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UNIT 2 PART 3The Birth of a New Nation
Warm-up – Translate this paragraph “Prudence, indeed, will dictate that
Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shown, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such government,…….”
Thomas Jefferson, The Declaration of Independence
The French and Indian War (1754-1763) England and France
go to war over colonial territories
The Navigation Acts – laws that gave England control of colonial trade
British Victory in French and Indian War Britain (England) wins but is heavily in debt. Expect the colonies to help pay cost
The Albany Plan of Union (1754) Plan proposed by
Ben Franklin for the colonies to unite for mutual defense
Rejected but shows that the colonies are considering unifying.
Proclamation of 1763 No settlements
beyond the Appalachian Mtns.
Prevents conflict w/ Native Americans but enrages farmers who wish to have more land.
Stamp Act (1765) British tax on
newspapers and legal documents
First tax on colonies by Parliament
“No taxation without representation” – becomes slogan of revolution
Boycott - Colonists refuse to buy British products
Stamp Act Congress (1765) Meeting of
representatives from each colony in New York to protest actions of King
Stamp Act is repealed because of boycotts
Declaratory Act (1767) Parliament ‘declares’
it has the right to make decisions for and tax the colonies “in all cases”
Townshend Acts (1766)
Set of laws that further restricted colonial rights
Writs of Assistance general warrants to search any property at any time,
The Boston Massacre (March 5, 1770) British soldiers shoot into angry crowd
and kill 5 colonists Became propaganda for those who
wanted revolution
The Tea Act (1773)
Made British East India Tea exempt from taxes and cheaper than colonial tea.
Gives British a business advantage.
The Boston Tea Party (1773)
Colonists dump English tea into Boston Harbor to protest tea act.
The Coercive/Intolerable Acts(1774) Took away colonists
civil rights, including trial by jury
The First Continental Congress (1774) 12 Colonies send
delegates (representatives) to Philadelphia to address concerns.
Send request to king demanding rights be restored
The Battles of Lexington and Concord (April 1775) British soldiers and
colonists fight first battles of Revolution.
“The shot heard round the world” – influenced independence movements around the world
The 2nd Continental Congress(1775-1776) Delegates returned to Philadelphia to
determine next step Eventually decide to fight for
independence
The Declaration of Independence
July 4, 1776 Document declaring
the colonies free from British control
Who wrote Common Sense and what was its purpose? Thomas Paine Purpose was to
encourage revolution
Who wrote the Declaration of Independence Thomas Jefferson
Two Purposes of Declaration
Declare independence
State the reasons why
John Locke’s Influence on Declaration of Independence All men equal All men entitled to
rights Government power
comes from the people
Right to abolish an oppressive government
John Locke’s Social Contract Government is
created to secure rights of people and when it fails to do this the people have the right to abolish it.