Date post: | 13-Jan-2016 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | alexandra-parks |
View: | 216 times |
Download: | 2 times |
Unit 13: Relocating our industries in other parts of South China
These industries mainly include:
Electronics Clothing Toys Plastics
Dyeing Leather-tanning
(A) What types of industries have moved?
– Need a lot of workers – Are labour-intensive industr
ies
– Need a lot of water and discharge wastes which pollute the environment
– Are offensive industries
Next
Unit 13: Relocating our industries in other parts of South China
The industries mainly moved to:
The Shenzhen Special Economic Zone
Guangzhou
Dongguan
The Zhuhai Special Economic Zone
Next
Unit 13: Relocating our industries in other parts of South China
(B) Why have our factories moved to other parts of South China?3 main reasons:
All these advantages make the cost of production in other parts of South China much lower than in Hong Kong.
Close to Hong Kong
Plenty of labour and land
Less costly on waste treatment
Next
Unit 13: Relocating our industries in other parts of South China
Close to Hong Kong Those special economic zones are in the ZhuJiang Delta. They are well linked to Hong Kong by roads and railways
They have good communications with Hong Kong
Hence, the factory owners find it convenient in managing their factories, controlling the quality of products and transporting products and raw materials.
Next BackRailway
Main road
Town or city
km
Key:
Unit 13: Relocating our industries in other parts of South China
Plenty of labour and land
The South China areas have plentiful labour and land.
The wages of workers and the cost of land for building factories are low.
Factory owners find it easy to hire plentiful labour as well as to build and expand their factories.
The total production cost is low.
Next Back
Unit 13: Relocating our industries in other parts of South China
Less costly on waste treatment
In Hong Kong, there are strict laws on environmental protections.
Hence, the treatment of industrial waste in Hong Kong is very expensive.
The cost on industrial waste treatment in other parts of South China is much lower.
Back
Unit 13: Relocating our industries in other parts of South China
(C) What can Hong Kong gain?
4 gains:
Next
New business
High-technology industries
Land for other uses
Less pollution
Unit 13: Relocating our industries in other parts of South China
New business
Although many labour-intensive and offensive industries have moved to other parts of South China, they still give Hong Kong new business as they need the services of Hong Kong.
These important service activities include:
– Transport
– Finance
– Communications
BackNext
Unit 13: Relocating our industries in other parts of South China
High-technology industries
Most of our workers are well educated and skilled.
They prefer better paid jobs which require high technology.
High-technology industries can possibly replace the declining labour intensive industries.
Next Back
Unit 13: Relocating our industries in other parts of South China
Land for other uses
In Hong Kong, land is insufficient.
As factories have moved, more sites can be redeveloped for residential, commercial and other uses.
Congestion is reduced. The living environment is improved.
Commercial activities can have more space for development.
BackNext
Unit 13: Relocating our industries in other parts of South China
Less pollution
The decrease in the number of factories means less factory wastes are being produced in Hong Kong.
This helps improve our environment.
Back
Unit 13: Relocating our industries in other parts of South China
(D) What are Hong Kong’s losses?
3 losses:
Fall in manufacturing industries
Unemployment
Labour disputes
Next
Unit 13: Relocating our industries in other parts of South China
Fall in manufacturing industries
The percentage of our total income earned by manufacturing sector is getting smaller and smaller since 1990.
In 1990, it was 18%. In 1997, it fell to 7.2%. The economy structure is changed. The service industry has
substituted the role of the manufacturing industry in Hong Kong.
The number of workers employed in the service industry is 7 times to those employed in the manufacturing industry.
The importance of the manufacturing industries to our economy is falling. Hong Kong will lose one of the most important sources of income.
Next Back
Unit 13: Relocating our industries in other parts of South China
Unemployment Many workers lose their jobs as factories close down
and move to other parts of South China.
Those working in business relating to manufacturing industries also lose their jobs, like transport business.
Unemployment has become a serious problem in our society.
1.3%
3.2%
5.5%
0.0%
1.0%
2.0%
3.0%
4.0%
5.0%
6.0%
1990 1995 1998
Unemploymentrate
Unemployment rate in Hong Kong
Next Back
Unit 13: Relocating our industries in other parts of South China
Labour disputes
The wages of factory workers have fallen since there are fewer jobs for them.
Labour disputes become more common. This may lead to social unrest and affect the living of the general public.
Back
Unit 13: Relocating our industries in other parts of South China
Terms to learn:
Relocate a factory - move a factory to another area
Offensive industry - an industry producing wastes which damage the environment
Treatment of factory wastes - making wastes of a factory less harmful to the environment
High-technology industry - an industry that requires modern technology and skilled workers, e.g. electronics industry. Also written as hi-tech industry
Labour dispute - quarrel between factory owners and workers
End