Unit 3: Problem Solvingsocial.ocr.org.uk/files/ocr/Unit 3 Project Booklet 2010.pdf · Please refer...

Chesterfield High School

Unit 3

OCR Nationals Level 3 Unit 3: Problem Solving

OCR Level 3: Unit 3 – Problem Solving

Learning Outcomes

By completing this unit candidates will develop a thorough knowledge and understanding of techniques available for the analysis and presentation of numerical data. Candidates will produce evidence to meet the unit assessment objectives in order to show that they understand how to: • define a statistical problem to be investigated • design and carry out a data collection activity • collect data and use spreadsheet software to store the data • use spreadsheet software for data analysis • create suitable graphs/charts

• present the results of the study.

In order to achieve this unit, candidates must produce a portfolio of evidence showing that they have met all of the assessment objectives.

Portfolios of work must be produced independently. They will need to be made available, together with witness statements and any other supporting documentation, to the OCR Visiting Moderator when required.

Unit Points

OCR Grade OCR Points A-Level Equivalent

Distinction 3 A

Merit 2 C

Pass 1 E

Each individual unit that is completed contributes to your overall grade for the course. Please refer to the Course Information Booklet to see how many OCR Points you require to gain the necessary A-Level equivalent or UCAS points tariff.


Unit Structure

Unit 3: Structure

22nd February 2010 Unit 3 Scheme of Work (8 weeks/20 lessons)

hypothesis

research methods

data collection methods

using samples

spreadsheet tools

5th May 2010 Assignment information released. There are 8 weeks/22 lessons allocated to complete this

assignment.

11th June 2010 Task 1 Submission Deadline

Please upload your document to your e-portfolio so that it can be reviewed.

9th July 2010 Assignment Submission Deadline

14th July 2010 Unit marking and moderation by teachers.

21st July 2010 Unit marks released.


General Information

Q Do I have to pass this assignment?

A Yes. You must pass this assignment to achieve the full qualification.

Q What help will I get?

A Your tutor will help you when completing the OCR model assignment and will make sure that you know what resources/facilities you need and are allowed to use.

Q What if I don’t understand something?

A It is your responsibility to read the assignment carefully and make sure you understand what you need to do and what you should hand in. If you are not sure, check with your tutor.

Q Can I copy other people’s work?

A No. The work that you produce must be your own work and you may be asked to sign a declaration to say that the work is your own. You should never copy the work of other candidates or allow others to copy your work. Any information that you use from other sources, e.g. books, newspapers, professional journals, the Internet, must be clearly identified and not presented as your own work.

Q How should I present my work?

A You can present your work in a variety of ways, e.g. hand-written, word-processed, on video. However, what you choose should be appropriate to the task(s). For some work, e.g. presentations, coaching sessions, role-play, work experience, you will need to provide proof that you completed the task(s). A witness statement or observation sheet could be used for this. If you are unsure, check with your tutor.

Q When I have finished, what do I need to hand in?

A You need to hand in the work that you have completed for each task. Do not include any draft work or handouts unless these are asked for. When you hand in your work make sure that it is labelled, titled and in the correct order for assessing.

Q How will my work be assessed?

A Your work will be marked by an assessor in your centre. The assessor will mark the work using the assessment objectives and the grade descriptors in the qualification specification.


Scenario Sainsbury’s: The new face of Crosby? SUPERMARKET giant Sainsbury’s will create 150 new jobs over the next two years as part of its expansion plans says chief executive Justin King. The group is spending £2bn on expansion in the two years to 2011 to grow space by 15%, including ambitious plans for its Crosby store.

A public consultation was recently held over the store group’s plans and a planning application is expected to be submitted before the end of this year. The new facility would more than double existing retail space in the Crosby Village outlet and add another 150 jobs to the 240-strong workforce.

Sainsbury’s proposals include:

50,000 sq ft Sainsbury’s store with 419 store parking spaces underneath the store and on Allengate

150 additional full and part-time jobs for local people

A new customer restaurant

209 car parking spaces in a multi-storey car park off Church Road for town centre shoppers

A goods online facility for home deliveries

11 new retail units as part of the development, including conversion of the current site to new retail opportunities

Jo Try, regional development executive for Sainsbury’s, said: “The views of the local community are very important and I would encourage people to get involved and have their say on these exciting proposals throughout the consultation and planning process.”

Work on the supermarket, which would be built in Moor Lane, is due to start in 2010 and the aim is to open the supermarket in 2011.

Evidence When submitting your work it must be uploaded with a specific filename using the following convention. L3_Unit#_Surname_Initial example L3_Unit3_Smith_A

Deadline

9TH July 2010


Task 1: Define a statistical problem to be investigated Assessment Objective 1

In this task you should carry out your own initial investigations and set your own hypotheses. You should use sources such as the World Wide Web to find out some of the main issues and set yourself hypotheses, for example ‘Sainsbury’s will drive out small retail shops in Crosby’ or ‘People will spend more money in other shops in Crosby after visiting Sainsbury’s’. For Merit and Distinction you should set more complex hypotheses, which consider whether other factors, eg the opening of new retail outlets will affect the sales, which will require more complex analysis. At higher levels you should come up with more than one hypothesis.

Assessment Objective

Pass Merit Distinction

AO1 Define a statistical problem to be investigated

Candidates will describe the background to the problem. They will set a simple hypothesis and list some criteria to be used to test it. They will identify some of the data that needs to be collected and briefly explain how it will be processed. They will demonstrate an understanding of Data Protection legislation and give a brief explanation of how they will comply with this.

Candidates will clearly describe the background to the problem. They will set a complex hypothesis and clearly describe criteria that will be used to test it. They will identify the data that needs to be collected and explain how it will be processed. They will demonstrate an understanding of Data Protection legislation and explain how they will comply with this.

Candidates will explain thoroughly the background to the problem. They will set a complex hypothesis and clearly describe and justify the criteria that will be used to test it. They will identify the data that needs to be collected and explain clearly how it will be processed. They will demonstrate an understanding of Data Protection legislation and explain how they will comply with this.


For this task you must produce a project proposal, which should be in the form of a report. This should include the following sections of information: A You will need to collect information to the scenario and produce an explanation of the background to the problem. For example you might consider:

• what is included in the Sainsbury’s development and why they are developing • retail outlet ownership within Crosby • the demographic of Crosby and surrounding areas • the local community and how it will be affected • newspaper reports • town planning and council information

B Having completed your background research you should now set your hypothesis – a preliminary explanation that could account for some of the facts that you have discovered. This hypothesis should be supported or disproved after you have completed your study. You must make a list of the data you will need to collect in order to find out whether or not the hypothesis is true. You must also consider how you will process the data, once you have collected it, eg:

• what calculations will you need – max, min, average, median etc • how can your data be summarised in tables and how this can be achieved –

pivot tables, formulas etc • what graphs/charts would be useful – pie charts, bar charts, line graphs,

scatter charts, trend lines etc. C State what you will need to do to ensure you do not infringe current data protection legislation. You may need to carry out some research into the requirements. You need to consider, for example:

• any restrictions this places on the data you can collect and store • any requirements you need to meet about the way you collect and store the

data. • council and location requirements and legislation

To achieve the higher levels, your hypothesis needs to be complex, suggesting how factors such as building development, consumer spending, economic issues, tourism events etc might affect the result. The level of detail you include in your report, and the explanations you give for your decisions, will also be determining factors in the level you are awarded for this Assessment Objective. (Evidence will be word-processed)


Task 2: Design and carry out a data collection activity Assessment Objective 2

In this task, design and implement a data collection strategy. Your strategies will ensure that appropriate data is collected and is stored in a way that will protect the anonymity of the data subjects. The evidence produced for this task must be your own work.

AO2 Design and carry out a data collection activity

Candidates will plan and carry out a data collection activity to gather some suitable data for their investigation. The plan will include a suitable sampling method. Candidates will list some of the constraints that could affect the reliability of their study. They will collect some useful data.

Candidates will plan and carry out a data collection activity to gather a range of suitable data for their investigation. The plan will include a suitable sampling method and size. Candidates will describe most of the constraints that could affect the reliability of their study and identify some areas of potential error in their sampling regime. They will collect the data identified.

Candidates will plan and carry out a data collection activity to gather the data that is necessary for their investigation. They will make appropriate use of research and data collection methods. The plan will include a suitable sampling method and size, and frequency/interval if appropriate, with justification of choices. Candidates will describe the constraints that could affect the reliability of their study and identify areas of potential error in their sampling regime. They will explain the steps they have taken to eliminate bias from their study. They will collect the data identified.




Having produced your preliminary report for Task 1 you now need to plan how you will collect your data and how you will store your results. You then need to collect the data to be analysed. A Devise a study that will ensure that you collect a wide range of suitable data from a statistically significant sample. You will need to explain:

• which data collection method(s) you are going to use • the sampling method and size

To achieve Pass level you must choose a suitable sampling method. To achieve Merit level you must also choose a suitable sample size. To achieve Distinction level you must also justify the sampling method and sample size chosen. (Evidence should be word-processed) B Create any necessary data collection forms/questionnaires etc and collect the data from your chosen sample. Make sure that your data collection activity will not infringe any data protection legislation. (Evidence will be completed questionnaires, lists of questions or other documentation showing what you have done to collect your data.) C Identify any potential constraints that could affect the reliability of your study. To achieve the higher levels, you will also need to identify potential errors in your sampling regime. To achieve Distinction level, you will also need to explain the steps taken to eliminate bias from your study. (Evidence should be word-processed)


Task 3: Collect data and store it using a spreadsheet Assessment Objective 3

In this task you are required to create a spreadsheet and enter and store the collected data. You will need to ensure that the inputs to the spreadsheet match the collected data. You will need to consider how the data is going to be input and this will largely determine the type of interface designed. Where data is to be entered manually into the spreadsheet, an effective interface, required at the higher levels, would be a form, with macros to insert the data into the main sheet(s) and to reset the form. The layout of this form and other features such as drop-down boxes will determine how easy to use it is. Consideration will also need to be given to how the data is going to be protected from unauthorised access, alteration and loss. This should include a range of worksheet/workbook protection as well as file security options (eg protection against opening and editing). Validation and password/cell protection can be evidenced from the electronic file but you should make clear where such features have been used. If hard copy evidence is relied upon screenshots must be produced to show the measures taken. The evidence produced for this task must be your own work.

AO3 Collect data and store it using a spreadsheet

Candidates will create a simple interface for entering data into a spreadsheet. They will include at least one suitable validation routine to limit data entry errors. They will store some useful data.

Candidates will create an effective interface for entering data relevant to their research into a spreadsheet. They will include suitable validation routines to limit data entry errors for most items of data where this is appropriate. They will store the data collected and take at least one measure to ensure its security. They will demonstrate an understanding of the need for security measures.

Candidates will create an effective and easy-to-use interface for entering data relevant to their research into a spreadsheet. They will use a range of effective validation methods to minimise data entry errors wherever possible. They will store the data collected and protect it from unauthorised access and from accidental and deliberate change and loss. They will demonstrate a thorough understanding of the need for security and the range of measures that are needed.




In this task you will create a spreadsheet to store the data you have collected and enter the data. To achieve Pass level in this Assessment Objective you need to complete parts A, C and D of this task. To achieve the higher levels you also need to complete parts B and E. (Evidence for parts A to D of this task is most likely to be provided by the electronic file of the final spreadsheet.) A Set up one or more sheets in spreadsheet software, suitable for storing the data you have collected. Think carefully about the most suitable data types for each item of data. B Create a form that will allow you to enter data into your sheet. You may need to create macro(s) to enter each record into the sheet from the form, and to reset the form after each record. Ensure the form is as clearly laid-out and easy to use as possible. C Add suitable validation method(s) to minimise the possibility of data entry errors. You should also consider any methods you could use to make data entry as quick and easy as possible. D Enter the data you have collected into your spreadsheet. If you find any errors in your form and/or validation, as you enter the data, you should make any improvements that are necessary. E Consider what steps you can take to ensure your data is protected from both accidental and deliberate change and loss. Carry out any further security measures that are necessary to protect your data. Explain the steps you have taken and the reasons for them. (Evidence should be word-processed including screenshots)


Task 4: Create a suitable spreadsheet to analyse the data Assessment Objective 4

In this task you must create and use a spreadsheet to analyse their results. You should provide, as a minimum, evidence that you have tested the formulas in your spreadsheets by using test data that makes the results easy to check, by estimating the results and checking that the actual results are of the same order as the estimate or by using manual calculations or a calculator to work out what the result should be. Higher level candidates should provide a detailed test specification which tests all aspects of the spreadsheet, including input of data, validation and functions used. The evidence produced for this task must be your own work.

AO4 Create a suitable spreadsheet to analyse the data

Candidates create a structure to analyse and present the results of their study. They will apply appropriate titles, labels and formatting to display most information clearly. They will use appropriate functions to analyse some of the data, providing some useful data relevant to the hypothesis. They will carry out at least one test of their spreadsheet and use the results to make changes, if appropriate.

Candidates create an effective structure to analyse and present the results of their study. They will apply appropriate titles, labels and formatting to display most information clearly. They will use appropriate functions to analyse the data, providing a range of useful data relevant to the hypothesis. They will devise a test plan and use it to ensure that the spreadsheet works effectively.

Candidates create an effective and efficient structure to analyse and present the results of their study. They will apply appropriate titles, labels and formatting to display all information clearly. They will use appropriate functions to carry out a thorough analysis of the data, providing a range of useful data relevant to the hypothesis. They will devise a comprehensive test plan and use it to ensure that the spreadsheet works effectively.




Having collected your data and entered it into your spreadsheet you must now use spreadsheet software to analyse it, in order to provide information that you can use to prove or disprove your hypothesis. (Evidence for parts A and B of this task is most likely to be provided by the electronic file of the final spreadsheet. Additional evidence of the analysis you carry out will be provided in Task 6.) A Consider how your data can be summarised and analysed. Add any necessary formulas to your spreadsheet, making sure you use the most effective and efficient formulas. If you have planned to add any pivot tables you should create these now. The thoroughness of your analysis will be a determining factor in the grade you are awarded in this Assessment Objective. B Organise and format your data and results to present the information as clearly as possible. You might also add automated facilities to speed up routine tasks like printing, or moving between sheets, in order to make your spreadsheet as efficient as possible. The effectiveness and efficiency of the way your data is presented will be a determining factor in the grade you are awarded in this Assessment Objective. C Create a test plan and use this to test your spreadsheet as thoroughly as possible. Make sure that any improvements that prove to be necessary are made, to make sure your final spreadsheet is as effective and efficient as possible, producing useful and accurate data to help you prove or disprove your hypothesis. To achieve Pass level you must carry out at least one test and make any necessary changes. To achieve Merit level you must devise a test plan and use it to ensure your spreadsheet works effectively. To achieve Distinction level your test plan must be comprehensive, covering all aspects of your solution. (Evidence for this part of the task is your completed test plan, supported by the electronic file of your final spreadsheet.)


Task 5: Create suitable graphs/charts Assessment Objective 5

In this task you are required to produce charts/graphs that provide some useful information relevant to the hypothesis. You must produce charts that display the data effectively, with consideration to the different requirements of discrete and continuous data. At higher levels candidates are required to demonstrate their understanding of why their choices of chart/graph types are appropriate. There is a requirement at Distinction level to create three different types of chart, but these also must be appropriate and relevant. If a candidate decides that by using the most appropriate types of chart for the data they have collected they will use less than this, they might provide further evidence of creating different types of charts, with explanations of why these were eventually rejected.

AO5 Create suitable graphs/charts

Candidates will create at least one graph/chart that is relevant to their hypothesis and appropriate for the data being presented. They will use some formatting and labelling features to improve the presentation of their chart(s).

Candidates will create at least two different types of graphs/charts that are relevant to their hypothesis and appropriate for the data being presented. The choice of chart types will be briefly explained. They will use appropriate formatting and labelling features to improve the presentation of their charts.

Candidates will create at least three different types of graphs/charts that are significant to their hypothesis. The choice of chart types will be appropriate and fully explained. They will use appropriate formatting and labelling features to display the data effectively.




In this task you will use your spreadsheet software to create a range of charts/graphs which display the results of your research and analysis. You will use these charts/graphs when you present your findings in Task 6. To achieve Pass level you need to complete part A. To achieve the higher levels you also need to complete part B A Create any charts/graphs that will display useful results in a helpful way. For each chart you should consider:

• what sort of chart/graph will display the data in the most helpful way. • any labelling that will be necessary to ensure the chart/graph displays the

data as clearly as possible. To achieve Pass level you must create at least one relevant and appropriate chart/graph. To achieve Merit level you must create at least two relevant and appropriate charts/graphs. To achieve Distinction level you must create at least three relevant and appropriate charts/graphs. The effectiveness of the charts/graphs and the contribution they make to your data analysis will also be determining factors in the level awarded for this Assessment Objective. (Evidence for this part of the task is the electronic file of the spreadsheet and the presentation you create in Task 6.) B Explain why you chose the charts/graphs you have produced and why you chose each particular chart type. The clarity and detail of your explanations will also be determining factors in the level awarded for this Assessment Objective. (Evidence should be word-processed)


Task 6: Present findings to an audience Assessment Objective 6

In this task you must prepare a presentation of your findings to an audience.

AO6 Present findings to an audience

Candidates will create a straightforward presentation about the findings of their data analysis. This will address their hypothesis and include at least one table of data and at least one graph/chart. They will state, with at least one reason, whether the analysis has supported or disproved the hypothesis.

Candidates will create a detailed presentation about the findings of their data analysis. This will address their hypothesis and include a range of tables and graphs/charts, formatted and presented effectively. They will explain whether the analysis has supported or disproved the hypothesis. The presentation will be mostly appropriate for the audience and purpose.

Candidates will create a comprehensive presentation about the findings of their data analysis. This will address their hypothesis and include a range of tables and graphs/charts, formatted and presented effectively. The presentation will be of near professional standard. Candidates will explain the extent to which the analysis has supported or disproved the hypothesis. The presentation will be appropriate for the audience and purpose. They will evaluate the effectiveness of the spreadsheet model.




In this task you will prepare a video presentation to present your findings. To achieve Pass or Merit level you need to complete parts A, and B of this task. To achieve Distinction level you also need to complete part C. A Prepare the outline of the information you need to present. You should include:

• the initial problem • your hypothesis • a summary of your results • your conclusion – the extent to which your analysis has supported or

disproved your • hypothesis, with reasons

(No evidence is required at this point. You should make rough notes, which will be used in part B.) B Prepare your video presentation. This should be a talk, illustrated using presentation software. You should include appropriate tables and charts/graphs to show the key findings from your study. You should aim to present the information as effectively and professionally as possible. To achieve Pass level your presentation should cover all points from part A and include at least one table of data and at least one graph/chart. To achieve Merit level your presentation needs to be detailed and include a range of tables and graphs/charts, formatted and presented effectively. You must explain clearly whether your analysis has supported or disproved your hypothesis. To achieve Distinction level your presentation must give comprehensive details of your study and results and you must explain clearly the extent to which your analysis has supported or disproved your hypothesis. The presentation needs to be of near professional quality. (Evidence for this part of the task is likely to be the electronic file of your presentation and video) C Evaluate the effectiveness of the spreadsheet model you created and used. (Evidence should be word-processed)


Candidate Checklist

For Task 1 (AO1) have you: Page no(s)

A collected background information

B set hypothesis

C knowledge of data protection laws

D set project proposals

For Task 2 (AO2) have you:

A(i) chosen a data collection method

A(ii)chosen a sampling method

A(iii) chosen a sample size

B created necessary data collection forms

C(i) identify potential constraints

C(ii) identify possible errors in sample


A set up your spreadsheet

B created a data entry form

C used validation methods

D entered data into the spreadsheet

E protected data in your spreadsheet


A analysed your data

B organised and formatted your data

C created a test plan


A created graphs/charts

B explanation of use of each chart


A prepared information needed

B prepared and produced your presentation

C Evaluated effectiveness of your spreadsheet

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Unit 3: Problem Solvingsocial.ocr.org.uk/files/ocr/Unit 3 Project Booklet 2010.pdf · Please refer...

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