Unit 5EDFR 6388: Sociocultural Foundations of Education

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Low Level Violence in Schools

Bullying

Sexual harassment

Victimization based on sexual orientation

Psychological Maltreatmentof Students by Teachers

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BullyingThe unprovoked physical or psychological abuse of an individual by one or a group of students over time to create an ongoing pattern of harassment and abuse.

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Sexual HarassmentNon physical: making comments, spreading sexual rumors, flashing

Physical: touching, grabbing, pinching

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Victimization based on sexual orientation

Is the most common form of bias related violence in the United States.

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Psychological Maltreatment of Students by TeachersDiscipline and control techniques that are based on fear and intimidation: screaming, sarcasm, threats, and ridicule.

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Student who are Typically Bullied

not considered attractive

not considered well dressed

not physically well developed

not fitting in

wearing unique or unusual clothes

perceived sexual orientation

poor social skills

A study found that 88% of secondary school students reported having observed bullying and 76.8% stated that they had been a victim of bullying at school.

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Effects of Bullying

grades suffer

thoughts of suicide

withdrawal

violence

In 12 of 15 school shooting cases in the 1990s, the shooters had a history of being bullied.

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Bullying & School ShootingsA recent report that examined the profiles of school shooters concluded that in 66% of the cases, “the attackers felt persecuted, bullied, threatened, attacked or injured by others prior to the incident.”

Timeline of Worldwide School and Mass Shootings

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Recommendations

Educators should send strong messages that all forms of low-level violence are inappropriate

Educate school personnel on identifying and stopping

Create a culture of warmth & tolerance, appreciative of diversity

Reinforce good behavior

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Discussion QuestionsSome critics say that bullying is a serious and pervasive problem in schools and that adults are not taking it seriously enough. Do you agree with this statement?

Do you think that tolerance of bullying by adults could be a generational or cultural issue?

In this unit we have also read about the Texas low-level punitive model for Disciplinary Alternative Education Programs. Do you think, for the safety of others, that students who bully should be removed from classrooms and sent to alternative schools?

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Sources:

Dupper, David R. & Meyer-Adams, Nancy, 2002. Low-level violence: A neglected aspect of school culture. Urban Education 37(3), pp. 350-364.

Levin, Mark. 2005. Disciplinary Alternative Education Programs: What Is and What Should Be. Policy Brief: Texas Public Policy Foundation. December 2005.

www.stopbullying.gov

http://infoplease.com/ipa/A0777958.html

http://www.jaredstory.com/serious_bullying.html

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