Unit 4Unit 4TechnologTechnology, Western y, Western Migration Migration and Indian and Indian Removal:Removal:

1790-18401790-1840

Essential QuestionEssential Question

What major factors influenced the What major factors influenced the growth of Georgia from 1790 to growth of Georgia from 1790 to 1840? 1840?

Role of technologyRole of technology Growth of population and land policiesGrowth of population and land policies Education and religionEducation and religion

Part 1: Technology and MigrationPart 1: Technology and Migration

1. What two methods were used 1. What two methods were used by the state of Georgia to by the state of Georgia to distribute (allocate) land in the distribute (allocate) land in the early 19early 19thth century? century?

Economic Term: Economic Term: allocateallocate

Answer:Answer:

The The head-right systemhead-right system and the and the landland

lotterylottery..

QuestionQuestion

2. What were the goals 2. What were the goals of the land of the land policiespolicies pursued by Georgia pursued by Georgia during this time period?during this time period?

AnswerAnswer

Attract settlers by giving Attract settlers by giving away vast tracts of land.away vast tracts of land.

Indian removal (mostly Indian removal (mostly Creeks and Cherokees)Creeks and Cherokees)

Question:Question:

3. What was the impact of the3. What was the impact of the

Yazoo Land fraud? Yazoo Land fraud?

ororHow did Georgia’s western How did Georgia’s western boundary become the boundary become the Chattahoochee River?Chattahoochee River?

Yazoo Land Fraud MapYazoo Land Fraud Map

Answer:Answer: The state legislature lost the trust of The state legislature lost the trust of

the peoplethe people In 1802 Georgia ceded (gave up) its In 1802 Georgia ceded (gave up) its

western territories to the federal western territories to the federal government for 1.25 million dollars. government for 1.25 million dollars.

The Chattahoochee River became The Chattahoochee River became

the state’s western boundarythe state’s western boundary..

Describe the effects of the Describe the effects of the Louisiana PurchaseLouisiana Purchase

In 1803, President Thomas Jefferson In 1803, President Thomas Jefferson purchased the territory known as purchased the territory known as Louisiana from Napoleon Bonaparte Louisiana from Napoleon Bonaparte of France thus doubling the size of of France thus doubling the size of the country.the country.

Did introduce troubling issues such Did introduce troubling issues such as the status of slavery in the as the status of slavery in the territory.territory.

The Louisiana PurchaseThe Louisiana Purchase

QuestionQuestion

5. What does it 5. What does it mean to cede land? mean to cede land? (land cession)(land cession)

AnswerAnswer

To give away or sell land To give away or sell land (usually the land cession (usually the land cession is a result of force after is a result of force after some event such as some event such as compensation for a lost compensation for a lost war).war).

QuestionQuestion

6. Who invented the 6. Who invented the cotton gin and what cotton gin and what did it do?did it do?

How did it increase the How did it increase the need for labor?need for labor?

AnswerAnswer Eli Whitney (1793)Eli Whitney (1793) Removed the seeds from cottonRemoved the seeds from cotton Made growing cotton profitableMade growing cotton profitable Increased demand for labor to harvest Increased demand for labor to harvest

cottoncotton Labor need met with increased number Labor need met with increased number

of slaves (by 1860 almost ½ of of slaves (by 1860 almost ½ of population)population)

Economic terms: productivity, demandEconomic terms: productivity, demand

QuestionQuestion

7. Why was cotton 7. Why was cotton called “king” in the called “king” in the Antebellum South?Antebellum South?

AnswerAnswer

Because of progress or innovation in Because of progress or innovation in technology, such as the cotton gin technology, such as the cotton gin and steam power, the South soon and steam power, the South soon became the source for most of the became the source for most of the world’s cotton (textiles). world’s cotton (textiles).

The South sold cotton to an The South sold cotton to an increasingly industrial Northeast but, increasingly industrial Northeast but, its biggest customer was Britain.its biggest customer was Britain.

RailroadsRailroads

8. What effect did the 8. What effect did the new railroad new railroad technology have on technology have on Georgia’s economy Georgia’s economy and population?and population?

AnswerAnswer

Allowed for more efficient Allowed for more efficient transportation of goods and cash transportation of goods and cash crops (mostly cotton)crops (mostly cotton)

Encouraged settlement by Encouraged settlement by immigrantsimmigrants

Speeded up Indian removalSpeeded up Indian removal Increased demand for slave labor Increased demand for slave labor

QuestionQuestion

9. What year9. What year

was the University of was the University of Georgia founded? Georgia founded? What was special What was special about this? about this?

AnswerAnswer

17851785 It was the first land-grant university It was the first land-grant university

in the US (that means it was paid for in the US (that means it was paid for by the government with taxpayer by the government with taxpayer money which makes it the first public money which makes it the first public university).university).

Religion in GeorgiaReligion in Georgia

10. What were the two primary 10. What were the two primary religions in post-revolutionary Georgia? religions in post-revolutionary Georgia?

What role did circuit riders play inWhat role did circuit riders play in

the growth of religion in Georgia? the growth of religion in Georgia?

AnswerAnswer Religion strongly influenced Religion strongly influenced

Georgia’s growth – church Georgia’s growth – church membership increased – by the membership increased – by the 1830s, the majority were Baptist or 1830s, the majority were Baptist or Methodists (Protestants).Methodists (Protestants).

The Methodist church used circuit The Methodist church used circuit riders, ministers who would ride from riders, ministers who would ride from small town to small town and preach. small town to small town and preach.

Part 2: Part 2: Indian RemovalIndian Removal

Essential QuestionEssential Question

What major factors influenced the What major factors influenced the growth of Georgia from 1790 to growth of Georgia from 1790 to 1840?1840?

Indian Removal and Andrew JacksonIndian Removal and Andrew Jackson

QuestionQuestion

1.1. What was the Indian What was the Indian Removal Act and Removal Act and which president which president signed it into law?signed it into law?

AnswerAnswer

Became law in 1830 and Became law in 1830 and authorized the President to authorized the President to remove Indian tribes from the remove Indian tribes from the east to the west beyond the east to the west beyond the Mississippi River. Mississippi River.

The President was Andrew The President was Andrew Jackson (1828-1836).Jackson (1828-1836).

Andrew Jackson(Old Hickory)Andrew Jackson(Old Hickory)What US bill is he on?What US bill is he on?

What Indian Nation was removed during the Trail of Tears in 1838?

3.How did the Cherokees live?3.How did the Cherokees live?

Written language (syllabary)Written language (syllabary) Newspaper (Newspaper (The PhoenixThe Phoenix)) Government modeled on US constitutionGovernment modeled on US constitution Cherokee capital located at New Echota. Cherokee capital located at New Echota. Homes and implements (furniture, dishes Homes and implements (furniture, dishes

etc.)etc.) Farm economyFarm economy Some Cherokees owned slavesSome Cherokees owned slaves

4.Write your own title 4.Write your own title

4.Write a title4.Write a title

5.Worcester v. Georgia (1832)5.Worcester v. Georgia (1832)

Facts: White missionaries working in Facts: White missionaries working in the Cherokee nation sued the state in the Cherokee nation sued the state in federal court claiming Georgia had no federal court claiming Georgia had no legal authority in the Indian nation. legal authority in the Indian nation.

Supreme court agreed with plaintiffs Supreme court agreed with plaintiffs and ruled that there was in fact a and ruled that there was in fact a sovereign Cherokee nation.sovereign Cherokee nation.

President Jackson refused to enforce President Jackson refused to enforce the ruling of the court.the ruling of the court.

John MarshallJohn Marshall

6.Question:6.Question:

How did the Supreme Court How did the Supreme Court case Worcester v. Georgia case Worcester v. Georgia (1832) demonstrate the (1832) demonstrate the hopelessness or futility of the hopelessness or futility of the Indians position in Georgia?Indians position in Georgia?

Answer:Answer: The Cherokees won a decision in the The Cherokees won a decision in the

highest court in the land that said Georgia highest court in the land that said Georgia had no power in the Cherokee nation. had no power in the Cherokee nation.

They were removed anyway because the They were removed anyway because the President of the US refused to enforce the President of the US refused to enforce the decision (Andrew Jackson had signed the decision (Andrew Jackson had signed the Indian Removal Act in 1830). Indian Removal Act in 1830).

Demonstrates the power of the executive Demonstrates the power of the executive branch and the relative weakness of the branch and the relative weakness of the Indians as a minority.Indians as a minority.

7.Question:7.Question:

During the first Industrial During the first Industrial Revolution, what Revolution, what technologies transformed technologies transformed the American economy the American economy and what was their main and what was their main effect on Georgia?effect on Georgia?

Answer:Answer: The steam engine, the cotton gin, the The steam engine, the cotton gin, the

locomotive and the steamboat were responsible locomotive and the steamboat were responsible for greatly transforming the American economy. for greatly transforming the American economy.

Promoted the western migration of Americans, Promoted the western migration of Americans, speeded up the removal of the Indians.speeded up the removal of the Indians.

Increased the number of slaves in the South and Increased the number of slaves in the South and increased the size of the population in Georgia. increased the size of the population in Georgia.

Led to the development of transportation Led to the development of transportation infrastructure and the growth of capitalism.infrastructure and the growth of capitalism.

8.Question:8.Question:

What event occurred near What event occurred near Dahlonega in 1828 that Dahlonega in 1828 that speeded up the removal of speeded up the removal of the Cherokee?the Cherokee?

Answer:Answer:

The gold (Au) rush.The gold (Au) rush.

What economic term explains What economic term explains the migration of gold miners into the migration of gold miners into North Georgia in 1828?North Georgia in 1828?

9.Question:9.Question:

What was Atlanta’s first name What was Atlanta’s first name and how does it demonstrate and how does it demonstrate Atlanta’s connection to Atlanta’s connection to transportation?transportation?

Answer:Answer:

Terminus. It was the name on an Terminus. It was the name on an engineers map for the end of the engineers map for the end of the Western Atlantic RR track. Western Atlantic RR track.

Railroads would be responsible for Railroads would be responsible for both the birth and destruction of both the birth and destruction of Atlanta and transportation the Atlanta and transportation the ongoing reason for the growth of the ongoing reason for the growth of the city.city.

The Cost of ProgressThe Cost of Progress

What is progress?What is progress? What is innovation?What is innovation? What is cost?What is cost?

List at least 2 examples of progress List at least 2 examples of progress or innovation from our current unit of or innovation from our current unit of study (1790-1840).study (1790-1840).

Examine the following for examples Examine the following for examples of this idea.of this idea.

EnrichmentEnrichment

Examine the following paintings. Examine the following paintings. Describe what you see. Describe what you see. List examples of progress. List examples of progress. Then list some corresponding costs Then list some corresponding costs

of that progress.of that progress.

George Innes: Lackawanna ValleyGeorge Innes: Lackawanna Valley

The Cost of ProgressThe Cost of Progress

Provide a modern example of Provide a modern example of progress.progress.

List some costs of that progress.List some costs of that progress.

Question: Can we have progress Question: Can we have progress without social costs?without social costs?

People to know from Unit 4:People to know from Unit 4:

Alexander McGillivrayAlexander McGillivray William McintoshWilliam Mcintosh SequoyahSequoyah John RossJohn Ross Andrew JacksonAndrew Jackson John MarshallJohn Marshall

((define on your owndefine on your own))

SALMA…what?SALMA…what?

Follow instructions on the note sheet.Follow instructions on the note sheet.