Unit 7Unit 7

A Sunrise on the VeldA Sunrise on the Veld

(Text I)(Text I)

The background info of the The background info of the authorauthor

Lessing, Doris MayLessing, Doris May (1919- ), British novelist a (1919- ), British novelist and short-story writer, whose interest in psycholond short-story writer, whose interest in psychology led her to fictional explorations of madness agy led her to fictional explorations of madness and self-analysis. Much of her work is concerned nd self-analysis. Much of her work is concerned with the everyday and inner lives of perceptive, swith the everyday and inner lives of perceptive, sensitive women. Lessing was born in Doris May ensitive women. Lessing was born in Doris May Tayler in Persia (now Iran) and raised in SoutherTayler in Persia (now Iran) and raised in Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe). She moved to Engn Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe). She moved to England in 1949. land in 1949.

Notable examples of her work are the five-volumNotable examples of her work are the five-volume sequence e sequence Children of ViolenceChildren of Violence (1952-1969), a (1952-1969), a mostly autobiographical account of the central cmostly autobiographical account of the central character Martha Quest; and haracter Martha Quest; and The Golden NoteboThe Golden Notebookok (1962), her most famous novel. (1962), her most famous novel. The Golden The Golden NotebookNotebook became a classic of feminist literature became a classic of feminist literature due to its experimental style and explorations of due to its experimental style and explorations of self, creativity, and feminine identity. Text 1 is an self, creativity, and feminine identity. Text 1 is an excerpt from the short story of the same name excerpt from the short story of the same name (A Sunrise on the Veld).(A Sunrise on the Veld).

Pre-reading QuestionsPre-reading Questions

1 What does the title of the text suggest to 1 What does the title of the text suggest to you?you?

2 What type of writing do you expect it to 2 What type of writing do you expect it to be?be?

3 Might it be a description of a sunrise, a 3 Might it be a description of a sunrise, a narrative or sth else? Exercise your mind narrative or sth else? Exercise your mind and make some predictions.and make some predictions.

Main IdeaMain Idea

A young boy watches a buck being eaten A young boy watches a buck being eaten by a swarm of black ants, is overcome by by a swarm of black ants, is overcome by a feeling of rage, misery and protest, and a feeling of rage, misery and protest, and reaches a new understanding. reaches a new understanding.

Language pointsLanguage points

veld/veldtveld/veldt

high flat land in South Africa that is covered ihigh flat land in South Africa that is covered in grass and has few treesn grass and has few trees

(( 南非南非 )) 无林无林 [[ 疏林疏林 ]] 草原。草原。

Language pointsLanguage points

notice notice paying attention to someone or somethingpaying attention to someone or somethingI waved but they took no notice. I waved but they took no notice. not take any/much notice (of something) not take any/much notice (of something) I did not take much notice of her suggestions.I did not take much notice of her suggestions.I hope you'll take notice of what I'm going to tell you.I hope you'll take notice of what I'm going to tell you.This problem may have escaped your notice so far.This problem may have escaped your notice so far.There are several important matters that I'd like to There are several important matters that I'd like to

bring to your notice.bring to your notice.

Language PointsLanguage Points

scurryscurry

to move quickly with short steps, especially to move quickly with short steps, especially because you are in a hurrybecause you are in a hurry

People were scurrying off to work.People were scurrying off to work.

His aides scurried about, murmuring to each His aides scurried about, murmuring to each other in Russian.other in Russian.

Language PointsLanguage Points

(terror seized him)(terror seized him)

be seized with/by terror/desire etcbe seized with/by terror/desire etc

to suddenly be affected by an extremely to suddenly be affected by an extremely strong feelingstrong feeling

When she saw his face, she was seized by When she saw his face, she was seized by fear.fear.

Language PointsLanguage Points

nothing butnothing but

onlyonly

She'd had nothing but bad luck.She'd had nothing but bad luck.

There was nothing but salad to eat. There was nothing but salad to eat.

They They did nothing but argue did nothing but argue for the whole for the whole journey.journey.

Language pointsLanguage points

cf. cf. anything butanything but

used to emphasize that someone or used to emphasize that someone or something does not have a particular something does not have a particular qualityquality

Maria is anything but stupid!Maria is anything but stupid!

He is anything but a statesman. He is anything but a statesman.

I will do anything but that.I will do anything but that.

Language pointsLanguage points

peer peer to look very carefully at something, especiallto look very carefully at something, especiall

y because you are having difficulty seeing y because you are having difficulty seeing itit

He was peering through the wet windscreen He was peering through the wet windscreen at the cars ahead. at the cars ahead.

Philippa peered into the darkness.Philippa peered into the darkness.peer at the tag to read the price peer at the tag to read the price 细看标签辨细看标签辨

读出价目读出价目

Language pointsLanguage points

jerkjerk

to move with a quick sudden movement, or tto move with a quick sudden movement, or to make part of your body move in this way o make part of your body move in this way 猛拉，猛推，猛撞，猛扭猛拉，猛推，猛撞，猛扭

Wilcox jerked his head to indicate that they sWilcox jerked his head to indicate that they should move on. hould move on.

'Is that the only way out of here?' he asked, j'Is that the only way out of here?' he asked, jerking a thumb at the door.erking a thumb at the door.

Language pointsLanguage points

convulsiveconvulsive

a convulsive movement or action is sudden, a convulsive movement or action is sudden, violent, and impossible to controlviolent, and impossible to control

a convulsive soba convulsive sob

--convulsively --convulsively

Con's body jerked convulsively.Con's body jerked convulsively.

Language pointsLanguage points

convulseconvulse

if your body or a part of it convulses, it moveif your body or a part of it convulses, it moves violently and you are not able to control it s violently and you are not able to control it 痉挛痉挛

He sat down, his shoulders convulsing with He sat down, his shoulders convulsing with sobs.sobs.

Language pointsLanguage points

come into somebody's mind come into somebody's mind

also also cross/enter somebody's mindcross/enter somebody's mind

[not in progressive] if something crosses [not in progressive] if something crosses your mind, you have a thought or ideayour mind, you have a thought or idea

It never crossed my mind that Lisa might be It never crossed my mind that Lisa might be lying. lying.

Suddenly a horrible thought came into my Suddenly a horrible thought came into my mind.mind.

Language pointsLanguage points

mechanicalmechanical (protest) (protest)

a mechanical action, reply etc is done a mechanical action, reply etc is done without thinking, and has been done without thinking, and has been done many times beforemany times before

He was asked the same question so many He was asked the same question so many times that the answer became times that the answer became mechanical.mechanical.

interfere interfere to deliberately get involved in a situto deliberately get involved in a situation where you are not wanted or needed ation where you are not wanted or needed 干涉，干预干涉，干预

My daughter said that I was interfering, but I My daughter said that I was interfering, but I was only trying to help.was only trying to help.

interfere ininterfere in

It's not the church's job to interfere in politics.It's not the church's job to interfere in politics.

interfere with something/somebodyinterfere with something/somebody

to prevent something from succeeding or froto prevent something from succeeding or from happening in the way that was planned m happening in the way that was planned 妨碍，打扰妨碍，打扰

Anxiety can interfere with children's performAnxiety can interfere with children's performance at school.ance at school.

Sedentary habits often interfere with health. Sedentary habits often interfere with health. 长坐不动的习惯往往有害于身体。长坐不动的习惯往往有害于身体。

anguishanguish

mental or physical suffering caused by mental or physical suffering caused by extreme pain or worryextreme pain or worry

the anguish of not knowing what had the anguish of not knowing what had happened to herhappened to her

Some were written in  anguish, others in Some were written in  anguish, others in hope.hope.

unconsciousunconscious

1 unable to see, move, feel etc in the normal 1 unable to see, move, feel etc in the normal way because you are not consciousway because you are not conscious 无意无意识的识的

She was found alive but unconscious. She was found alive but unconscious.

knock/beat somebody unconscious Levin waknock/beat somebody unconscious Levin was knocked unconscious by the impact.s knocked unconscious by the impact.

2 a feeling or thought that is unconscious is one th2 a feeling or thought that is unconscious is one that you have without realizing it at you have without realizing it ￚￚ see also subcsee also subconscious onscious 潜意识的，半自觉的潜意识的，半自觉的

unconscious feeling/desire/need etc unconscious feeling/desire/need etc

3 3 be unconscious of somethingbe unconscious of somethingto not realize the effect of something you have said to not realize the effect of something you have said

or doneor doneDoreen appeared to be unconscious of the amuseDoreen appeared to be unconscious of the amuse

ment she had caused.ment she had caused.

trickle trickle

1 if liquid trickles somewhere, it flows slowly in 1 if liquid trickles somewhere, it flows slowly in drops or in a thin streamdrops or in a thin stream

The tears trickled down her cheeks.The tears trickled down her cheeks.

2 if people, vehicles, goods etc trickle somewhere, 2 if people, vehicles, goods etc trickle somewhere, they move there slowly in small groups or they move there slowly in small groups or amountsamounts

The first few fans started to trickle into the stadium.The first few fans started to trickle into the stadium.

(…shining) (…shining) in the sunin the sun

We sat in the sun, eating ice cream.We sat in the sun, eating ice cream.

I can't sit in the sun anymore - it's too hot.I can't sit in the sun anymore - it's too hot.

Put the plant on a window sill in the sun.Put the plant on a window sill in the sun.

We spent all day lazing around in the sun.We spent all day lazing around in the sun.

stridestride

past tense strode; past participle stridden [inpast tense strode; past participle stridden [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] writtransitive always + adverb/preposition] writtenten

to walk quickly with long stepsto walk quickly with long steps

stride across/into/down etcstride across/into/down etc

He strode toward her.He strode toward her.

brush brush

to remove something with a brush or with yoto remove something with a brush or with your handur hand

brush something off/from etc somethingbrush something off/from etc something

Ella brushed the crumbs off her jacket. Ella brushed the crumbs off her jacket.

He brushed the tears from his eyes.He brushed the tears from his eyes.

ebb ebb

1 if the tide ebbs, it flows away from the shor1 if the tide ebbs, it flows away from the shoree 退潮，落潮 退潮，落潮 (opp. flood; flow)(opp. flood; flow) 。。

2 also 2 also ebb awayebb away

to gradually decrease to gradually decrease 衰退，减退衰退，减退Linda's enthusiasm began to ebb away. Linda's enthusiasm began to ebb away.

I could feel my courage ebbing away.I could feel my courage ebbing away.

gazegaze to look at someone or something for a long tito look at someone or something for a long ti

me, giving it all your attention, often withoume, giving it all your attention, often without realizing you are doing so t realizing you are doing so ￚￚ synonym stsynonym stareare

gaze into/atgaze into/at etc etcPatrick sat gazing into space (=looking straiPatrick sat gazing into space (=looking strai

ght in front, not at any particular person or ght in front, not at any particular person or thing) .thing) .

at any rateat any rate

used when you are stating one definite fact iused when you are stating one definite fact in a situation that is uncertain or unsatisfactn a situation that is uncertain or unsatisfactory ory ￚￚ synonym anywaysynonym anyway

They've had technical problems - at any rate They've had technical problems - at any rate that's what they told me.that's what they told me.

Well, at any rate, the next meeting will be on Well, at any rate, the next meeting will be on Wednesday.Wednesday.

fancy (that)fancy (that)

literary to think or believe something without literary to think or believe something without being certainbeing certain

She fancied she heard a noise downstairs.She fancied she heard a noise downstairs.

incredulousincredulous

unable or unwilling to believe somethingunable or unwilling to believe something

"You don't have a car?" asked one incredulo"You don't have a car?" asked one incredulous woman.us woman.

Everyone looked incredulous when I said I uEveryone looked incredulous when I said I used to drive a taxi.sed to drive a taxi.

incredulous look/expression/voice etcincredulous look/expression/voice etc

She shot him an incredulous look.She shot him an incredulous look.

cf. cf. credulouscredulousIf you describe someone as credulous, you If you describe someone as credulous, you

have a low opinion of them because they have a low opinion of them because they are too ready to believe what people tell are too ready to believe what people tell them and are easily deceived. = gullible them and are easily deceived. = gullible

...quack doctors charming money out of the ...quack doctors charming money out of the pockets of credulous health-hungry pockets of credulous health-hungry citizens.citizens.

cf. cf. incredible incredible

1 extremely good, large, or great 1 extremely good, large, or great ￚￚ synonym unbelievablesynonym unbelievableThe view is just incredible.The view is just incredible.There was blood everywhere and the pain was incredible.There was blood everywhere and the pain was incredible.

2 too strange to be believed or very difficult to believe 2 too strange to be believed or very difficult to believe ￚￚ sysynonym unbelievable nonym unbelievable

It's incredible that he survived the fall. It's incredible that he survived the fall. It's incredible how much Tom has changed since he met SaIt's incredible how much Tom has changed since he met Sa

lly.lly.I find it almost incredible that no-one noticed these errors.I find it almost incredible that no-one noticed these errors.

exhilaratedexhilarated

feeling extremely happy, excited, and full of feeling extremely happy, excited, and full of energyenergy

Dan felt strangely exhilarated by the day's eDan felt strangely exhilarated by the day's events.vents.

friskfrisk 1 [transitive] to search someone for hidden 1 [transitive] to search someone for hidden

weapons, drugs etc by feeling their body with weapons, drugs etc by feeling their body with your handsyour hands

They pulled me aside and frisked me for weapons.They pulled me aside and frisked me for weapons.We were frisked at the airport - can you believe it?We were frisked at the airport - can you believe it?

2 [intransitive] if a young animal frisks, it runs and 2 [intransitive] if a young animal frisks, it runs and jumps playfullyjumps playfully

The lambs were frisking around the pen.The lambs were frisking around the pen.

sniff sniff

1 [intransitive] to breathe air into your nose n1 [intransitive] to breathe air into your nose noisily, for example when you are crying or oisily, for example when you are crying or have a coldhave a cold

Margaret sniffed miserably and nodded. Margaret sniffed miserably and nodded.

Stop sniffing and blow your nose.Stop sniffing and blow your nose.

2 [intransitive and transitive] to breathe air in 2 [intransitive and transitive] to breathe air in through your nose in order to smell sometthrough your nose in order to smell somethinghing

He opened the milk and sniffed it.He opened the milk and sniffed it.

sniff atsniff at

The dog was sniffing at the carpet.The dog was sniffing at the carpet.

sparklingsparkling 1 shining brightly with points of flashing light 1 shining brightly with points of flashing light 波光波光

粼粼粼粼a sparkling blue lake a sparkling blue lake 2 very clean, and seeming to shine brightly2 very clean, and seeming to shine brightlya sparkling white beach a sparkling white beach a sparkling clean kitchena sparkling clean kitchen3 a sparkling drink has bubbles of gas in it3 a sparkling drink has bubbles of gas in ita glass of sparkling winea glass of sparkling wine

traptrap

1 [usually passive] to prevent someone from 1 [usually passive] to prevent someone from escaping from somewhere, especially a daescaping from somewhere, especially a dangerous placengerous place

Twenty miners were trapped underground. Twenty miners were trapped underground.

Dozens of people were trapped in the rubble Dozens of people were trapped in the rubble (( 碎砖，瓦砾碎砖，瓦砾 ) when the building collapsed.) when the building collapsed.

2 to catch an animal or bird using a trap2 to catch an animal or bird using a trap

a a swarmswarm of ants of ants

1 a large group of insects, especially bees, 1 a large group of insects, especially bees, moving togethermoving together

2 a crowd of people who are moving quickly2 a crowd of people who are moving quickly

Swarms of tourists jostled through the squarSwarms of tourists jostled through the square.e.

Text 2 Text 2

on the marchon the march

a) an army that is on the march is marching a) an army that is on the march is marching somewheresomewhere

b) a belief, idea etc that is on the march is b) a belief, idea etc that is on the march is becoming stronger and more popularbecoming stronger and more popular

Fascism is on the march again in some Fascism is on the march again in some parts of Europe.parts of Europe.

savagerysavagery

extremely cruel and violent behaviourextremely cruel and violent behaviour

Local people were shocked by the savagery Local people were shocked by the savagery of the attack.of the attack.

Karlin witnessed inhumane savagery during Karlin witnessed inhumane savagery during the war. the war.

blunderblunder

[intransitive always + adverb/preposition] to [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] to enter a place or become involved in a difficenter a place or become involved in a difficult situation by mistakeult situation by mistake

blunder intoblunder into

Somehow we blundered into the war.Somehow we blundered into the war.

groggygroggy

weak and unable to move well or think clearlweak and unable to move well or think clearly because you are ill or very tiredy because you are ill or very tired 头昏眼头昏眼花的花的

I felt really groggy after 15 hours on the planI felt really groggy after 15 hours on the plane.e.

Bill looked groggy after studying all night.Bill looked groggy after studying all night.

wrigglewriggle

[intransitive] to twist your body from side to s[intransitive] to twist your body from side to side with small quick movements ide with small quick movements 扭动扭动

Stop wriggling and let me put your T-shirt on.Stop wriggling and let me put your T-shirt on.

wriggle under/through/intowriggle under/through/into

He wriggled through the window.He wriggled through the window.

The dog wriggled free and ran off.The dog wriggled free and ran off.

ferociousferocious1 violent, dangerous, and frightening1 violent, dangerous, and frighteninga ferocious, hungry lion a ferocious, hungry lion a ferocious battle a ferocious battle 2 very strong, severe, and unpleasant2 very strong, severe, and unpleasantThe congressman is one of the President's The congressman is one of the President's

most ferocious critics. most ferocious critics. Butler is famous for his ferocious temper.Butler is famous for his ferocious temper.

columncolumn

a long moving line of people or thingsa long moving line of people or things 纵队纵队column ofcolumn of

a column of marching mena column of marching men

form the flanks (line 17)form the flanks (line 17)

flankflank

the side of an army in a battle, or a sports tethe side of an army in a battle, or a sports team when playingam when playing 侧翼，翼侧侧翼，翼侧

We were attacked on our left flank.We were attacked on our left flank.

a surge ofa surge of (restlessness) (restlessness)1 a surge of something1 a surge of somethinga sudden, large increase in a feelinga sudden, large increase in a feelinga surge of excitementa surge of excitement2 a sudden increase in amount or number2 a sudden increase in amount or numbersurge in/ofsurge in/ofa surge in food costsa surge in food costsa surge of reporters’ interest in his financesa surge of reporters’ interest in his finances

mandiblemandible 【虫类】上颚【虫类】上颚

exposureexposurea) a length of film in a camera that is used to a) a length of film in a camera that is used to

take a photograph take a photograph 胶卷胶卷 [[ 软片软片 ]] 张数； 张数； I hI have three exposures left on this roll.ave three exposures left on this roll.

b) the amount of time that light is allowed to b) the amount of time that light is allowed to enter the camera when taking a photograpenter the camera when taking a photograph h 曝光时间曝光时间

DictationDictation

Social Biology of AntsSocial Biology of Ants

All ants are social, living in groups of a few indiviAll ants are social, living in groups of a few individuals to colonies (duals to colonies ( 蚁群蚁群 )) ， ， with half a million or with half a million or more members. Ant colonies have two classes omore members. Ant colonies have two classes of individuals: reproductive and nonreproductive. f individuals: reproductive and nonreproductive. The queen and the male ants are reproductive. The queen and the male ants are reproductive. They have wings and can fly, although queens loThey have wings and can fly, although queens lose their wings when they begin a colony. Males se their wings when they begin a colony. Males arise from unfertilized eggs, and fertilized eggs darise from unfertilized eggs, and fertilized eggs develop into females, most of which are workers.evelop into females, most of which are workers.

The largest workers are usually The largest workers are usually soldierssoldiers, and they may , and they may be equipped with oversized, muscular heads and swordlibe equipped with oversized, muscular heads and swordlike jaws. Medium-sized workers forage for (ke jaws. Medium-sized workers forage for ( 搜索搜索 ) food, a) food, and the smallest workers are nd the smallest workers are nurse antsnurse ants that tend the yo that tend the young.ung.

Chemical signals are important in the sociobiology of antChemical signals are important in the sociobiology of ants. Ant nests commonly consist of chambers and galleries s. Ant nests commonly consist of chambers and galleries excavated (excavated ( 挖掘挖掘 ) under stones, logs, or underground. S) under stones, logs, or underground. Some species construct their nests in mounds of earth anome species construct their nests in mounds of earth and vegetable matter or in decayed trees.d vegetable matter or in decayed trees.

Elephants have long been revered and honored, Elephants have long been revered and honored, and in Thailand, India, and other Southeast and in Thailand, India, and other Southeast Asian countries, beautifully decorated elephants Asian countries, beautifully decorated elephants still play a significant role in traditional religious still play a significant role in traditional religious ceremonies. According to Buddhist tradition, the ceremonies. According to Buddhist tradition, the Buddha chose the form of a white elephant as Buddha chose the form of a white elephant as one of his many earthly incarnations, and the one of his many earthly incarnations, and the rare appearance of a white elephant is still rare appearance of a white elephant is still heralded as a manifestation of the gods.heralded as a manifestation of the gods.

The EndThe End

Thank You!Thank You!