Unit 4

Text I Writing Between the Lines

Text II Handling the Knowledge Explosion

Text I

Text II

Oral Work

Listening

Pre-reading Activity

Structure

Vocabulary Acquisition

Intensive Reading

Text 1: Writing Between the Lines

1.Can you guess the meaning of “Writing between the lines”?

2.See the following example of “Writing between the lines”, discuss the advantages and disadvantages for doing that.

Text I Pre-reading Activity

Reading make a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man.

读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。

And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory;

if he confer little, he had need have a present wit: and if he read little,

he had need have much cunning, to seem to know, that he doth not. 因此不常作笔记者须记忆特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。

Text I Pre-reading Activity

A Example of Writi

ng between the Lin

es

《脂砚斋重评石头记》，与石头记相辅相成，是不可缺少的补充。

Text I Pre-reading Activity

Text I Structure

A effective argument

1. Author’s standpoint

2. Emphasize topic

3. Classification+metaphor 4. Classification 5. Question+Answer

6. Transition

7. Question+Answer+Ordinal Linkage 8. Developing of 7

9. Question+Answer 10. Further explanation of 9

11. Conclusion

A Layered mapping

Text I Vocabulary Acquisition

Write down the meaning of each word that fits the context.

1. mutilation (L.5)

2. transfer (L.8)

3. Dog-eared (L.18)

4. intact (L.21)

5. indispensable (L. 23)

6. sacred (L. 28)

Severely destruction

Move from one place to another

Having the corners of the pages turned up

or down with use

Whole because no part has been touched

or spoiled

Absolutely essential

To be treated with great respect

Text I Vocabulary Acquisition

Write down the meaning of each word that fits the context.

1. restrain (L.17) ____________________________________

2. dilapidated (L.19) ____________________________________

3. scribble (L.19) _____________________________________

4. unblemished (L.21) _____________________________________

5. crayon (L. 23) _____________________________________

6. symphony (L. 28) ____________________________________

7. typography (L.29) ____________________________________

8. humility (L.59) ____________________________________

9. receptacle (L.61) ____________________________________

Hold back (from doing sth)

Broken and old; failing to pieces

Write hastily or carelessly

Not spoiled, as new

Pencil of soft colored chalk or wax, used for drawing

A musical work for a large group of instruments

The arrangement, style and appearance of printed matter

Humble state of mind

A container

You are not likely to do the most efficient kind of reading.

Task: Translate 除非你在阅读过程中积极思考，否则是不大可能理解逻辑学的文章的。You are not likely to grasp / comprehend an article on logic unless you think actively in the course of reading.

I contend, quiet bluntly, that marking up a book is not an act of mutilation but of love.

Task: Paraphrase the sentence

I argue plainly that making marks in a book is not something done to spoil it but to show its worth and value.

bluntly speaking in a direct honest way that sometimes upsets peoplee.g. 'You're drunk,' she said bluntly. To put it bluntly , she's not up to the job.bluntnot sharp or pointed [opposite] sharpe.g. a blunt pencil

But this act of purchase is only the prelude to possession.

Task: Understand and Paraphrase the sentence

Getting the book by payment is merely a preparatory step on the way to ownership.

Task: Translate 计划和列提纲只是写作的前奏曲，一篇论文的撰写还需要经过初稿、修改、编审等环节。Planning and outlining are only a prelude to writing. Drafting, revising and editing are necessary steps of thesis writing.

Full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself.

Task: Understand and Paraphrase the sentence

Only when you have fully absorbed it can you say that you own the book completely.

You do not own the beefsteak in the most important sense until you...

in some sense 在某种意义上in the common \ proper \ strict \ literal \ figurative sense 从通常 \ 本来 \ 严格 \ 字面 \ 比喻 \ 的意义上说lose one's sense 昏过去 ; 发疯 ; 失去理性make sense ( 话等 ) 有意义 , 合 [ 有 ] 理a sense of humour 幽默感 Task: Translate 从某种意义上说，研究生也属科研人员。In a certain sense, postgraduate students are also researchers.

...but is restrained by a false respect for their physical appearance.

restrain somebody from doing somethinge.g. I had to restrain her from running out into the street.restrain yourself (from doing something)e.g. She could barely restrain herself from hitting him.

Task: Translate 他难以抑制住好奇心。He had difficulty in restraining his curiosity.

I’d no more scribble all over a first edition of Paradise Lost than I’d give my baby a set of crayons and an original Rembrandt!

Task: Understand and Paraphrase the sentence I would never mark pages of a first edition copy of Paradise Lost, just as I would not give my baby a set of coloured pencils and a painting by Rembrandt in the original.no more ... than..used to emphasize that someone or something does not have a particular quality or would not do somethinge.g. He's no more fit to be a priest than I am!no more thanused to say that something is not too much, but exactly right or suitableIt's no more than you deserve. Eline felt it was no more than her duty to look after her husband.

约翰 . 弥尔顿 , 伟大的诗人 , 革命文豪。很多文学批评家都认为，英国诗人中除了莎士比亚之外，当首推弥尔顿。他生于伦敦，在剑桥大学的克莱斯特学院获得学士和硕士学位后，便开始专心于诗歌创作。《失乐园》是描写人类堕落的长篇史诗，讲述了人祖亚当和夏蛙在伊甸园中原本纯真无邪，因魔魁撒旦的诱惑而反抗上帝的旨意，以致于堕落致罪的过程。诗中的主角是撒旦 ( 也以恶魔之名出现 ) 是第一个背叛上帝，发动天国叛乱的堕落天使，他的同伴也是破逐出天国的天使。为了唆使亚当与夏蛙反抗上帝，撒旦经历了各种危险和考验。在这部复杂的作品中，人类失去乐园的故事表达了作者的清教主义，对撒旦的描写则倾注着他的革命思想，正是那些歌颂叛逆者的响亮诗行构成了诗中最动人的篇章。

If you respect for magnificent binding or typography gets in the way, buy your self a cheap edition and pay your respects to the author.

Task: Understand and Paraphrase the sentence

If the elaborate cover, style of printing or layout prevent you from marking up a book, then you’d better buy a cheap edition in which you can show your respect to the writer (by writing notes in it).

Task: Translate 你的社会工作不应影响学习。Your social works should not get in the way of your studies.

.

If you respect for magnificent binding or typography gets in the way, buy your self a cheap edition and pay your respects to the author.

respect [formal] polite greetings

give/send your respects (to somebody)

e.g. Give my respects to your wife.

pay your respects (to somebody)

e.g. I've come to pay my respects to Mrs O'Hara.

pay your last respects (to somebody)

to go to someone's funeral

Why is marking up a book indispensable to reading?

[synonym] essentialindispensable toe.g. This book is indispensable to anyone interested in space exploration.indispensable for/in (doing) somethinge.g. Meat is not indispensable for maintaining a healthy diet. Mobile phones have become an indispensable part of our lives.

Task: Translate 锐利观察和逻辑思维是科学研究不可缺少的品质。Sharp observation and logical thinking are indispensable qualities for scientific research.

.

The books you read for pleasure can be read in a state of relaxation.

in a state of war in a state of disrepairin a state of panic in a state of shockin a bad/terrible etc state in a fit state (to do sth)

Task: Translate 根据他所提出的外语学习的理论，一个人在精神松弛的状态下学习英语要比在精神集中的状态下学习英语更有效。According to his theory of foreign language learning, one can better learn English in a state of relaxation than in a state of concentration.

Task: Guess meanings of following phrases:

The physical act of writing, with your hand, brings words and sentences more sharply before your mind and preserves them better in your memory.

Task: Understand and Paraphrase the sentence If you write notes in the book yourself, the words and sentences will stand out more distinctly in your mind and last longer in your memory.

conserve v.保存，保藏，保护 ( 强调节约 ) 。 E.g. In winter, some people conserve energy by lowing the heat at night. preserve v.保护；维持；保养；防止 (食物 )腐败 ( 强调使不受破坏 ) 。 E.g. The government preserves the rights of the individual person. reserve v.保留，储备 ( 强调为某一特殊目的 )；订 (座位 ) ，预定。 E.g. We are reserving these seats for my parents.

Understanding is a two-way operation; learning doesn’t consist in being an empty receptacle.

Task: Understand and Paraphrase the sentence Comprehension is a process involving both reception and production. If you remain a container ready only to receive, you cannot expect to learn very much.

consist in to be based on or depend on somethinge.g. Happiness does not consist in how many possessions you

own.consist of to be formed from two or more things or peoplee.g. The buffet consisted of several different Indian dishes.consist with to be compatible; accorde.g. The information consists with her account.

Task: Translate 我不认为幸福在于获取自己所需；我认为幸福在于为社会尽责任。I don’t think happiness consist in obtaining what you need; I believe happiness consist in doing what you can for society.

Understanding is a two-way operation; learning doesn’t consist in being an empty receptacle.

Instead of eliminating or disregarding the knowledge explosion,

what can we do about it?

What’s our greatest reading problem?

what is the difference between “finding time to read” and

“making time to read”?

What do you do if you make time to read? How can you do more

hours of reading a week if you spend only an hour a day?

What are the three brakes that slow down your reading speed?

What solution to the problem of slow reading speed does the

author suggest?

Text II Extensive Reading Questions

Handling the Knowledge Explosion

Useful expressions

Dictation A

Dictation B

Listening

Key

Key

Listening Dictation A

* complaint n. 申诉；控告；抱怨* faulty adj. 有缺点的 , 不完美的 a faulty reasoning 错误的推理 a faulty design 不完善的设计方案* claim n. (根据权利 ) 要求* responsible adj. 负责的

have a responsible post [position] 担任要职 The weather is responsible for the delay. 由于天气关系才耽搁了。* receipt n. 收条 , 收据* chain store n. 连锁商店* enquiry n. 询问* stick to n. 粘住 , 坚持* at this stage adv. 眼下 , 暂时*article n. 物品 , 商品

Listening Dictation A

Making a ComplaintComplaining about faulty goods or bad service is never easy. But if something you have bought is faulty or does not do what was claimed for it, you are not asking for a favour to get it put right. Complaints should be made to a responsible person. Go back to the shop where you bought the goods, taking with you any receipt you may have. In a small store the assistant may also be the owner so you can complain direct. In a chain store, ask the manager. If you telephone, ask the name of the person who handles your enquiry, otherwise you may never find out who dealt with the complaint later. If you do not want to do it in person, write a letter. Stick to the facts and keep a copy of what you write. At this stage you should give any receipt numbers, but you should not need to give receipts or other papers to prove you bought the article. (164 words)

Listening Dictation A

* structural adj. 结构的 , 建筑的* furnish vt. 装备 , 布置* alteration n. 变更 , 改造* accommodation n . 住处 , 膳宿* option n. 选项 , 选择权 have no option but to(do) 除了……以外没有他法 , 只好 leave one’s options open不做选择；不表态；不做承诺；留有回旋余地 leave to one’s option 任意选择 make ones option 进行选择* lodging n . 寄宿处 , 寄宿* bed-sitting n. 卧室兼起居室* self-contained adj. 设备齐全的* alternatively adv. 作为选择 , 二者择一地

Listening Dictation B

Where Do the British LiveNearly everyone in Britain would like to own their own home and, whether they do or not, they are prepared to put time and money into decorating and furnishing it or even making structural alterations to it. Because of the climate and because of the expense involved in going out for the evening, the British spend a lot of time at home and a large part of their social life takes place there. Young people tend to stay with their families longer these days as accommodation is expensive but, when they move away to a job or college, there are various options open to them. They can get lodgings with a landlady. This means that they rent a room in someone’s house and have breakfast with the family. They can also get a bed-sitting room, that is to say one self-contained room in which they can cook, live and sleep. Alternatively, they can share a rented flat or house with a group of young people, perhaps the most popular option of all. (172 words)