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Conditional Phrases (if/then statements)
• Raise your eyebrows during the if/conditional part of the sentence, then use a declarative nod for the “then” part of the sentence.
Example:
____________cond _________nod
TOMORROW RAIN? GAME CANCEL.
LESS-THAN
• This sign is related to “limits”.
• This sign means below the limit, under a certain number, less than specified amount.
LIMIT
• This sign is related to “limits.”
• This sign means limited to, restricted to, no more than, the maximum number, not exceeding.
Symbol: Red Traffic Light
__________________________cond _____
RED LIGHT ECL: flat 0 -> 5 “light on” MEAN
_______nod
MUST STOP.
Symbol: Double Yellow Lines on Road
____________________cond
YELLOW LCL:V “double lines” MEAN
FORBID (2h)SCL:3 “car passing another,”
____neg
#OR SCL:3 “car making U-turn.” FORBID
Sign: Pedestrian Crossing Sign
_________________________________
YELLOW (2h)DCL:1 “diamond” PERSON
_____________________cond
SCL:V “person on sign walking” MEAN
PEOPLE GO-ACROSS, MUST REDUCE
SCL:3 “speed” LOOK-AT “both sides of
street” CAREFULLY
What are some other rules/symbols of the road?
• Come up with one rule by yourself gloss it and be prepared to share it with the class.– You have 5 minutes
• Driving Rules: signs and symbols– Identify the sign or symbol on the road– Explain what it means
Near a school, the speed limit is 25 mph while children are outside
crossing the street.____________________________
SUPPOSE DRIVE “area” SCHOOL,
__________cond
CHILDREN PLAY, MUST DRIVE 25 #MPH
LESS-THAN.
The speed limit is 15 mph when you come within 100 feet of a railroad crossing and you cannot see
the tracks for 400 feet in both directions.____________________________________SUPPOSE YOU DRIVE APPRAOCH TRAIN______________________________________(2h)DCL:2 “railroad tracks,” APPROACH 100_____________________________________fs-FEET IX-dir “from here to railroad crossing,”_______________________________________CAN’T SEE TRAIN 400 fs-FEET IX-dir “to left or _condright,” MUST REDUCE 15 #MPH
On some highways, the maximum speed limit is 70 mph. Driving over
70 mph can result in a citation._______________________________t
HERE CALIFORNIA FREEWAY SPEED,
______cond
LIMIT 70 #MPH OVER-LIMIT, !GET-
_nod
TICKET! CAN.
What are some other driving rules regarding speed limits?
• Come up with one rule by yourself gloss it and be prepared to share it with the class.– You have 5 minutes
• Driving Rules: Speed Limits– Describe the situation– Explain what the speed limit is
Right-of-Way
In the right-of-way rule we use a rhetorical
question to introduce the law or rule.
Driving rules: Right-of-Way
1. Describe situation
2. Pose a rhetorical question- “who has the right-of-way?”
3. Explain who
Yield to the car on your right if it has reached the intersection at the same time as your car.
______________________________________SUPPOSE INTERSECTION, 2 CAR, (2h)SCL:3 ______________________________________“two cars approaching intersection at same time” ______cond ___________________________TIME+SAME, WHO SHOULD FIRST SCL:3 “car ______________________________________on right move forward,” SCL:3 “car center move ___rhq _______________________________forward, RIGHT-HAND SCL:3 “car on right move ________nodforward” FIRST.
What are some other right-of-way rules?
• Come up with one rule by yourself gloss it and be prepared to share it with the class.
– You have 5 minutes
Driving Rules: Right-of-Way
1. Describe the situation
2. Pose a rhetorical question- “Who has the right-of-way?”
3. Explain who
Drivers and passengers must wear a safety belt while the car is
moving.______cond
YOU DRIVE, MUST DCL:C “seatbelt.”
No one may ride in the load space of a truck unless the vehicle is equipped with, and the
person uses, a restraint system.
________________________________
YOU DRIVE fs-TRUCK, PEOPLE PCL:4
___________________________cond
“group of people get in vehicle” BACK,
___nod
FORBID.
Other Safety rules
• Come up with one rule by yourself gloss it and be prepared to share it with the class.
– You have 5 minutes
Driving Rules: Personal Safety1. Describe situation2. Explain what you should or should not
do.
Homework
• Driving Rules– Page 54
• Translate and gloss the rules listed in Exercise 1.• Use the driving rules sequence
Cultural Rules and Customs
• When translating rules written in English, we use certain vocabulary and word order.
Rules
• Talking is not allowed in class
• Quiet after 11:00 P.M.
• No running around the pool
• Passengers are to check in at the gate 20 minutes before departure.
What words tell you that these are rules or policies?
• Talking is not allowed in class
• Quiet after 11:00 P.M.
• No running around the pool
• Passengers are to check in at the gate 20 minutes before departure.
Quiet after 11:00 p.m.
___________________________________
AFTER TIME+11, TOO-MUCH NOISE-cont,
_____________________cond ____neg
RUN-AROUND++, (2h)alt. YELL, “wave-no.”
Passengers are to check in at the gate 20 minutes before departure
____________cond
PLANE GET-ON++, BETTER 20 MINUTE
BEFORE-EVENT, GO-TO fs-GATE,
INFORM.
Use these signs to tell a person what s/he SHOULD do.
Authoritative--------------------------Diplomatic
SHOULD BETTERUsed if you don’t used if you
have any other choice have other choices
Use these signs to tell a person what s/he should not do
Authoritative l-----------l-----------l----------lDiplomatic
FORBID DON’T NOT+PERMIT “wave no”
Situations Requiring Immediate Response
• You need to adapt rules in situations requiring immediate response
• You should make your signs brief and abrupt with a firm expression reflecting urgency or frustration.
Quiet after 11:00 pm
________________
TIME+11:30 NOW. “shhh” NOISE-cont.
______________firm
!FINISH! “take it easy.”
Passengers are to check in at gate 20 minutes before departure.
___________
20 MINUTES LEFT-OVER. (2h)alt. SILLY,
___________________________urgent
BETTER HURRY GO-TO INFORM NOW.
Role-Play
• Pair up!– Pick a rule and develop a role-play situation. – Signer A: act careless or indifferent– Signer B: state the rule with anger, frustration,
or urgency.
Cultural Rules and Customs
• When we discuss cultural rules or customs, we often find it useful to compare/contrast other cultures with our own culture.
Cultural Rules/Customs
1. Describe situation
2. Explain the rule or custom
3. Contrast with another more familiar culture.
Holding hands (United States and Japan)
____________tHERE AMERICA, MAN, WOMAN OUTSIDE
WALK, BCL:cupped c “hold hands” FINE++. _______________tIX-loc “there” JAPAN BCL:cupped c “hold
hands” “wave-no” !WRONG!
Eye contact (China and United States)________________________________IX-loc “there” CHINA, PERSON OLDER _when ____________________________TALK, CHILDREN <rs:children [(wh)adult-________________________conditionLOOK-AT-child/child-LOOK-AT-adult]> ________negNOT+POLITE. MUST <rs:children [(wh)adult-LOOK-AT- _____________tchild/child-LOOK-AT-down], RESPECT> HERE AMERICA,CHILDREN <rs:children [(wh)adult-LOOK-AT-child/childLOOK-AT-adult]>, FINE++
Burping after dinner (Arab countries and United States)
___________________________t ____IX-loc “there” fs-ARAB COUNTRY, EAT __when ____nodFINISH, BURP SHOULD, MEAN FOOD _____________t ____!DELICIOUS! HERE AMERICA, EAT __when ________________negFINISH, BURP “wave-no” NOT+POLITE.
Typical Work Day Schedule (US vs. Spain)
__________tIX-loc SPAIN, PEOPLE TEND-TO WORK ALL-MORNINGSTOP TIME+12, GO-OUT HOME STAY 3-HOUR, EAT, _whenREST. FINISH, #BACK WORK TIME+4, ALL-EVENING. ____________tHERE AMERICA PEOPLE TEND-TO GO-TO WORK __whenTIME+8, WORK ALL-DAY. FINISH, GO-OUT HOME.
Saying Goodbyes (Deaf and Hearing)
DEAF PEOPLE TEND-TO SAY-GOODBYE
EXAGGERATE SAY-GOODBYE++, ½
HOUR-to-1 HOUR, PAH! LEAVE.
PARALLEL-TO HEARING PEOPLE TEND-
TO SAY-GOODBYE, LEAVE FINISH.