Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to EnergyEssential Question: What is energy?

Big Idea: Energy Exits in different forms and can change from one form to another, but energy is always conserved.

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Sound from this marching band is caused by

vibrations of air particles

A law that states that energy cannot be created or destroyed but can change forms

Get Energized!

What are two types of energy?

• Energy is the ability to cause change.

• Energy takes many different forms and causes many different effects.

• There are two general types of energy:

• kinetic energy • potential energy

Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy p102

What are two types of energy?

• Kinetic energy is the mechanical energy of an object that is due to motion. All moving objects have kinetic energy.

• The amount of kinetic energy an object has depends on its mass and speed (Velocity).

• Kinetic energy increases as mass increases and as velocity (speed) increases.

Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy p102

What are two types of energy?

Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy p103

What are two types of energy?

• Potential energy is the mechanical energy that an object has due to its position, condition, or chemical composition.

• Potential energy that is the result of an object’s condition is called elastic potential energy.

• A change in the condition of an object affects its potential energy.

• Stretching a rubber band increases its potential energy

Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy p103

What are two types of energy?

• Potential energy is the mechanical energy that an object has due to its position, condition, or chemical composition.

• Potential energy that is the result of an object’s chemical composition is called chemical potential energy.

• Chemical potential energy depends on chemical composition.

• As bonds break and new bonds form between atoms during a chemical change, energy can be released.

Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy

Fuels such as charcoal are hydrocarbons, chemical compounds made mainly from hydrogen and carbon. When a fuel burns in air, the hydrocarbons break up into simpler compounds. The chemical potential energy they contain is then released as heat energy. Light energy is produced at the same time and this is what makes a fire glow as it burns

p103

Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy

6) Other things that show PE & KE

p103

Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy

• An object can have both potential and kinetic energy at the same time.

Can objects have potential and kinetic energy at the same time?

The story of kinetic and potential energy

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• No, because he is at the bottom of the ramp. • Gravity cannot pull him any lower, so he has no GPE

Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy p103

7) Analyze: Do you think that the skater has any GPE at pt C (3)? Explain

 

Energy transfer inside a half pipe.1 & 5) All potential energy2) Potential becoming Kinetic3) All Kinetic energy no Potential4) Kinetic becoming Potential5) All Potential

• The Come-Back Can – Lab Section

• Take out key terms and put on corner of desk.

• Planner/Yellow card on top of key terms – open to today’s date.

• Open book to p104

• Write name on all papers on your deskP104-106 notesIn Perfect Form WS (homework)

In Perfect FormWhat forms can energy take?

• Kinetic energy and potential energy are two types of energy that can come in many different forms.

• mechanical, sound, electromagnetic, electrical, chemical, thermal, and nuclear energy.

• Energy is expressed in joules (J).

Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy p104

P104-105

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9) How does electrical energy differ from electromagnetic energy?

Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy

10) Would you expect to detect electrical energy if you played the pinball game? Explain

Electromagnetic energy is caused by vibration of electrically charged particles. Transmitted by waves

Electrical energy is caused by the position or motion of electrically charged particles.

The pinball machine is powered by electrical energy as inferred by the lights, sounds (rings where the ball hits the bumper) and motion of the flippers.

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Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy

In Perfect Form WS1) You can determine an object mechanical

energy by adding together the objects kinetic and potential energy.

2) 2 forms of energy associated with the particles that make up the object are: Nuclear, electromagnetic, electrical, chemical, thermal or sound.

3) B,C,E,F (electrical, thermal, chemical, electromagnetic)

4) A (mechanical)

5) A,B,C,F (mechanical, electrical, thermal, electromagnetic)

6) B,C,F (electrical, thermal, electromagnetic)

7) C,D,F (thermal, nuclear, electromagnetic)

8) A,C,E,F (mechanical, thermal, chemical, electromagnetic)

What forms can energy take?

8) What forms of energy can you identify in this pinball game?

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy

Electromagnetic

Sound

Mechanical

P104-105

B

C

A

Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy

12) Why is the chemical energy of a battery potential energy and not kinetic energy?

The energy in the chemicals is stored energy. The battery must be placed into a completed electrical circuit for the energy to create an electric current.

Pg 106

TransformersWhat is an energy transformation?

• An energy transformation takes place when energy changes from one form into another form.

• Any form of energy can change into any other form of energy.

• Often, one form of energy changes into more than one form.

Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy Pg 108-109

What is an energy transformation?

• In a flashlight, chemical energy (battery) is transformed into electrical energy.

• The electrical energy is then transformed into light and thermal energy.

Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy Pg 108-109

Is energy conserved?

• A closed system is a group of objects that transfer energy only to one another. Energy is conserved in all closed systems.

• The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only change forms.

• All of the different forms of energy in a closed system always add up to the same total amount of energy.

Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy Pg 108-109

The law of conservations of energy states energy is not created not destroyed: it can only change forms. An energy transformation is a change from one form of energy to another.

17) Relate

Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy

Energy Transformations when you strike a match?

Pg 108-109

Energy Transformations when you bounce a ball?

______________________

Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy

Energy Transformations when you strike a match?

1) Striking the match transforms mechanical energy to thermal energy & sound energy.

2) Thermal Energy causes particles to release chemical energy.

3) Chemical energy is transformed to thermal and electromagnetic energy.

Pg 108-109

Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy

Energy Transformations when you bounce a ball?1) As the ball falls, gravitational potential energy is transformed to kinetic energy.

2) While the ball is in contact with the floor, kinetic energy transforms into elastic potential energy and then back to kinetic energy.

3) As the ball travels upward, kinetic energy is transformed to potential energy.

4) The ball does not return to original height because some K.E. is transformed to Thermal energy or Sound during a bounce.

Pg 108-109

Thermal and Sound Energy

Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy

Space Weather and Technology

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• Space weather includes any activity happening in space that might affect Earth’s environment.

• Space weather can damage satellites and interrupt phone signals and signals to Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers.

• Auroras are caused by electrically charged particles of solar winds hitting Earth’s magnetic field. They can interrupt airplane communications.

Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy

Space Weather and Technology pg 107

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

13) Identify: what type of energy is monitored by scientists forecasting future space weather? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

14) Infer: Why is space weather a bigger concern now than it was in the past? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

15) Research: How do scientists forecast space weather? Why? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy

Space Weather and Technology pg 107

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

13) Identify: what type of energy is monitored by scientists forecasting future space weather? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

14) Infer: Why is space weather a bigger concern now than it was in the past? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

15) Research: How do scientists forecast space weather? Why? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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