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Unit 13 Marker Board
Review
Acids & Bases
You need a marker board, marker, eraser, calculator, & periodic table.
Question #1
List 4 properties of acids.
Answer:1 – Sour taste2 – React with metals to form hydrogen gas3 – React with metal carbonates to form CO2 gas4 – Turn indicators red
Question #2
List 4 properties of bases.
Answer:1 – Taste bitter2 – Unreactive with metals and carbonates3 – Feel slippery4 – Turn indicator blue
Question #3
According to Arrhenius, acids ionize to produce _______ ions & bases ionize to produce _______ ions.
Answer:hydrogenhydroxide
Question #4
A Bronsted acid _____________ a _______________ and a base ______________ a ____________.
___________ is a substance that can either donate or accept a H+ ion.
Answer:- donates, hydrogen ion- accepts, hydrogen ion- Amphoprotic/Amphoteric
Question #5Label the Acid, Base, Conjugate Acid, &
Conjugate Base for each reaction below:
• NH3 + H2O NH4+ + OH-
• H2CO3 + H2O H3O+ + HCO3-
Answer:NH3 + H2O NH4
+ + OH-
B A CA CB
H2CO3 + H2O H3O+ + HCO3-
A B CA CB
Question #6
Strong acids ionize _______________ while weak acids ionize ________________.
Which is the stronger acid?
Oxalic Acid: Ka = 5.1 x 10-5
Carbonic Acid: Ka = 4.8 x 10-11
Answer:
completely; only partially;Oxalic Acid (larger Ka value)
Question #7
When an acid reacts with a base to neutralize it, the products are a ___________ & ___________.
Answer: Salt & Water
Question #9
Acids have a pH ___________ than 7.
Bases have a pH __________ than 7.
Pure water has a pH of _____ because . . .?
Answer: Less
Greater
7 because it is neutral!
Question #10
• HBr• NaOH• HNO2
• H3PO3
• NH3
• H2SO4
• Mg(OH)2
• H2CO3
• HC2H3O2
Write the name for the following formulas. Is it an acid or base?Check your answers after you’ve written ALL of them!
Hydrobromic Acid—acid
Sodium Hydroxide—base
Nitrous Acid—acid
Phosphorous Acid - acid
Ammonia—base
Sulfuric Acid—acid
Magnesium Hydroxide - base
Carbonic Acid—acid
Acetic Acid—acid
Question #11
Write & balance the equation for the neutralization of sulfuric acid with potassium hydroxide.
Answer: H2SO4 + 2 KOH 2 H2O + K2SO4
Question #12
Write & balance the neutralization reaction of hydrobromic acid & calcium hydroxide.
Answer:
2 HBr + Ca(OH)2 2 H2O + CaBr2
Question #13
The formula for the hydronium ion is ____________________ & for the hydroxide ion _______________.
Answer: H30+ & OH-
Question #14
An H+ ion is really just a _______________ and cannot exist in solution.
Answer: Proton
Question #16
The formula for calculating [H3O+] from pH is ______________________. I type this into my calculator as: _________
Answer: [H3O+] = 10^(-pH)
2nd log (negative pH)
Question #17
The formula for calculating [H3O+] from [OH-] is ______________________. I type this into my calculator as: _______
Answer: Kw = [OH-][H3O+] = 1.0 x 10-14
[H3O+] = 1.0 x 10-14
[OH-]
1.0 E -14 / [OH-]
Question #18
• List the formulas for pH, H+ concentration, pOH, & OH- concentration.
Answer:
pH = -log [H+] OR 14 - pOH[H+] = 10^(- pH) OR 1.0 x 10-14 / [OH-]pOH = -log [OH-] OR 14 - pH[OH-] = 10^(- pOH) OR 1.0 x 10-14 / [H3O+]
Question #20
What is the pH of an HCl solution with a concentration of 0.0015 M? Acidic or basic?
•Answer: pH = -log (0.0015) = 2.8
Acidic
Question #21
• What is the pH of a solution with an pOH of 10.5? Acidic or basic?
Answer: pH = 14 – pOH = 14 – 10.5 = 3.5 Acidic
Question #22
• What is the [H+] of a solution with a pH of 4.51?
Answer: [H+] = 10^(-4.51) = 3.09 x 10-5 M
Question #23
• What is the pOH of a solution with a [H+] of 9.99 x 10-9 M? Acidic or basic?
Answer: pOH = -log [OH-]
[OH-] = 1.0 x 10-14 / 9.99 x 10-9 = 1.0 x 10-6 M
pOH = -log(1.0 x 10-6) = 6.0
pH = 14 – 6.0 = 8.0 Basic
Question #24
• What is the pOH of a solution with an [OH-] of 7.81 x 10-3 M? Acidic or basic?
Answer: pOH = -log [OH-] = -log (7.81x10-3) = 2.1
pH = 14 – 2.1 = 11.9 Basic
Question #26
What is the purpose of a titration? What is the role of an indicator in a titration? What has been reached when acid and base completely neutralize one another?
Answer: A titration enables you to determine the concentration of a solution by reacting a known volume of the solution with a solution of known concentration.
An indicator changes color when the end point of the titration has been reached.
The end point has been reached.
Question #27
• You add a substance to pure water and the pH rises from 7 to 9. What has happened to the concentration of H3O+? Is the substance added an acid or a base?
Answer: The concentration of H3O+ has decreased. The substance is a base.
Question #28
• In the titration of a strong acid with a strong base, what pH range should the indicator have?
Answer: 6-8
Question #29
• Write the balanced equation for the reaction between nitric acid and magnesium hydroxide.
Answer:
2 HNO3 + Mg(OH)2 Mg(NO3)2 + 2 H2O