Unit 7 The Sea

was a Spanish sailor. He made four voyages . He is famous all over the world now.

Columbus

People consider him to have discovered America first. Do you think so?

Which of the following people do you think arrived in America first?

a. Christopher Columbus

b. Ancient Romans

c. Chinese

d. Vikings

This painting shows Viking raider in about the year 1100

This might be the oldest map of North America. Some people believe the Vikings drew it. They also think Columbus may have used it to find the New world.

Read to LearnRead to Learn

ScandinaviaNewfoundland

Greenland

Iceland

2.Match the words with their explanations.

Scandinavia

Greenland

Newfoundland

Iceland

a large island in the North Atlantic Ocean, near Northeastern Canada

an area of North Europe consisting of Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Iceland and Finland

 a country in the North Atlantic

a large island in Eastern Canada

斯堪的纳维亚

格陵兰

纽芬兰

冰岛

Scandinavia

Scandinavia:

an area of the North Europe

consisting of Norway, Sweden,

Denmark, Iceland and Finland.

a country in the NorthAtlantic

a large island in North Atlantic Ocean,near Northeastern Canada

Newfoundland

a large island in Eastern Canada

Read the passage. Then complete the table below about the Vikings’ major discoveries.

the middle of the ninth century

discovered Greenland

blown there by a storm

Eric the Red

unknown land

blown off course

the year 1002 Leif and Biarni

An island (now known as Newfoundland)

planned the trip

not longer after Eric the Red had landed in Greenland

When? Who? What? How?

Biarni

1. Why did Eric the Red leave Iceland?

2. Who was Biarni looking for when he was blown to an unknown land?

He was forced to leave Iceland because he got into trouble for a murder he had committed.

He was looking for his father who was with Eric’s party.

We know about them through stories which were written down centuries later in Norway and Iceland.

3. How do we know about the Vikings?

1. finally

2. succeed

3. never heard of

4. start a sea journey

5. looking for

6. sea journey

7. now

8. based on

9. find out

10. carry out

eventually

achieve

unknown

set sailin search of

voyage

present-day

according to

Find the words in the text that match most closely with the meaning of the words below

discovercommit

1. The spirit of explorers

spirit (n.) 我们应该学习雷锋精神。We should learn from Lei Feng’s spirit.

explore (v.) ----- explorer (n.)

2. Viking voyage to America

voyage (n.) = sea journey

☆ 区分 : voyage, journey, tour, trip, travel

这一组词都有“旅行”的意思，但各词的含义有所不同。 journey 指从一地到另一地，通常指陆地上的远距离“ 旅行”，有时也可以表示经常走的或长或短的“路程”。只作名词。例如： I took a journey from Beijing to Shanghai last year. -- How long is your journey to school? --Only about

10 minutes. voyage 主要指远距离的水上旅行，也可以指空中旅行

意思为“航海、航空、航行”等。只作名词。例如： She usually gets seasick during the voyage. They made a voyage across the Pacific by air.

trip 一般指时间短、距离近的“旅行、远足”，也可以指长途旅行。在非正式用语中可代替 journey 。只作名词。例如：

We made a boat trip to the island last week and had a good time.

I will be on a trip to / journey to the south next summer holiday.

tour 着重指旅行线路比较曲折，常表示“（周游各地的）参观、访问、（巡回）旅游、视察、购物、演出”等意思。可作动词和名词。例如：

I will tour the world in the future. My father has gone down-town on a shopping t

our.

travel 作“旅行、游历”解，一般表示从一地到另一地旅行这一总的概念。常指长时间、远距离的“旅行”。尤指出国旅行。可作动词和名词。其复数形式意思为“旅游笔记”、“游记”。例如：

At present, many people are fond of travel in their spare time.

I am reading a book about the travel to North Pole.

They came home after years of foreign travel.

Light travels faster than sound.

journey 、 voyage 、 trip 、 tour 、 travel 填空

1 ． The ________ from America to France used to take two months.

2 ． How did you enjoy your ________ in Europe?

3 ． I go to work by train, and the ______ takes half an hour.

4 ． He made a five-month _______ of India and the Far East.

5 ． He took us on a _____ of his new house.

voyage

travels

trip/journey

tour

tour

6 ． The ______ across the sea was smooth.

7 ． She had been away on a long _______ .

8 ． I don’t believe we’ll be able to afford any _____ .

9 ． Will you please bring back some sugar on your next _____ to the kitchen?

10. _______ were arranged for the foreign visitors to see the Great Wall.

voyage

travel

trip/journey

Tourjourney

set sail from A 地 fo

r B 地

3. achieve (v.)

= succeed / be successful

achieve the goal 达到目的

4. long before “ 在之前很久” They achieved this long before Colum

bus ever set sail.

他们在哥伦布到达此地很久之前就已经来过这儿。

before long = soon “ 不久”孩子，很快我就会来看你。 I shall see you before long, my boy.

☆It be + 时间 + before “ 过了多久”过了很久，我才睡着。It was a long time before I fell asleep.

☆ It+be+ not +long +before “ 不久就……”不久我们就会见面的。

It won’t be long before we see each other.

5. further是 far 的比较级，一般指程度深远而 farther 一般指路程遥远

6. as many as 多达…… as many as + 可数名词 as much as + 不可数名词史密斯先生一天能吃多达五顿饭。Mr. Smith can eat as many as five meals a day.

A+ as + 形容词 + as +B 用于同级之间的比较滑水跟滑浪风帆都一样刺激。Water skiing is as exciting as wind surfing.

7. according to 根据， 依照☆ 后面接短语，不能接句子

根据课文叙述，北欧海盗首先发现美洲。

According to the text, Vikings first discovered America.

价格根据季节变化。

The price changed according to the season.

= based on

8. be forced to do sth. 被迫做某事 主动： force sb. to do sth.

The workers were forced to work at least 16 hours

a day.

commit a crime 犯罪9. commit a robbery 犯抢劫罪 commit a murder 犯谋杀罪

10. be in trouble “ 有麻烦，出事” get into trouble “ 遇到麻烦”她总是遇到麻烦。She is always getting into trouble.

ask / look for trouble 自找麻烦

have trouble (in )doing sth. 做某事有麻烦

take great trouble to do sth. 花大力气做某事

妈妈很生气，你们不要再自找麻烦了。Mama is so angry. Don’t ask for trouble.

你找到这所房子有困难吗？Did you have trouble (in) finding the house?

她花了很大力气才能算出这条数学问题。She took great trouble to work out this maths’ qu

estion.

12. He persuaded some people to go back with him to Greenland.

persuade sb. to do sth.

说服、劝服某人做某事他说服我买了这房子。He persuaded me to buy the house.

He advised (tried to persuade) me to buy the house, but I didn’t.

他建议我买这房子，却没有把我说服。

11. Eric set sail once again, this time with 25 ships, of which only 14 made it to Greenland.

埃里克又一次起航，这次一共有 25 条船，只有其中 14艘到达了格陵兰岛。of which only 14 = only 14 of which

把这个定语从句分成 2个简单句： 1. Eric set sail with 25 ships.

2. Only 14 of the 25 ships made it to Greenland.

set sail = start a sea journey

in search of = looking for

eventually = finally

make it to = be successful in getting to

七月他们再度启航，并向南行驶，以寻找新的陆地。最后，他们到达南极。In July, they ______ again and headed south, __________ a new land. __________, they _________ the South Pole.

set sailin search of Eventually

made it to

13. be in search ofof be in one’s search forfor sb. / sth.

search + 地方 + for sb. /sth.

search for = look for = hunt for

They went there in search of food to eat.

The parents are now in their search for their missing child.

The police searched the forest for the criminals.

I must search for the mice until I find them and kill them.

search 做名词

search 做动词

14. blow off course

被风吹得偏离航线15. find oneself in somewhere

（不知不觉）发现自己在某个地方16. an unknown land

不知名的地方17. present-day = now

18. deed

可数名词 do good / bad deeds

19. Leif followed Biarni’s directions and sailed to what is believed to be the coast of present-day Canada.

赖伊夫按照比阿尼提供的线索航行到了现在被认为是加拿大海岸的地方。

what 做主语 ，此处不能用 where.

follow one’s direction

遵从某人的指示in / from all (every) directions

向 / 从四面八方来

follow “ 跟随”他跟着她上了楼。He followed her up the stairs.

“沿着走” 沿着这条路走道拐角处。Follow this road to the corner.

“遵循 , 依照行事” 他必须听从老师的指导 He must follow the directions that his teacher g

ave.

“听懂” 你读得太快 , 我听不懂。 You are reading too fast for me to follow.

Exercise

1. After five hours’ drive, they reached ___ they thought was the place they’d been dreaming of.

A.that B. where C. which D. what

2. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, ___ the sailing time was 226 days.

A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which

D. what

A. of which

3. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% ____ are sold abroad.

A. of which B. which of

C. of then D. of that

4. I have many friends, ____ some are businessman.

A. of them B. from which

C. who of D. of whom

A. of which

D. of whom

1. Eric the Red forced people to go to

Greenland with him together.

2. Biarni set sail from Iceland in order to join Leif’s father .

3. Biarni discovered Greenland first.

4. From the 8th to 10th century, the Vikings were stronger and stronger in Northern Europe.

5. According to official records Europeans reached America long before Columbus ever set sail.

T

For

F

F

F

Exercise of Language Points

1.他们立刻出发去寻找丢失的孩子。They set off immediately ____ _______

____ the missing child.2.我们学校学生人数多达 5000人。There are ____ ______ ____ 5000 stude

nts in our school.3. 太阳一出来，我们就启航。 We are going to ____ ______ as soon a

s the sun rises.

on which

I can never forget the days _____ we

worked together and the holidays _____ we

spent together.

This is the house _____ we are living.

This is the park _____ we visited yesterday.

when

which

in which

where

which

☆ 定语从句当中，分别用 where 和 when引导地点和时间

Ex 7 1. 1) There were many places in

Northern EuropeNorthern Europe.

2) The Vikings chose to live in

Northern EuropeNorthern Europe.

2. 1) People could live in the placethe place.

2) He landed in this placethis place.

◇其中， Eric …… discovered that + 宾语从句

Ex 8 1. 1) The Chinese people will never

forget the daythe day.

2) China’s first manned spaceship

returned safely …… on that daythat day.

2. 1) I still remember the daythe day.

2) I attended my first lecture on that daythat day.

3. 1) There’s no reasonreason.

2) We shouldn’t be friends for that that

reasonreason.

4. 1) Could you help me find out the the

reasonreason?

2) The brake doesn’t work for that that

reasonreason.

Ex 9

1. 1) Eric set sail once again with 25 ships.

2) 14 of the 25 ships made it to Greenland.

2. 1) Eric the Red was forced to leave

because he had committed a murder.

2) He got into trouble for this murder.

3. 1) Biarni was a man.

2) Leif discussed his plans with this man.

Ex 10

1. 1) The ship arrived early in the morningin the morning.

2) The sky was still dark in that morningthat morning.

2. 1) Did they tell you thethe reasonreason?

2) They wanted you to do that for the the

reasonreason.

3. 1) What’s the name of the restaurantthe restaurant?

2) You had lunch in that restaurantthat restaurant.

4. 1) Xiaoming went to the music shopthe music shop.

2) He bought a violin in that music sthat music s

hophop.

5. 1) They’ll never forget the timethe time.

2) The Chinese Women’s Volleyball

Team finally won the gold medal in th

e 28th Olympic Games during that tithat ti

meme.

6. 1) Is that the hospitalthe hospital?

2) You had your operation in that that

hospitalhospital.

7. 1) I don’t understand the reasonthe reason.

2) He told a lie to his boss for that that

reasonreason.

Keys:

1. when 2. why 3. where 4. where

5.when 6. where 7. why

1. I have five balloons. Three of them

are yellow.

I have five balloons, of which three

are yellow.

Join the pairs of sentences using relative pronouns. Join the pairs of sentences using relative pronouns.

2. David is my friend. I often play tennis

with him.

David is my friend, with whom I play

tennis.

3. He has twenty books. Only two of

them are interesting.

He has twenty books, of which only

two are interesting.

4. Mr. Johnson apologized for the

mistake. We complained to him.

Mr. Johnson, to whom we complained,

apologized for the mistakes.

5. The shop is not far from my house.

We bought the air-conditioner from it.

The shop where we bought the air-

conditioner, is not far from my house.

6. The Antarctic is covered with snow

and ice all the year round. Man knows

little about it.

The Antarctic, about which we know

little, is covered with snow and ice all

the year round.

7. You’d better tell her the name of the

book. She can find information

about the project there.

You’d better tell her the name of the

book, in which she can find

information about the project.

8. They have just started their trip

to Tibet. They prepared for it for

about a month.

They have just started their trip

to Tibet, for which they prepared

for a month.

Homework

Imagine the difficulties the

Viking met. Write five

sentences about it.