impact. (Socio-Economic analysis)
Analysis of form This analysis describes the shape of the object and it comprises these
tasks:
1. Draw the object
2. What shape is it? (Sphere, a cone, a prism…)
3. What are its exterior measurements? (height, width and depth)
4. Draw each of the separate pieces of the object
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Technical Analysis This analysis describes the manufacture of the object and it comprises
these tasks:
1. How many pieces make up the object?
2. What material is each piece made of? (wood, metal, plastic,
textile, stone…)
3. How are the pieces joined?
4. What are the physical principles that make it function?
5. What manufacturing process has been used?
6. Which dimensions should be standardised?
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Analysis of function This analysis describes the object’s use and it comprises these tasks:
1. What is this object used for?
2. What are its different pieces for?
3. How does it work?
4. What are the instructions for use?
5. What problems can occur when it’s being installed?
6. What kind of maintenance does it require?
7. What safety risks are there in using the object?
8. What other objects have a similar function?
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Socio-economic Analysis This analysis describes the social function and economic and
environmental repercussions of the object and it comprises these tasks:
1. What is the origin of the object and what need does it satisfy?
2. Did we use anything different in the past?
3. What are the environmental effects of its use?
4. How is this product sold?
5. How much does it cost in the shops?
6. Is it expensive or cheap relative to other objects with the same
function?
7. Could this object be made from cheaper materials? Explain your
answer
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SUMMARY unit 01. TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS group: 2º Bil
TECHNOLOGIES IN SECONDARY SCHOOL FOR SPANISH SPEAKERS Tekneso
U1
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IT 1
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Page 6
Web bibliography http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_safety_and_health
