Unit 4 AfricaUnit 4 Africa

Africa is the second-largest of the Africa is the second-largest of the seven continents on Earth (Asia seven continents on Earth (Asia

is the largest continent). is the largest continent).

Africa is bound by the Atlantic Africa is bound by the Atlantic Ocean on the west, the Indian Ocean on the west, the Indian

Ocean on the east, the Ocean on the east, the Mediterranean Sea on the north, Mediterranean Sea on the north, and the Red Sea on the northeast.and the Red Sea on the northeast.

Africa covers 11,700,000 square Africa covers 11,700,000 square miles (30,300,000 square miles (30,300,000 square

kilometers). kilometers).

Countries: There are about 53 Countries: There are about 53 countries in Africa (some countries in Africa (some countries are disputed). countries are disputed).

The largest country in Africa is The largest country in Africa is Sudan, which covers 967,500 Sudan, which covers 967,500

square miles (2,505,816 square square miles (2,505,816 square kilometers).kilometers).

The countries with the largest The countries with the largest populations in Africa are Nigeria populations in Africa are Nigeria

(107,000,000 people), Egypt (107,000,000 people), Egypt (64,800,000 people), and Ethiopia (64,800,000 people), and Ethiopia

(58,700,000 people).(58,700,000 people).

Highest Point: The tallest point Highest Point: The tallest point in Africa is Mt. Kilimanjaro, in in Africa is Mt. Kilimanjaro, in Tanzania (eastern Africa). Mt. Tanzania (eastern Africa). Mt.

Kilimanjaro is 19,340 feet (5895 Kilimanjaro is 19,340 feet (5895 meters) tall. meters) tall.

Africa has no long mountain Africa has no long mountain chains. chains.

Lowest point :Lowest point :The lowest point in Africa is The lowest point in Africa is Lake Assal, in Djibouti (in Lake Assal, in Djibouti (in

eastern Africa near the Horn of eastern Africa near the Horn of Africa); it is 512 feet (156 meters) Africa); it is 512 feet (156 meters)

below sea level.below sea level.

Lakes: Africa's largest lake is Lakes: Africa's largest lake is Lake Victoria; it covers 26,836 Lake Victoria; it covers 26,836

square miles (69,500 square square miles (69,500 square kilometers). Other large lakes in kilometers). Other large lakes in

Africa are Lake Tanganyika, Africa are Lake Tanganyika, Lake Malawi, and Lake Chad. Lake Malawi, and Lake Chad.

Rivers: The longest river in Rivers: The longest river in Africa is the Nile River; it is Africa is the Nile River; it is 4,241 miles (6825 kilometers) 4,241 miles (6825 kilometers)

long. Other long rivers in Africa long. Other long rivers in Africa include the Congo River, the include the Congo River, the Niger River and the Zambezi Niger River and the Zambezi

River. River.

Deserts: Africa has many vast Deserts: Africa has many vast deserts, including the largest hot deserts, including the largest hot desert in the world, the Sahara. desert in the world, the Sahara.

The Sahara Desert is located in The Sahara Desert is located in northern Africa and covers northern Africa and covers

3,500,000 square miles (9,065,000 3,500,000 square miles (9,065,000 square kilometers).square kilometers).

The Kalahari desert, in southern The Kalahari desert, in southern Africa, is another large desert.Africa, is another large desert.

Islands: The largest island off Islands: The largest island off Africa is Madagascar, which is Africa is Madagascar, which is

near the coast of southeast near the coast of southeast Africa. Equatorial Guinea (off Africa. Equatorial Guinea (off

the coast of Cameroon), and Sao the coast of Cameroon), and Sao Tome (southwest of Equatorial Tome (southwest of Equatorial

Guinea). Guinea).

Madagascar covers 226,658 Madagascar covers 226,658 square miles (587,000 square square miles (587,000 square

kilometers).kilometers).

North AfricaNorth Africa

Five ( 5 ) countries make up Five ( 5 ) countries make up North Africa :North Africa :

Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, and EgyptTunisia, and Egypt

Architecture is a contemporary Architecture is a contemporary expression of culture that is expression of culture that is

influenced by the past.influenced by the past.

As a result of the Muslim As a result of the Muslim conquest during Middle ages, all conquest during Middle ages, all of the countries in North Africa of the countries in North Africa

are Islamic.are Islamic.

Most of the population of the Most of the population of the North African region are near North African region are near

water. Mainly near the water. Mainly near the Mediterranean Sea.Mediterranean Sea.

The climate in North Africa plays The climate in North Africa plays a very important role. The a very important role. The

climate makes this region ( North climate makes this region ( North Africa ) a place where people Africa ) a place where people

want to live.want to live.

Most North African countries are Most North African countries are considered to be developing considered to be developing

countries. Developing countries countries. Developing countries are countries that are becoming are countries that are becoming

more and more modernized.more and more modernized.

North Africa has several limited North Africa has several limited natural resources such as oil, natural resources such as oil,

phosphate rock, and natural gas.phosphate rock, and natural gas.

The North African region is The North African region is similar to the Middle East in similar to the Middle East in

many ways. The most common many ways. The most common characteristic would be the characteristic would be the

Muslim faith. Muslim faith.

Europe and Southwest Asia have Europe and Southwest Asia have both had a big influence in the both had a big influence in the cultural development of North cultural development of North

Africa.Africa.

Other cultures in North Africa Other cultures in North Africa are : Berber, Nomadic, and are : Berber, Nomadic, and

Arabic.Arabic.

North Africa has a rich heritage North Africa has a rich heritage and artistic expression. Some and artistic expression. Some examples of artistic expression examples of artistic expression

would be : designs in glassware, would be : designs in glassware, mosques with beautiful domes, mosques with beautiful domes,

and painted and dyed cloth.and painted and dyed cloth.

Alexander brought Greek culture Alexander brought Greek culture to Egypt.to Egypt.

Most of Egypt’s population is Most of Egypt’s population is located in a narrow band that located in a narrow band that

runs from north to south runs from north to south because people migrate toward because people migrate toward

water. They migrate toward the water. They migrate toward the Nile river, which is the longest Nile river, which is the longest

river in the world.river in the world.

Today Egypt is ruled by a Today Egypt is ruled by a president. In the past ancient president. In the past ancient

Egypt was ruled by a pharoah. Egypt was ruled by a pharoah.

All of the countries in North All of the countries in North Africa are a republic, except Africa are a republic, except

Libya and Morocco. Libya has a Libya and Morocco. Libya has a dictatorship. Morocco has a dictatorship. Morocco has a

constitutional monarchy.constitutional monarchy.